Cardiovascular disorders are known as one of the leading health problems which are associated with mortality worldwide. Myocardial ischemia (MI) is the improper blood supply to the myocardium, which leads to severe complications to life-threatening problems like AMI, atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, as well as diabetic-associated complications such as diabetic atherosclerosis/cardiomyopathy/hypertension. Despite several efforts, the current therapeutic platforms are unrelated to significant results. Hence, it seems that developing novel therapies is required. Increasing evidence indicates that curcumin (CRC) acts as a cardioprotective agent. Given that CRC and its analogues exert their cardioprotective effects via affecting various cardiovascular disease-related mechanisms (i.e., Inflammation and oxidative stress). Herein, we have highlighted the protective impacts of CRC against MI for the first time. This review might be a stepping stone for further investigation into the clinical implications of the CRC against MI. Furthermore, it highlights a legitimate concern for the scientific community, seeking novel techniques and characteristic dynamic biopharmaceuticals against myocardial ischemia.

Dr. salman ahmed

Introduction: The university experience often brings various personal and academic challenges that can negatively impact students’ mental health. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of a mindfulness program on stress, anxiety, depression, sleep quality, social support, and life satisfaction among university students. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 128 participants, divided into experimental and waiting list control groups. The experimental group participated in a mindfulness meditation program consisting of 12 weekly sessions. Pre-test and post-test measurements were performed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SS), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) to assess the variables. Results: The experimental group showed statistically significant differences between the study phases and the groups after the intervention for all the variables examined (p < 0.05). The effect sizes calculated using the HC3 model were stress (η2 = 0.376), anxiety (η2 = 0.538), depression (η2 = 0.091), sleep quality (η2 = 0.306), social support (η2 = 0.704), and life satisfaction (η2 = 0.510). The mindfulness program was shown to be effective in reducing levels of stress, anxiety, and depression while also improving sleep quality, social support, and life satisfaction in college students. Conclusion: These findings indicate that mindfulness meditation may be valuable for enhancing psychological well-being in educational settings.

Paul alan arkin alvarado-garcia

This study was conducted to develop and evaluate the Optimal Poly-1-Order (OP-1) model for approximating solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation. Using a mixed research method, the study employed Ibrahim’s simulation and prediction of grid-connected PV system theory with two objectives and their corresponding research questions. The study gathered primary and secondary data to approximate the implementation of a solar-PV system with an OP-1 model for generating electricity: optimizing energy production, load demands, and financial viability in the medical hostel facility of the University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. With the use of simulation and descriptive methods of data analysis, results showed that the lighting system had 400 lights, each with 12W power. It operated for a total of 18 hours. Daily power consumption was 36,400 Wh. More so, it showed that 60 fans with 100W power were used during the same hours, resulting in a daily power usage of 108,000 Wh. Based on a comprehensive economic evaluation, the OP-1 solar-PV system was found to be economically viable for powering the medical hostel. The system met electricity demand, resulting in a remarkable 407% ROI and substantial savings for the grid, despite a lower optimized size of 193kW compared to the base peak generation of 383.90k. The study concluded and recommended that the proposed OP-1 Solar-PV power plant can meet the facility's electricity needs with a peak generation of 383.90kW and detailed energy analysis. Deploying this efficient solar-PV setup guarantees reliable and green electricity for the Medical Hostel, slashing the campus's carbon footprint and grid reliance.

Fxintegrity publishing

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was declared by the World Health Organization as a pandemic on 11th March, 2020 which spread rapidly all over the world. COVID-19 disease has different clinical presentations, ranging from asymptomatic to severe symptoms. Laboratory findings are important in determining which therapeutic strategies to seek and to identify severe cases initially. In this study, we compared the results of C-reactive protein, D-dimer, blood electrolytes and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration between survivors and non-survivors of 22 Libyan patients with COVID-19 present in the intensive care unit at Maitika Isolation Center (Tripoli, Libya) in the period of January to June 2021. We could not detect any significant difference in C-reactive protein between survivors and non-survivors but a significant difference in D-dimer level was observed. Non-survivor COVID-19 patients have a higher level of D-dimer. Moreover, a statistical significant difference in chloride and sodium levels but not in potassium level were detected. A marked lower of mean corpuscular hemoglobin in non-survivor than survivor COVID-19 patients was shown. Thus, these parameters could act as biomarkers for COVID-19 patients.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Natural products are a vital source of therapeutic agents due to their diverse chemical structures and wide range of biological activities. With the advancement of computational technologies, natural product databases have become essential tools in drug discovery, offering organized access to chemical structures, biological properties, and biosynthetic information. These databases support various stages of drug development, from target identification to lead optimization. This review outlines the essential features of Natural Products Databases and introduces the framework for the first Libyan Natural Products Database, a project designed to harness Libya’s unique biodiversity. This foundational work involves a detailed review of existing natural product databases to identify their core components, data architectures, and user interface designs. While acknowledging challenges such as data standardization, limited resources, and long-term sustainability, the creation of the Libyan Natural Products Database is expected to enhance local scientific capacity and contribute meaningfully to the global drug discovery landscape. This positions the Libyan Natural Products Database to play a foundational role in advancing pharmaceutical research and drug discovery.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in the healthcare domain, revolutionizing various aspects of medical research, diagnostics, treatment, and patient care. This paper provides an overview of recent developments and applications of AI in healthcare, highlighting its potential to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and accessibility in medical practices. The integration of machine learning algorithms, natural language processing, and computer vision techniques has enabled AI systems to analyze vast amounts of medical data, support clinical decision-making, and personalize treatment plans. Additionally, AI-powered technologies play a crucial role in predictive analytics, early disease detection, and the optimization of healthcare workflows. Despite the promising advancements, challenges related to data privacy, ethical considerations, and regulatory frameworks need to be addressed to fully harness the benefits of AI in healthcare.

Dhruvitkumar talati

Tonsil stones, also known as tonsilloliths or tonsiliths, are usually tiny white or yellowish mineralized structures packed with organic debris and bacteria that develop in the enlarged palatine tonsillar crypt. Tiny tonsillitis is commonly detected in diagnostic imaging such as computed tomography (CT) and less so in panoramic radiography, with the prevalence increasing with age. Giant tonsilloliths are rare and most reported cases have been in adults, with only a few cases reported in the pediatric population. In this report, we described a 9-year-old girl who had suffered from halitosis for 6 months and odynophagia with oropharyngeal foreign body sensation for 2 weeks and was later diagnosed with a tonsil stone.

Karishma

The present study aims to shed some light on the gains from consolidation exercise in terms of profitability of banks. Through the application of paired t-test, we arrived at the result that the consolidation of banks did improve the profitability of banks in India. The increase in profitability of banks under study is due to an increase in employee turnover and the subsequent reduction in operating expenses. Merger and acquisition programmes in Indian banks cannot be regarded as a false step if the benefits of it accrue to all stakeholders.

Akhil antony

Monkeypox, an infectious disease caused by the Orthopoxvirus, was identified in humans in 1970. It has recently emerged as a global health concern due to outbreaks beyond its endemic regions in Central and West Africa. This review examines the current state of medical treatments for monkeypox as of 2024, focusing on antiviral agents, immunotherapies, and supportive care measures. Monkeypox manifests with symptoms including fever, rash, and lymphadenopathy, with severe cases more common in immunocompromised individuals. Antiviral therapies such as tecovirimat and brincidofovir are central to treatment strategies, with tecovirimat demonstrating efficacy in alleviating symptoms and reducing viral shedding. Emerging treatment strategies involve novel lipid-based formulations and combination therapies that integrate antivirals with immune-modulating agents. Supportive care remains essential, involving analgesics and antibiotics for secondary infections, while the MVA-BN vaccine plays a critical role in prevention. Research emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of viral pathogenesis and host immune responses to improve therapeutic and preventive measures. Despite significant advancements, challenges remain, including potential antiviral resistance, disparities in healthcare access, and the necessity for enhanced diagnostic and surveillance capabilities. This review highlights the imperative for ongoing research, international collaboration, and investment in healthcare infrastructure to advance the management and prevention of monkeypox and to prepare for future outbreaks.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Background: Cannabis sativa has garnered significant attention due to its complex phytochemistry and diverse pharmacological properties. Given the rising interest in medicinal cannabis, understanding its physicochemical properties is crucial for drug development, quality control, and abuse prevention. This study aimed to analyze its phytoconstituents, with a focus on the isolation and profiling of cannabinoids. Methods: Fresh C. sativa leaves were macerated in ethanol to obtain a crude extract, which underwent phytochemical screening to detect alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, terpenes, steroids, and resins. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was performed using a n-hexane/diethyl ether (8:2) ratio as the mobile phase to separate cannabinoids, with visualization under UV light. Column chromatography further purified the extract, and subsequent TLC confirmed cannabinoid-rich fractions. Hydrogen peroxide-modified TLC was employed to assess oxidation effects on cannabinoid stability. Results: Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, and resins, while saponins and tannins were absent. TLC analysis revealed distinct Rf values for tetrahydrocannabinol (THC = 0.94) and cannabidiol (CBD = 0.90), with color differentiation indicating successful separation and a more polar nature of CBD. Column chromatography yielded enriched fractions, validated by TLC. Hydrogen peroxide exposure altered Rf values of 0.78 to 0.8, suggesting oxidative degradation. The study identified THC and CBD as dominant markers, alongside minor cannabinoids, reinforcing C. sativa’s complex chemical profile. These findings give clues to further research into standardized extraction protocols and stability testing to optimize medicinal applications of the plant and its phytoconstituents. Conclusions: This study highlights the efficacy of TLC and column chromatography for cannabinoid isolation and profiling. The presence of THC, CBD, and other bioactive compounds underscores C. sativa’s dual therapeutic and psychoactive potential.

Karishma

The skin provides an effective barrier and only limited number of drugs can penetrate in adequate amounts. This study aims to identify the relationship between the physicochemical properties and permeation across mouse skin of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in view of their feasibility to transdermal delivery. Biphenylacetic acid, diclofenac base, diclofenac sodium, indomethacin and piroxicam are the drugs studied. Number of physicochemical properties studies were performed. Drug permeation studies across hairless mouse skin were carried out using an in-vitro finite dosing diffusion cell. The relationship between physicochemical properties of the drugs studied and their percutaneous penetration was studied. Purity for the compounds studied ranged from 99.09% to 100% in which 99.89% purity was obtained for diclofenac base. At 7.4, the % ionized of piroxicam was found to be 95.12%, while for other drugs were in the range of 98.01% and 99.96%. The true partition coefficient values in the n-octanol/water system are in the range of 1.85 and 2.85, while in the n-octanol/phosphate system ranged from 2.14 to 3.70. Observed solubility in water, phosphate buffer and n-octanol ranged from 0.033 to 0.322, 0.202 to 0.329 mg per ml, and 2.19 to 16.10 mg per ml, respectively. A linear relationship was found between water solubility and melting point between steady-state rates of permeation across intact and viable skin, between n-octanol solubility and maximum predicted flux and between molecular volume and the ratio of maximum predicted flux. Predicted flux calculated was compared with the experimental data which resulted in a high correlation. Physicochemical criteria which were determined the feasibility of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs studied for transdermal delivery were identified. The relationships obtained in this study provide an essential physical and chemical properties that govern transport of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs across hairless mouse skin.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Ketorolac tromethamine, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was formulated into mucoadhesive films to overcome the limitations in the currently available dosage and routes of administration which in sequence will increase patients’ compliance. Films were cast from organic and aqueous solvents using various bioadhesive polymers namely: HPMC E-15, Eudragit RLPO, Eudragit RSPO, Carbopol 934P. The prepared films were subjected to investigation for their physical and mechanical properties, swelling behaviors, in vitro bioadhesion, drug permeation via bovine buccal mucosa, and in vitro drug release. These properties were found to vary significantly depending on the preparation methods, the type of the polymers, and the ratio of addition of both plasticizers (i.e. polyethylene glycol and film forming agent. Formulation F4 is selected for best formulation because it shows the 98.85% drug release at time 6 hr. In addition, this film was subjected to in vitro and in vivo release. The obtained results indicate that the concentration of ketorolac in the oral cavity was maintained above 4.0 µg/ml for a period of at least 6 h. This film shows promising results for using the ketorolac mucoadhesive route of administration topically and systemically, and thus it will be subjected to clinical evaluation in future work.

Kuldeep vinchurkar

Effect of germination and fermentation on the nutrient contents, functional and antioxidant activities of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) flour were investigated. The pigeon pea seeds were sorted, cleaned and processed into germinated, fermented and raw flours. The flour samples obtained were analyzed for proximate composition, mineral contents, antinutrient contents, functional properties and antioxidant/free radical scavenging properties using standard methods. The results of the proximate composition showed that the moisture content within the range of 9.62±0.02-9.96±0.01, crude protein content 16.63±0.01-24.17±0.01, crude fibre content 1.41±0.01-2.59±0.01, lipid 4.33±0.01-5.61±0.01, ash content 1.62±0.01-2.17±0.01, carbohydrate 56.80±0.02 - 62.47±0.01 and energy values 366.91 - 374.40kcal/100g. The result of elemental mineral analysis showed magnesium as the major mineral element in the sample (91.32±0.02 to 123.75±0.04mg/g), calcium (96.02 ± 0.02 - 110.14 ± 0.003mg/g), phosphorus (39.11 ± 0.02 - 46.12 ± 0.03mg/g), sodium (8.63 ± 0.02 - 12.61 ± 0.001mg/g), Iron (3.08 ± 0.02 - 4.11 ± 0.001mg/g) and zinc (2.04 ± 0.01 - 3.17mg/g) respectively. The result of the functional properties showed optimal gelatinization temperature ranged from 73.610C - 89.410C, emulsion capacity, 11.88 - 43.42%, foam stability,28.22 to 65.81%, foaming capacity,15.83 to 21.11%, bulk density,0.53 - 0.71g/ml, water absorption capacity, 1.11 and 1.51ml/g while oil absorption capacity,0.84 - 1.14ml/g. The sensory properties of the moi-moi from the processed flours showed that the colour test, (6.33 -7.53), flavour (7.63 to 7.75), taste (5.13 to 5.53), mouth-feel (7.25 to 7.36), overall acceptability (6.93±0.04 - 8.83±0.04). The results of the phenolic content ranged from 20.13mg\GAE, 53.43mg\GAE and 42.64mg\GAE for raw processed, malted and fermented samples respectively. The results of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts showed IC50values of 0.810, 1.177 and 1.014mg\ml for the raw, malted and fermented seed extracts respectively. The moisture, crude protein and fibre contents was significantly increased (p>0.05) during germination and fermentation whereas lipid, carbohydrate, ash and energy values were significantly (p<0>0.05) increased the % scavenging properties of pigeon pea extract though that of germination was higher. Malting and fermentation significantly (p<0.05) decreased the sensory properties of moi-moi produced. Based on the result obtained, regular consumption of pigeon pea will be a proactive measure against heart diseases and other related disorders in the human body.

Okechukwu obed chukwuemeka

Le 05 décembre 2012, les pratiques et expressions culturelles liées au balafon des communautés sénoufo du Mali, du Burkina Faso et de la Côte d’Ivoire ont été inscrites sur la Liste représentative du patrimoine culturel immatériel de l’humanité. Le tafal-djéguélé est une pratique et expression culturelle liée au balafon des Sénoufo de Côte d’Ivoire. Deux raisons principales fondent son usage : amener les laboureurs à la houe à se surpasser d’une part, et magnifier les valeurs des senambélé1 d’autre part, notamment celles en rapport avec le labour étant donné que le sénoufo est agriculteur par essence. Toutefois, en raison de certains changements sociaux, le tafal-djéguélése pratique de moins en moins. Cette situation prive le senanw d’aujourd’hui d’un cadre majeur d’enseignement et de diffusion de valeurs, et pose ainsi la question de leur transmission aux générations actuelles et futures. Cet article vise à démontrer comment la faible pratique du tafal-djéguélé empêche de nos jours la transmission de "valeurs- références" en pays sénoufo, mais aussi à proposer des pistes de solutions.

Assanvo

Pharmacy education has evolved from the outdated changing 5 to 4 year dispensing pharmacy program that focus on the medicines value the compounding and dispensing to patient-oriented pharmacy program (Pharm D) that focus on patient, experiential learning (practicum courses), evidence -based program that does foster critical thinking, and clinical reasoning skills [1] and improving patient care.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

भारतीय मध्यकालीन समाज और संस्कृति की समझ रखने और समझने की कोशिश करने वाले हरेक अध्येता की नज़र इस ओर जाती है कि बाज़ार भक्तिकालीन कवियों के बात करने का एक ख़ास बिन्दु रहा है। जहाँ ये कवि बाज़ार को सबसे अधिक जनतांत्रिक जगह के रूप में प्रस्तुत करते रहे हैं, चाहे वे कबीर रहे हो रैदास हो या फिर तुलसी। ये कवि हमें होशियार भी करते हैं कि बाज़ार में सारी भौतिक चीजें बिक रही हैं आप उन्हें खरीद सकते हैं मगर प्रेम आप नहीं खरीद सकते। ये कवि प्रेम की लगातार वक़ालत करते है। इनके पास दुनिया को खूबसूरत बनाने का एक ही रास्ता है -प्रेम। वे बताते हैं कि कैसे ये भौतिक चीजें मनुष्य के प्रेम को ब्रह्म यानी ज्ञान या मानवता के रास्ते में रोड़ा बन जाती हैं। साथ ही कैसे भौतिक चीज़ें आज अपनी पाँव तेजी से पसारती जा रही हैं।

Manish patel

Industrial waste is one of the most essential sources of contamination in the environment. Chromium (Cr) is a toxic heavy metal, a major contaminant in tannery wastes and its accumulation in soil and water is a major environmental concern today. In the present study, an attempt was made and investigated the status of different beneficial microbes particularly plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from tannery sludge samples collected from tannery effluent treatment plant at Dindugal, Tamil Nadu, India. Experiments were conducted and evaluated their chromium heavy metal tolerance abilities and plant growth promoting activities under in-vitro. Based on molecular analysis, the PGPRs were identified as Achromobacter xylosoxidans (LK391696), Azotobacter vinelandii (LK391702) and. The production of IAA was found to be high by Achromobacter xylosoxidans (46μg/ml) followed by Azospirillum lipoferum (30μg/ml). Phosphate solublization activity was also found to be positive in all these PGPR isolates. Significance of these results revealed that there is a possibility of using these potential PGPRs for bioremediation of chromium contaminated sites and also as good plant growth promoter.

Dr. saranya devi k

The concept of inherited memories, where experiences from one generation can influence the traits and behaviors of subsequent generations, has long captivated scientific curiosity. Recent advancements in epigenetics have provided compelling evidence for the potential mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. This focused brief review article outlines the current state of knowledge on inherited memories, examining the transgenerational effects observed in animal models, the epigenetic mechanisms involved, and the environmental influences that shape these heritable traits. Additionally, Highlights about emerging areas of inquiry were explored, including the cross-generational transmission of social behaviors, the evolutionary implications of inherited memories, and the ethical considerations surrounding research in humans. Thus, a unique perspective could be deduced from this rapidly evolving field and accordingly, further research could be stimulated into the implication of inherited memories.

Mostafa eissa

Neurological illnesses are multifactorial incurable debilitating disorders that may cause neurodegeneration. These diseases influence approximately 30 million people around the world. Despite several therapies, effective management of such disorders remains a global challenge. Thus, natural products might offer an alternative medicine for treating neurological disorders. Polyphenols, such as curcumin, resveratrol, myricetin, mangiferin, and naringin (NRG), have been shown to possess promising potential in treating neurogenerative illness. In this review, we have targeted the therapeutic potential of naringin as a neuroprotective agent. The overall neuroprotective effects and possible underlying mechanisms related to NRG are discussed. In light of the strong evidence for the neuropharmacological efficacy of NRG in various experimental paradigms, it is concluded that this molecule should be further considered and studied as a potential candidate for neurotherapeutics, focusing on mechanistic and clinical trials to ascertain its efficacy.

Dr. salman ahmed

Ageing is an inevitable phenomenon. Similar to other organs, skin is also subject to an intrinsic ageing process. Additionally, skin ageing is also influenced by various environmental factors. Existing conventional formulations have limited efficacy because skin serves as a rate limiting barrier for percutaneous absorption of drugs. This has led to the evolution of various novel drug delivery systems. Among these liposomes have received considerable attention due to the numerous advantages they offer. Liposomes, submicroscopic spherical vesicles, were discovered in 1960’s. Since then, they have gained popularity as potential carriers for drugs, diagnostics, nutrients, vaccines and other bioactive agents. Liposomes find applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetics and other industrial fields. Various topical actives that have been found to be efficacious in delaying the signs of ageing have been formulated as liposomes resulting in enhanced delivery, biocompatibility, and reduced toxicity. This review focusses on therapeutic use of liposomes in skin ageing.

Aparajita varshney