The seeds of Cleome viscosa are used in traditional systems of medicine for the treatment of many diseases in Asia. This study evaluated fixed oil from the seeds of Cleome viscosa for analgesic and antiemetic activity by using the acetic acid induced writhing test in mice (intraperitoneally) and chick emetic model (oral treatment) respectively. The results showed significant analgesic and antiemetic activities of Cleome viscosa fixed oil.

Dr. salman ahmed

Clinical microbiology serves as a partner to clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Antibiotics are prescribed empirically before the availability of antimicrobial susceptibility testing data, especially when the patient's medical status could deteriorate by suspending the treatment. To investigate the impact of antimicrobial susceptibility testing on the management of outpatients with suspected bacterial infection in Libyan patients, a cross-sectional prospective study concluded on microbial microdroplet culture by including outpatients with suspected bacterial infection, who have done antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Thus, 53 Libyan patients with urinary tract infections and 14 Libyan patients with skin infections were included in this study. Before the availability of antimicrobial susceptibility testing data, 25 patients were appropriately treated while 42 patients were inappropriately treated. After the availability of antimicrobial susceptibility testing data, the number of appropriately treated patients increased to 57 patients. Thus, antimicrobial susceptibility testing improved the management of 41 patients by discontinuing an unnecessary antibiotic in four patients, starting necessary antibiotic therapy in 18 patients, and changing to more appropriate antibiotic in 19 patients. However, the antimicrobial susceptibility testing has no impact on the management of 24 patients and has led to the worsening of the management of two patients. The effect of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of antibiotic de-escalation was assessed in 35 patients; however, antibiotic de-escalation occurred in six patients. Thus, data of antimicrobial susceptibility testing has improved the management of Libyan outpatients with bacterial infection but their role in antibiotic de-escalation was slight

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

The analgesic activity Of the crude hexane and ethanol extracts of the leaves and male flowers of Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem., (sponge gourds) was carried out at dose of 500 mg /kg b.w., (p.o.) in mechanically induced pain in rats by using analgesy-meter. These extracts produced significant analgesic effect results of the present study revealed the analgesic properties of the leaves and male flowers of Luffa cylindrica.

Dr. salman ahmed

This study investigated the effect of health education on posture practices in reducing low back pain among patients in Rivers state, Nigeria. To achieve this, pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was employed, and the study targeted 170 patients at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. Two objectives having corresponding research questions and hypotheses guided the study, while convenience and stratified sampling techniques were used to select 50 participants, comprising 35 patients from the general outpatient clinic department and 15 patients from the spine physiotherapy unit, with 20 male and 30 female participants. Data collection was done by administering a self-structured, self-administered questionnaire, titled health education effect on ergonomic practices and low back pain, which had a reliability coefficient of 0.75. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to answer the research questions and test the hypotheses. The research found that educating patients on various methods of preventing low back pain, including healthy weight maintenance, warm-up exercises, and proper postural habits while sitting and standing, had a noteworthy impact on reducing pain. Moreover, the study also revealed that health education programmes were successful in therapeutic posture practices and reducing low back pain in patients residing in Rivers state. Therefore, the study concluded and recommended that health education interventions for functional and therapeutic posture practices are effective strategies for reducing low back pain among patients in Rivers state, and healthcare providers should incorporate these interventions into their treatment plans for patients suffering from low back pain.

Fxintegrity publishing

Eighteen chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes were evaluated for yield and their susceptibility reaction against gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera Hub. for three consecutive years under natural field conditions during rabi 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13 at Hisar. Among these, maximum grain yield was realized from the genotype H 04-28 (13.00 q/ha) during the season rabi 2010-11 and it was statistically at par with RSG 931 (12.45 q/ha), H 03-56 (11.73 q/ha) and RSG 963 (10.82 q/ha) during rabi 2011-12 and it was statistically at par with GNG 1488 (10.01 q/ha), CSJ 140 (9.07 q/ha) and H 03-56 (8.95 q/ha) during Rabi 2012-13 and it was statistically at par with RSG 888 (8.80 q/ha) and GNG 1591 (7.79 q/ha). However, on the basis of average of three years (2010-11 to 2012-13), the maximum yield was exhibited by the genotype GNG 1488 (9.36 q/ha) followed by RSG 931 (8.95 q/ha), H 04-28 (8.32 q/ha) and H 03-56 (8.20 q/ha). The genotype H 03-56 flowered earliest in 68-71 days and proved the best donor against gram pod borer with PSR 4.7. Minimum larval population was recorded in BG 256 (15.8 l/mrl) and it was followed by GL 25016 (17.5 l/mrl) and H 04-28 (18.5 l/mrl). Minimum per cent pod infestation by H. armigera was recorded in genotype H 01-27 (27.8%) and it was superior over all other genotypes. It was followed by H 03-56 (29.5%), CSJ 140 (30.9%) and GNG 1488 (31.3%). H 01-27 proved least susceptible genotype under natural field condition. The genotype H 03-56 flowered earliest and seemed to be the best as potential donor for pod borer’s tolerance under late sown condition. GNG 1488, RSG 931, H 04-28, H 03-56 and RSG 963 proved promising genotypes for yield and against H. armigera. These genotypes may further be utilized in breeding programmes to develop the high yielding and tolerant cultivars against gram pod borer.

Dr. babu lal jat

Effective crisis communication response through using the proper strategies is critical to cope with crises and to protect the reputation and existence of the involved parties. Usually, aviation accidents receive great attention from the media and the public. Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 (MH17) which was shot down over eastern Ukraine on 17 July 2014 during its scheduled flight from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur received global attention. This attention was due to the involvement of several countries either at the level of the countries of victims or the countries accused of the attack. Image repair theory proposed by William Benoit, the widely used in crisis communication response was implemented in this study. The Russian response to the international accusation, especially from the Western world on supporting the attackers of MH17 has been examined in this study. This study implemented both quantitative and qualitative content analysis to achieve its aims. A total of 306 news stories from the online New Straits Times newspaper Website from the years 2014 to 2019 were analysed. A total of 191 strategies were included in 123 news stories since some stories combined more than a strategy. Out of 191 strategies, 43.5% were simple denial, followed by shift the blame and attack accuser with 35.1% and 21.5% respectively. The results revealed that the image repair effort by Russia was effective and successful.

Mohammed fadel arandas

The purpose of this study was to determine the attitudes, expectations, experiences, and barriers that physicians in Tripoli hospitals experienced when working alongside Clinical Pharmacists (CPs). A descriptive self-administered questionnaire was used for the study, and participants were selected from several Tripoli hospitals. Most of the respondents agreed that CPs are an essential part of patient care teams and that they have the legal authority to review a patient's medication regimen and response. More than half of respondents believe CPs must be responsible for the medications they prescribe to patients. Half of the respondents agreed that CPs should be encouraged to play a more active role in hospitals and other healthcare facilities. The majority of participants agreed that CPs should participate in managing drug side effects and almost half agreed that CPs can contribute to decisions about drug interactions. By a low agreement rate, 42.7% of respondents thought CPs were specially qualified to counsel patients on drug therapy. A similar low trend was observed, with 40.9% agreeing to provide pharmacists with additional responsibility and authority in clinical departments, in contrast, 54.5% expressed their concern about the clinical responsibility of CPs in clinical practice. A minority of physicians agreed that Physicians should consult pharmacists in selecting the best pharmacological treatment. At the same time, the majority think that pharmacists lack clinical skills and 61.8% feel that physicians are unable to communicate effectively with CPs. 43.6% acknowledged that the traditional opposition between the two professions was a barrier to interprofessional collaboration while the absence of pharmacy space in clinical settings was cited by 39.1%. A majority of respondents agreed that physicians and pharmacists may improve their interprofessional collaboration by raising their awareness about it. A minority of respondents thought that laws and regulations governing physician collaboration should be put in place to promote effective collaboration between physicians and CPs. The study discovered that although most physicians endorse the introduction of clinical pharmacy services in hospitals and believe that physicians and pharmacists can collaborate on many tasks, respondents were not as impressed with the CPs' performance and believed that they lacked the professionalism required to carry out clinical responsibilities successfully. To facilitate the growth of clinical pharmacy services, laws and regulations must be put in place.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

To the editor, Somalia’s healthcare system, already burdened by decades of conflict and instability, continues to face immense challenges in access, equity, and governance. In this fragile setting, integrating bioethics into healthcare reform offers not only a moral compass but also a practical strategy for rebuilding trust and guiding policy decisions. Bioethical principles such as justice, autonomy, and non-maleficence are essential in fragile states where the absence of clear ethical standards has historically led to disjointed care and poor health outcomes. [1–3]

Karishma

To report a case of neurogenic stress cardiomyopathy post-trauma, managed using Non-Invasive Cardiac Output Monitor (NICOM)-guided conservative therapy. A middle-aged patient with traumatic subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhages developed hemodynamic instability. ECG showed QT prolongation; echocardiography revealed apical ballooning. We used NICOM which indicated low cardiac output (3.5 L/min). Fluids and inotropes were adjusted based on NICOM trends. The patient showed gradual hemodynamic and cardiac recovery. NICOM guided safe de-escalation of inotropes. Echocardiography normalized, and the patient was discharged. NICOM can be used for precise, non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring, aiding recovery in stress cardiomyopathy. Keywords: Traumatic brain injury, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, Stress cardiomyopathy, Non-invasive cardiac output monitoring, Hemodynamic instability, Apical ballooning, Neurocritical care.

Journal of scientific innovations in anesthesiology

Micro Gas Turbines (MGTs) are compact power generation systems that offer several advantages such as highpower density, low emissions, and fuel flexibility. They are commonly used in remote areas where grid connectivity is limited or unreliable. However, MGTs suffer from inherent instability issues due to their small size and high rotational speeds. These instabilities can lead to irregular speed responses, affecting the overall performance and reliability of the system. To address these concerns, the researchers utilized a genetic algorithm (GA)-based approach and conducted sensitivity studies to analyze the iteration parameter of the GA and its impact on the speed response of the MGTs. To evaluate the performance of the developed solution, they employed the Mean Step of Absolute Speed Error (MSASE) evaluation metric and compared the outcomes of the proposed strategy with a baseline Proportional Integral (PI)-only solution. The results demonstrated that the proposed solution surpassed the baseline approach by delivering a superior error response. Similarly, the findings suggested that the optimal iteration parameter setting for the GA was a maximum of 30 compared to 20 and 10 consequently lessening the settling time from 140s to 60s. Accordingly, the researchers concluded that optimizing the GA's iteration parameter could lead to enhanced stability in the speed response of the MGT units. Subsequently, this can bolster the power generation capacities of the units, highlighting the potential for enhanced efficiency and stability in MGT operations. As a final recommendation, the study advised practitioners working with MGTs to adopt the proposed GA-based speed control strategy to optimize the overall performance and reliability of these units.

Fxintegrity publishing

Good prescription writing is essential for dispensing the right drug formulation and dose. When prescriptions are not legible, inaccurate and do not include complete information, there is a possibility of prescribing errors occurring, which leads to adverse events. Poor handwriting is another important issue that makes the information unclear; especially look-alike drug names that may be confused by the pharmacist. World Health Organization has issued a practical manual for Good Prescribing that includes the essential information that should be included in a prescription. In this study, we attempt to investigate the problem of bad prescribing habits in out-patient prescriptions in Benghazi, Libya. Two hundred seventy-five out-patient prescriptions were collected from two private pharmacies on four consecutive days. These prescriptions were scanned for any errors or missing information depending on the standard criteria established by World Health Organization in its practical manual "Guide to Good prescribing". The collected data were processed and statistically analyzed by using SSPSS to calculate the percentage of missing information. Eleven percent (11.0%) of the prescriptions had no address or name of the prescriber on them while 58.0% had no date written on them and in 21.0% the prescriber did not sign the prescription. The age of the patient was only written on 38.0% of the prescriptions. The name of the medication was not clearly written in 18.0% of the prescriptions, while the dosage form of the medication was not written at all in 18.0% and not clearly written in 20.0% of the prescriptions. The total amount of the prescribed drug was not written in 30.0% of the prescriptions. It is to conclude that prescribers included in this study wrote prescriptions with a lot of missing and unclear information as per WHO guidelines for a good prescribing. This shows the weak attitude of Libyan prescribers toward the different aspects of “Good Prescribing”.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

This present study evaluated the quality attributes of functional bread developed from the blends of wheat and soy-okara (SOF) flour. A completely randomized design which generated six (6) experimental runs based on different combinations of wheat (60–90%) and soy-okara (10–40%) flours was adopted for the production of functional bread. The flour blends were processed into bread and analyzed for sensory properties. The optimum flour combination in obtaining higher sensory acceptability was 85.34% WHF and 14.66% SOF with desirability function of 85% using numerical optimization techniques. The control (100% whole-wheat bread) and optimized bread produced were assessed for physicochemical, antioxidant properties and sensory qualities. The carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, and sodium of the optimized bread were significantly higher (p<0.05) than in the control sample having 58.14 and 75.14%, 128.80, and 75.60 mg/100 g, 68.18 and 63.77 and 13.83 ppm and 12.62 ppm respectively. The total flavonoid and phenolic contents of the control and optimized bread were significantly (p<0.05) different with values ranging from 92.77 to 114.86 mg/100 g and 66.43 to 57.51 mg/100 g respectively. A significant variation was observed in the sensory qualities between the control and optimized bread. The study revealed that the nutritional and antioxidant properties of the developed functional bread validate its potential health-promoting effects.

Okechukwu obed chukwuemeka

The seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris are known as common beans or kidney beans. The dry seeds are eaten as pulse and are enriched with protein, fiber, starch, B vitamins (B1, B6, B9), iron, potassium and selenium. Beans also contain about 1-2 % of fixed oil. Phaseolus vulgaris is linked to anticancer, antihyperlipidemic, hypoglycemic, and antioxidant actions. The fixed oil of Phaseolus vulgaris (PVFO) seeds is extracted with hexane and used in this study to assess acute oral toxicity, analgesic (by acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate and tail flick tests in mice) and antiinflammatory (by carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats) actions. Four groups were made (n=6): Group-I: Normal Saline Control (2ml/kg), Group-II: PVFO (2ml/kg), Group-III: PVFO (4ml/kg) and Group-IV: Standard Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA 300 mg/kg). PVFO in 2ml/kg and 4ml/kg doses demonstrated analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, but in hot plate, results were unreliable as significant activity started after 90 minutes. A 5ml/kg dose was administered orally in mice for a toxicity test, and no toxicity symptoms were observed. Therefore, PVFO is safe for oral use up to 5ml/kg and may possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions.

Dr. salman ahmed

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders worldwide. It is mainly associated with a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta

Nagarjuna narayanasetti

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF RHIZOSPHERIC SOIL OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) AND ITS EFFECTS ON MAIZE DISEASE INCIDENCE (IN VIVO) IN KARNATAKA

Veerabhadraswamy al

By January 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 has spread internationally to a pandemic that mainly targets the respiratory system. The relevant infectious disease has been identified as coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) by World Health Organization and declared as a global pandemic. In Libya, National Center for Disease Control reported the first case of coronavirus disease-2019 on 24th March, 2020. The authorities decided to close borders and activate designated treatment centers to deal with COVID-19 cases and contain the outbreak of SARS-COV-2. This study aimed to assess and evaluate the pharmaceutical situation of medications used in pharmacological management of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Tripoli, Libya. Three WHO availability indicators were selected to be studied and reported. A comprehensive list of medicines used in the management of hospitalized COVID-19 patients was constructed after reviewing and comparing seven national and international pharmacological management protocols and guidelines for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. This comparison revealed that nearly 50 medications are intended for use in COVID-19 inpatient pharmacological management. They all agreed about the use of three medications, representing one from each main class. This list was used to cross check their availability at the chosen designated COVID-19 treatment center. This study proved that local treatment center’s protocol is more in line with international guidelines than the national treatment guideline. The later was issued on March 2020. The Libyan National Essential Medicines’ List contained 25 out of 50 medications of the comprehensive list based on the last update in April 2019. This study recommends that national treatment guidelines and National Essential Medicines’ list require updating. Not all medications used in COVID-19 inpatient management were available in local treatment centers, although, the Emergency Management Department of Ministry of Health in Libya is responsible for the supply of the required medical supplies and medications to the COVID-19 treatment centers.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Among the consequences of armed conflict, the effect on the mental health of the civilian population is one of the most significant aspect of psychiatric disorders. Studies of the general population show a positive increase in the incidence and prevalence of mental disorders. This study is aimed to determine the relationship of the national crisis on the mental health conditions of university students and their academic performance. Specifically, this study was aimed to evaluate the national crisis effects on the mental health and the academic performance as well as the association of the national crisis, mental health and academic performance. 40 sample size of pharmacy students at the academic year 2019-2020 at Attahadi University, Tripoli, Libya were used in this study and a survey of validated questionare for mental health was considered. The findings revealed that the effects of national crisis on the mental health of the students disclosed the verbal interpretation of rarely grade. Indeed it can be found that mental health of the students was not of greatly affected in this sample. The academic performance of the students disclosed that academic year levels one and three have verbal interpretation of good and academic year level two has fair. Though the academic performance of the students did not show a verbal interpretation of weak or very weak. It is still worthwhile to note that none of them has reached the very good and the excellent performance. It can be concluded that a need for the students coping strategies be enhanced for them to reach their maximum potential with their academic performance. This study shows also that a weak positive relationship among the variables. Though it’s not that high, indeed, the mental health of the students can be a predictor to their academic performance.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Plants, the beauty of nature, have been the basis For treating human ailments. The current accepted modern medicine has gradually developed over the years and is undoubtedly the gift of God in the sense of traditional knowledge about different medicinal plants. However, what is needed are rapid screening techniques, structure base design and combinatorial chemistry for drug development under innovations, which will share the profit of products derived from indigenous plants. There is less known information about Ficus exasperata Vahl., and Cleome ciliata Schmach and Thonn. However, the author of this book presents comprehensive information about traditional uses and the biological and phytochemical investigation of Ficus exasperata Vahl. and Cleome ciliata Schmach and Thonn.

Dr. salman ahmed

Pendidikan agama Islam sebagai upaya mengembangkan, mendorong serta membimbing peserta didik hidup lebih dinamis dengan berdasarkan nilai-nilai agama islam dan terbentuk pribadi peserta didik insane kamil. Rumusan dalam dalam peneltian ini: 1) Bagaimana peran PAI dalam pembinaan kesehatan mental siswa di SDN Sekarputih 1 Tegalampel Bondowoso? 2) Bagaimana peran PAI dalam pembinaan kesehatan pikiran/intelektual siswa di SDN Sekarputih 1 Tegalampel Bondowoso? Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Metode pengumpulan data dengan metode observasi, metode wawancara dan metode dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis data menggunakan model analisis interaktif Milles, Huberman dan Saldana dengan tiga Langkah dalam proses analisis data yaitu: kondensasi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Untuk memeriksa keabsahan data ini, menggunakan tehnik triangulasi yaitu triangulasi tehnik, triangulasi metode dan triangulasi data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan: (1) Peran PAI dalam pembinaan kesehatan mental siswa di SDN Sekarputih 1 Tegalampel Bondowoso yaitu: (a) Agama sebagai pembimbing dalam kehidupan peserta didik. (b) Agama sebagai penolong dalam menghadapi kesulitan untuk memecahakan masalah yang di alami siswa. (c) Agama sebagai penentram bathin. (2) Peran PAI dalam pembinaan kesehatan intelektual/kesehatan pikiran di SDN Sekarputih 1 Tegalampel Bondowoso yaitu: (a) Guru membimbing peserta didik secara akademis di dalam sekolah maupun di luar sekolah. (b) Kajian-kajian keagamaan oleh guru PAI sebelum atau sesudah mata pelajaran dimulai. (c) Membudayakan siswa untuh silaturrahim kerumah guru. (d) Bimbingan secara intelektual kepada dengan teori-teori keagamaan yang memadai, agar siswa tidak sekuler dalam berperilaku sehari-hari.

Educare: journal of primary education

Monosodium urate monohydrate crystals are deposited in peripheral joints, causing gout and eliciting an intense localized inflammatory attack. In contrast, collecting ducts and medullary interstitium is a urinary calculus, which causes dysuria, nausea and hematuria. The purpose of the present study is to observe possible growth patterns of monosodium urate monohydrate crystals. The crystals were grown in test tubes using a single diffusion gel technique and were observed on the 7th,14th, 21st, 28th, and 40th days. Needle and spherulite-type crystals were observed on the 14th day, while arboresque, crystal sheaves, densely branched, dumbbell, mushroom-type spherulites, plumose and hexagonal prismatic crystals were observed for the first time. After the 40th day, complete spherulites were observed with their aggregates. The crystals were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy-Dispersive X-ray and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopies. The pattern of MSUM will help determine the role of different natural products in the modulation, inhibition or promotion of these crystals by affecting the shape, size, transparency, approximate number and total mass of growing crystals. In case of inhibition or modulation, it will help evaluate prophylactic management. In contrast, the promotion of the crystal will give an idea about the risk factors of gout and kidney stones.

Dr. salman ahmed