Background: Lichen planus (LP) is a papulosquamous cutaneous disorder that manifests as intensely itchy violaceous flat-topped polygonal papules and plaques. To compare the efficacy of topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% versus topical tacrolimus 0.1% in the treatment of LP. Methods: This prospective Comparative Study was conducted at the Dermatology Department, Services Institute of Medical Sciences (SIMS)/Services Hospital, Lahore, from May 1, 2022, to April 30, 2023. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board at the Department of Dermatology, SIMS/Services Hospital, Lahore. A total of 80 patients were selected after fulfilling the selection criteria. The study participants were placed into two groups, A and B. In group A, the patients were advised to use the topical application of clobetasol propionate (0.05%) ointment twice daily. In group B, tacrolimus ointment (0.1%) was used twice daily. Treatment response was assessed at 3 weeks, and then finally efficacy was evaluated at 6 weeks. Results: Treatment efficacy was observed in 34 patients (42.5%). Group A (Clobetasol) demonstrated a significantly higher efficacy of 55% compared to 30% in Group B (Tacrolimus; p = 0.024). Conclusions: The 0.05% clobetasol propionate topical formulation demonstrated superior efficacy in treating LP compared to 0.1% topical tacrolimus. Further validation of these findings through large-scale clinical trials is warranted.

Karishma

Neuro-Behçet's Syndrome (NBS) is a rare yet potentially severe neurological manifestation of Behçet's disease (BD). Although the condition frequently affects the brainstem, basal ganglia, and diencephalon, [1,2] its occurrence as a mass-like lesion (pseudotumor) is exceedingly uncommon. These tumefactive lesions can resemble neoplastic, infectious, or demyelinating conditions, which often hinders prompt diagnosis and treatment. [1-3] In this report, we discuss a 56-year-old female from Libya with a history of Behçet’s disease, who presented with headaches, visual disturbances, and cognitive slowing. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings indicated a high T2/FLAIR signal in the bilateral basal ganglia and the left cerebellar hemisphere, extending into the middle cerebellar peduncle, accompanied by faint contrast enhancement.

Karishma

Today, the tourism industry has become richer and sophisticated. It involved various businesses and has given multiplier effect towards the society. One of dominant business activity in this sector is event management. It also touches various kind of business e.g. shopping center. Related to this, one of activity that has full support from the ministry of tourism in Indonesia is Culinary and Shopping Festival 2016. This event is being held from 27 September 2016 up to 27 October 2016 in many provinces in Indonesia. Data that is being collected to answer the research is being distributed to various visitors and specifically to student of UPH Medan. Hopefully from the data collection, the analysis will answer what kind of motives is to come to event. Whether the visitor coming for the culinary and shopping festival or for another event will be answered from the study. Therefore combining the data with how the tenant expectation can show the relationship between visitor motives and the festival.

L

Living with epilepsy, its unpredictable seizures, and its comorbid conditions present many challenges over the time. Continued educational efforts can play a key role in helping people learn to live with epilepsy and understand epileptic medications over the life span. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of pharmacist-initiated education on patients with epilepsy. Prospective and observational pilot study to evaluate the impact of educational interventions during February and March, 2019 was conducted. A total of seven patients with epilepsy was included in this study. They received ordinary consultation care in National Centre of Epilepsy at Ali Omar Askar Hospital in Tripoli, Libya. Knowledge assessment questionnaire was assessed initially and patients were subjected to pharmacist-initiated education and they have given follow up reporting card. A follow up for one month has continuously been done and final evaluation included: knowledge assessment questionnaire, adverse drug reactions and epileptic attacks reporting. All the patients completed the pre and post education questionnaire. There was no significant difference between the patients’ knowledge before and after interventional questionnaire except for only two patients which is statistically significant (P=0.03) and (P=0.02) whose knowledge was significantly enhanced by post education. Thus, there are a lot of opportunities and challenges for pharmacists to play a role in epileptic care and education as patients with epilepsy are not knowledgeable about their illness regardless of age, educational background or duration of epilepsy. This role must be highly enforced and implemented in patients with epilepsy.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Information and communication technology is an instrument in addressing some of the issues of Indian higher education however; there are certain drawbacks to using ICT to enhance teaching and learning. The present research was carried out in The Maharaja Sayajirao University to study the impediment faced by them in the use of ICT in their professional work. Quantitative data was collected from two hundred and ninety faculty members through the purposive and convenient sampling method. The data indicate that faculty members faced technological infrastructure-related impediments such as lack of smart boards, lack of computers, uneven bandwidth of internet, slow internet connection. It is suggested that an adequate atmosphere be developed in the institution that would encourage faculty members to use ICT.

Maniar avani

Good prescription writing is essential for dispensing the right drug formulation and dose. When prescriptions are not legible, inaccurate and do not include complete information, there is a possibility of prescribing errors occurring, which leads to adverse events. Poor handwriting is another important issue that makes the information unclear; especially look-alike drug names that may be confused by the pharmacist. World Health Organization has issued a practical manual for Good Prescribing that includes the essential information that should be included in a prescription. In this study, we attempt to investigate the problem of bad prescribing habits in out-patient prescriptions in Benghazi, Libya. Two hundred seventy-five out-patient prescriptions were collected from two private pharmacies on four consecutive days. These prescriptions were scanned for any errors or missing information depending on the standard criteria established by World Health Organization in its practical manual "Guide to Good prescribing". The collected data were processed and statistically analyzed by using SSPSS to calculate the percentage of missing information. Eleven percent (11.0%) of the prescriptions had no address or name of the prescriber on them while 58.0% had no date written on them and in 21.0% the prescriber did not sign the prescription. The age of the patient was only written on 38.0% of the prescriptions. The name of the medication was not clearly written in 18.0% of the prescriptions, while the dosage form of the medication was not written at all in 18.0% and not clearly written in 20.0% of the prescriptions. The total amount of the prescribed drug was not written in 30.0% of the prescriptions. It is to conclude that prescribers included in this study wrote prescriptions with a lot of missing and unclear information as per WHO guidelines for a good prescribing. This shows the weak attitude of Libyan prescribers toward the different aspects of “Good Prescribing”.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Background: Pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist, has demonstrated potential in managing Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, its oral administration is limited by systemic side effects such as cardiovascular risks and hepatotoxicity. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a thermo-adhesive intranasal gel containing pioglitazone, utilizing Poloxamer 407 and Carbomer, as a targeted drug delivery system for AD. Methods: A series of gel formulations was prepared and assessed for gelling capacity, homogeneity, pH, and stability. The solubility of pioglitazone in various solvents was tested, and the optimal thermo-adhesive gel was selected based on gelation at physiological temperature (37°C–39°C). Results: The formulation containing 3 g Poloxamer 407 and 0.8 mg Carbomer successfully transitioned into a gel at body temperature and maintained physical stability over 2 months under accelerated conditions. The pH remained within the acceptable intranasal range (5.7–6.0), and no visual or olfactory changes were observed. Conclusions: The developed thermo-adhesive intranasal gel offers a promising alternative to oral pioglitazone delivery for AD, with the potential for enhanced Central Nervous System (CNS) targeting and reduced systemic side effects. Further toxicity and in vivo efficacy studies are warranted to confirm safety and therapeutic value.

Karishma

Sexuality is a subject to be discussed without shying-away. This essay, discusses about how sexuality of a certain minority people in India and across borders, are being perceived by people in various countries and the consequences faced by the people whose sexuality seems deviant i.e. the sexual minorities from the majority . This essay provides illustrations in the form of research done by various sources that provides such evidences that paint a different picture of the sexual minorities viz. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex and Queer (LGBTIQ) people in India and across the world aiming at eliminating the prejudice against them.

Hari hara sudhan r

As we aware diabetes is not only one kind of symptomatic disease but its occurrence spread through the various metabolic channels and hence raises other disorders. The prolonged symptoms of diabetes also cause the complications of eyesight, Night blindness, kidney failure, and other autoimmuno dysfunction including sexual dysfunction. In those symptomatic diseases various drugs are used to treat the diabetes such as biosimilar therapy including use of insulin and insulin analogues, oral hypoglycaemic agents and various other complementary medicines. As herbal remedies i.e. M charantia Linn. (Bitter Gourd) are commonly known as fruit vegetables. The Leaves, Seeds, Roots, Fruits and the stem part of the plants are medicinally used in different diseases. It is most effectively used to treat the acidic condition of gastrointestinal tract. M.charantia is also called the oxygen radical scavenger, which takes part into metabolic pathway. Due to the oxygen radical scavenging activity of GSH it directly expedites the ROS neutralization and the repair of ROS-induced damage which is important to neutralize the acidic condition of gastrointestinal tract.The present investigation was carried out to study the characterization of present antidiabetic compound having different solvent extract of M.charantia in various solvent system. The overall conclusion suggested that the extracted compound shows the antidiabetic and diuretic properties. The total unknown protein concentration was 21.01 µg/mL which is similar with standard antidiabetic drug and the slope consists of 0.0314 with the line of intercept 0.081, which has been elaborated in results and conclusion.

Dr. wahul umesh b

This paper investigates the transformative potential of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) in modern business and management practices, aligning with India's vision for "Viksit Bharat 2047"—a roadmap toward becoming a developed nation by 2047. Integrating ancient Indian wisdom with advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) provides an innovative framework for enhancing decision-making, sustainability, and innovation across diverse industries. This study aims to incorporate key IKS principles such as holistic management, ethical leadership, and community-centered business models into AI-driven methodologies to create a forward-thinking approach in Indian business contexts. Using a mixed-method research design, the study combines qualitative insights from traditional Indian texts with quantitative analysis of case studies where IKS principles are applied in contemporary businesses. The findings reveal that concepts like ―Dharma‖ (ethical responsibility), ―Artha‖ (resource management), and ―Karma‖ (action-driven leadership) play a crucial role in corporate governance, social responsibility, and achieving sustainable development goals when combined with AI's analytical power. This synergy addresses current challenges, including environmental sustainability, social equity, and ethical governance. The research demonstrates that a balanced integration of AI and IKS can foster inclusive and sustainable growth, supporting India's self-reliance and competitiveness on a global scale. The paper provides a roadmap for academics, policymakers, and business leaders to leverage IKS with AI, aiming for an innovative and resilient India by 2047.

Dr tatayya bommali

Background:- Tribals are weaker section which holds in outstanding number of tribal population in our country. They are not having proper knowledge on osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a significant problem in aging population especially in females, it impacts structural and social burden on health care services in tribals. Objective:- Aim of this study is to determine the knowledge regarding osteoporosis among tribal premenopausal women in tribal area of Guntur Dist. Andhra Pradesh Methods:- This study is descriptive quantitative study conducted among 177 Sugali women & 23 Chenchu women of tribal area in Guntur Dist. Andhra Pradesh from 2015 November to December 2015. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge on osteoporosis by conducting Pre-Tests on this group of people. After Educational Intervention was given with the help of self-instructional module and also conducted a Post Test on these same Group of people Results:- The mean age was 40 to 50 years. Majority of the participants are 177 (100%) Sugali women and 23 Chenchu women in these 177 in which n.150 (84%) women are having poor knowledge and remaining 27 (16%) women have average knowledge. In Chenchu women 20 (86%) women were having poor knowledge and remaining 3 (14%) women have average knowledge on all five aspects of questions regarding Osteoporosis, Menopause, Diet, Exercises and Preventive Methods. After Educational Intervention was given their knowledge was improved by a fraction on Osteoporosis. In the Post-Test 101 (57%) women gained average knowledge but remaining 76 (43%) women remained with poor knowledge among Sugali Women. Out of 23 (100%) women of Chenchu tribe 7 (30%) women got average knowledge and the remaining 16 (70%) women remained with poor Knowledge on Osteoporosis Conclusion:- Although majority of participants had low level of knowledge on Osteoporosis in all aspects regarding Menopause, Diet, Exercises and Preventive methods of Osteoporosis. They perceived a little knowledge on Osteoporosis in all aspects towards preventing Osteoporosis. Comparitively Sugali women are having better knowledge than Chenchu women in all aspects of Osteoporosis. Key words:- Osteoporosis, Knowledge, Effect, Pre-Menopausal, Tribal Women.

Mangeswari k

Online interviews can be powerful tools in global health research. In this article, we review the literature on the use of and challenges associated with online interviews in health research in Africa and make recommendations for future online qualitative studies. The scoping review methodology was used. We searched on Medline and Embase in March 2022 for qualitative articles that used internet-based interviews as a data collection method. Following full-text reviews, we included nine articles. We found that online interviews were typically conducted via Microsoft Teams, Zoom, Skype, WhatsApp, Facebook Messaging and E-mail chats. Online interviews were used in Africa because of the restrictions imposed by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the need to sample participants across multiple countries or communities. Recruitment for online interviews occurred online, interviews were characterised by inaudible sounds, the inability to use video options and the challenges of including people with low income and education. We recommend that researchers critically evaluate the feasibility of online interviews within a particular African locality before fully implementing this data collection approach. Researchers may also collaborate with community-based organisations to help recruit a more socioeconomically diverse sample because of the potential of excluding participants with limited internet access.

Emmanuel ekpor

Researchers have developed several authentication techniques for route predictions based on user requirements. These techniques estimate the shortest path and available resources in vehicular communication networks. In the current research, the existing authentication techniques for vehicular communication are compared and their inadequacies are identified. Then, new authentication technique based on route forecasting are presented for vehicular communication networks, with the service provider anticipating alternate routes for customers if the current routes have more network traffic congestion. By presenting the most efficient route, the suggested model allows users to maximise their time efficiency. Using A* algorithm, VCN agent seeks path with less network traffic congestion. This algorithm determines the shortest path between a source and a destination. Users are provided with several options by the service provider. User accepts the finest option that meets their needs. This method allows the service provider to deliver at least 15 routes within three seconds. This strategy is beneficial when a significant number of vehicles are stuck in traffic and consumers require network resources to utilise their time effectively.

Vartika agarwal

Therapeutic nucleic acids demand specificity and accuracy in design as well as delivery strategies used in replacement or silencing of the target gene. Gene therapy is believed to be the therapy in which the root cause of the diseases can be treated at the molecular level. Generally gene therapy helps in the identification of the origin of the disorder instead of using drugs to diminish or control the symptoms. The application of nucleic acids to treat and control diseases is known as “gene therapy.” Gene therapy consists on the substitution or addition of a functional gene into the nucleus of a living cell, in order to treat a disease or repair a dysfunction, caused by this gene failure. This therapy is used to correct defective genes, which are responsible for genetic diseases. Thus, gene therapy can be used to prevent, treat or regulate hereditary or acquired disorders, by the production of therapeutic proteins. The gene therapy is mediated by the use of viral and non-viral vectors to transport foreign genes into somatic cells to restorative defective genes. This review focuses on viral vectors in detail.

Dr.p.v.kamala kumari

The objective of this research paper is to assess the mediating effect of Hygiene and motivator factors of Herzberg’s theory in motivating employees with special reference to retail industry and estimate their level of job satisfaction through them. The research being descriptive in nature is based on Primary as well as Secondary data. Structured and standard Questionnaire based on motivatorshygiene has been used for data collection. The respondents (retail executive) respondents were contacted through online Google form and questionnaires were distributed by the researcher personally . The final sample size was 180. Factor analysis is the main statistical tool used to identify underlying variables, or factors, that explain the pattern of correlations within a set of given variables. Researcher has used Principal component method of extraction. The KMO Test was carried out for finding sampling adequacy and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity was carried along with approx. Chi-Square test to test the hypothesis. It is identified from the analysis that out of the eight factors six factors are hygiene factors. Out of these six hygiene factors 3 are money based- Monetary gains attracts, Pay Satisfaction and Love of Money. The results have showed that hygiene factors dominated over motivators in terms of job satisfaction (retail executives in NCR. ) . Herzberg’s two factor theory is applicable but not all factors influence or impact and few are becoming obsolete.

Mamta gaur

Freeze desalination (FD) is a method in which saline water is cooled below its freezing point and freshwater is separated from the brine in the form of ice crystals. FD is relatively insensitive to the salinity of the feed solution, making it suitable for desalination of high concentration brines such as the brine rejected from the seawater desalination plants. The design of the FD system and the thermochemical behavior of the brine upon freezing are critical factors in the energy performance of this method. To date, thermochemical properties of the concentrated seawater during cooling, such as the threshold of formation of ice and salt-hydrates and their corresponding cooling load of formation, are not well known. Likewise, the optimal configuration of the FD system to achieve the maximum energy efficiency has not been investigated. This work provides comprehensive data about the cooling load of freezing of concentrated brine rejected from seawater desalination plants along with the threshold of formation of ice and salt-hydrates backed-up by validation. Furthermore, the optimal configuration of the FD system is identified and the effects of the compressor isentropic efficiency and effectiveness of the system’s heat exchangers on the work consumption of the FD system were investigated.

Aly elhefny

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is defined as a blood pressure (BP) ≥140/90 mm Hg. The prevalence and mortality from HTN, globally and locally, have been on the increase since the 1980s. This study aimed to detect young adults (18-40 years) in Enugu State who are hypertensive, in order to raise the awareness that HTN is also common in young adults. Its early diagnosis and management could help to reverse the trend in the number of cases of HTN in Nigeria which had been predicted could hit 39.1 million by 2030 if the present trend is allowed to continue. Methods: Participants were administered with structured questionnaire. Their BPs, heights and weights were measured using sphygmomanometer, stadiometer and scale balance respectively. Data were analyzed as proportions, Pearson product moment correlations and Chi square tests using MaxStat (version 3.60) statistical software. Results: The overall prevalence of HTN was 21.3%; 20.7% in the 18-29 years age group; 25.9% in the 30-40 years age group; 24.3%, in males; and 20.3% in females. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient r between age and HTN=0.462, between sex and HTN=0.328, between family history and HTN = 0.513, between salt intake and HTN=0.613, between BMI and HTN=0.152, between physical activity and HTN=0.293, between smoking and HTN=0.308. Conclusions: HTN in young adults is more common than previously thought and if unmanaged in early life usually progresses to HTN later in life.

Emmanuel umegbolu

Health tourism is a visit made to different regions in order to improve the physical well-being of the person. Medical tourism, on the other hand, is the sub-branch of health tourism and it is a form of travel that is used for medical treatment and also the tourism activities of the country visited. Under the name of medical tourism in women's health; cosmetic surgery, reproduction, birth, IVF, gynecological treatments, abortion, abortion and newborn care travels are included. It has been observed that many women travel around the world and in Turkey for these reasons and medical tourism has an important place in terms of women's health. The purpose of this review is to examine the impact of medical tourism on women's health in line with the literature

Reyhan aydin doğan

Corporate social responsibility is a self-equipped business approach that helps an organization be socially responsible to its stakeholders and the overall public. Through the practice of CSR, companies are conscious and aware of the impacts they have on all aspects of society, including economic, social, and environmental (Goel and Ramanathan, 2014, p. 51). A case study scenario, in this case, is of StanBed Tours Ky, the impact of CSR on consumer loyalty, stating that the increase of CSR has resulted in the society's satisfaction with the business (Bediako, 2017, p. 1). CSR influences the people affected by it in various intensities and means. Such as, employees, who are part of the major stakeholders, are significantly affected by the organization's corporate social responsibility activities in marketing, which shape their logic, inspiration and lead to deeper commitments to achieving organizational goals and strategic plans (Makasi et al., 2014, p. 2600). Additionally, CSR investments in marketing significantly impact external shareholders such as consumers and the organization's image (Kaman, 2015, p. 7). CSR activities carried out by StanBed include tree planting exercises to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions resulting from flying airplanes, voluntary beach cleaning services to protect marine life, and providing educational services to children in the community of tours.

Zamzam abdelazim

The purpose of this study was to determine the attitudes, expectations, experiences, and barriers that physicians in Tripoli hospitals experienced when working alongside Clinical Pharmacists (CPs). A descriptive self-administered questionnaire was used for the study, and participants were selected from several Tripoli hospitals. Most of the respondents agreed that CPs are an essential part of patient care teams and that they have the legal authority to review a patient's medication regimen and response. More than half of respondents believe CPs must be responsible for the medications they prescribe to patients. Half of the respondents agreed that CPs should be encouraged to play a more active role in hospitals and other healthcare facilities. The majority of participants agreed that CPs should participate in managing drug side effects and almost half agreed that CPs can contribute to decisions about drug interactions. By a low agreement rate, 42.7% of respondents thought CPs were specially qualified to counsel patients on drug therapy. A similar low trend was observed, with 40.9% agreeing to provide pharmacists with additional responsibility and authority in clinical departments, in contrast, 54.5% expressed their concern about the clinical responsibility of CPs in clinical practice. A minority of physicians agreed that Physicians should consult pharmacists in selecting the best pharmacological treatment. At the same time, the majority think that pharmacists lack clinical skills and 61.8% feel that physicians are unable to communicate effectively with CPs. 43.6% acknowledged that the traditional opposition between the two professions was a barrier to interprofessional collaboration while the absence of pharmacy space in clinical settings was cited by 39.1%. A majority of respondents agreed that physicians and pharmacists may improve their interprofessional collaboration by raising their awareness about it. A minority of respondents thought that laws and regulations governing physician collaboration should be put in place to promote effective collaboration between physicians and CPs. The study discovered that although most physicians endorse the introduction of clinical pharmacy services in hospitals and believe that physicians and pharmacists can collaborate on many tasks, respondents were not as impressed with the CPs' performance and believed that they lacked the professionalism required to carry out clinical responsibilities successfully. To facilitate the growth of clinical pharmacy services, laws and regulations must be put in place.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences