Algae are used by human beings for food from ancient times, as they contain a wide range of elements. Using inexpensive, in-house bioassays for screening and monitoring of extracts where the aim of these bioassays is to provide a front-line screen that can be followed up by more specific and expensive bioassays. The phytochemical screening, assessment of toxicity and effects on growth parameters of Traticum sativum of ethanol and dichloromethane extracts of five macro-algal species (two green, two brown and one red) collected from Libyan coast were studied. The Brine shrimp lethality assay was conducted to determine the toxic effects of seaweed extracts on Artemia Salina nauplii larvae and this was to provide a front-line screen that can be backed up by specific and expensive bioassays once the active compounds have been isolated. The effect of seaweeds liquid fertilizer on growth parameters of Traticum sativum were examined using in vitro seed germination in petri dishes bioassay. Seed germination percentage, fresh and dry weight, shoots length and roots length were the parameters recorded in young seedlings post germination. Ethanolic and dichloromethane extracts of the five algae samples represented the presence of several chemical constituents. All extracts exhibited LC50 > 1000 μg per ml. In this study, all algal extracts are non-toxic according to Brine shrimp lethality assay so they may be considered as edible seaweeds. Different effects on growth parameters of Traticum sativum suggested the presence of micro-elements, macro-elements and different concentrations of plant growth hormones.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Education is power. It constitutes the foundation of all the multidimensional socio-economic development of a country. In the present context, we need manpower or human capital for generating the growth and development in a country. The Government of India has taken several many initiatives for promoting education at all the stages i.e. Primary, Secondary and Higher. But still, we find such issues as a high dropout rate at all the stages of education, rural-urban disparity, gender disparity, interstate variations pose as some of the problems that impedes the development of human resources in our country. Even the work participation rate in India indicates the necessity of proper planning of skill training and employment opportunity. Most interestingly, the existing general and conventional higher educational institutions have not effectively been able to cope with the contemporary challenges and changes with the result that the nature of curriculum which is by and large in place tends to create only degree inflation in our country. So, we need such institutes and institutional arrangement that can cater to the contemporary challenges so as to upgrade the quality of education as well as to provide need based educational programmes that can develop human power in the society. Effective or quality education especially at higher level can play a vital role in bringing around multifaceted human resource development, enabling the learner’s absorption in the job market and selfemployment. This paper will discuss how the accessibility of education can be promoted to all through a convenient mode of education system and how the disparities in education can be minimized, and also focus on the various strategies for strengthening higher education system in the country.

Dr gedam kamalakar

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a self-regulating business model that helps a company be socially accountable—to itself, its stakeholders, and the public. Reliance Foundation (RF) is a not-for-profit organization established by RIL to bring about changes in Indian society seamlessly. CSR is for the community, it is equally valuable for a company. CSR activities can help forge a stronger bond between employees and corporations, boost morale and help both employees and employers feel more connected with the world.

Vidya bhat

In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that approximately 4.2 million premature deaths world wide were attributable to exposure to particulate matter 2.5 μm (PM2.5). This study assessed the environmental burden of disease attributable to PM2.5 at the national level in Malaysia. We estimated the population-weighted exposure level (PWEL) of PM10 concentrations in Malaysia for 2000, 2008, and 2013 using aerosol optical density (AOD) data from publicly available remote sensing satellite data (MODIS Terra). The PWEL was then converted to PM2.5 using Malaysia's WHO ambient air conversion factor. We used AirQ+ 2.0 software to calculate all-cause (natural), ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer (LC), and acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) excess deaths from the National Burden of Disease data for 2000, 2008 and 2013. The averagePWELs for annual PM2.5 for 2000, 2008, and 2013 were 22 μg m-3, 18 μg m-3 and 24 μg m-3, respectively. Using the WHO 2005 Air Quality Guideline cut-off point of PM2.5 of 10 μg m-3, the estimated excess deaths for 2000, 2008, and 2013 from all-cause (natural) mortality were between 5893 and 9781 (95 % CI: 3347–12,791), COPD was between 164 and 957 (95 % CI: 95–1411), lung cancer was between 109 and 307 (95 % CI: 63–437), IHD was between 3 and 163 deaths, according to age groups (95 % CI: 2–394) and stroke was between 6 and 155 deaths, ac-cording to age groups (95 % CI: 3–261). An increase in estimated health endpoints was associated with increased estimated PWEL PM2.5 for 2013 compared to 2000 and 2008. Adhering the ambient PM2.5 level to the Malaysian AirQuality Standard IT-2 would reduce the national health endpoints mortality

Mohamad iqbal mazeli

Territorial disputes in the South China Sea have long been one of the most critical and complex issues of security between south-east Asian states and China. The competition for maritime rights has emerged as the most important security issue in the east Asia. The powerful states have a tendency for domination. The smaller states may not show their dominating behavior over other states, but they have tendency to maximize their relative power by making alliance with great power or by other means. Since the smaller states are not capable enough individually to ensure their own security or to use military force against threatening power, they have tendencies to join in alliances or in other words to create balance of power to ensure their own security. This study attempts to analyze the behavior of small states and to find out which theory matches with the behavior. The behavior of small states like Vietnam and the Philippines cannot be well-explained by the realist approach. They behave to make their existent clear and safeguard themselves only. Making allies with great powers as well as economic ties simultaneously with other economic powers render their behavior of having peaceful coexistent with everyone.

Muhammad faruq-uz-zaman

Customer satisfaction and profit making are the two motives that define software quality; therefore, software industry uses new technologies like component-based software engineering, re-engineering, etc., to make their software production more profitable. The proposed mathematical model is executed under ISO/IEC 9126 quality assurance model and justifies the definition of software quality given by IEEE 1061(1998). The model calculates the degree of stakeholder satisfaction (Q) by combining the quality attributes and it is validated using Shuffled Frog-Leaping Algorithm (SFLA) which improved the result by 2.46%

Dr deepak panwar

Background: Exposure to cigarette smoke has been associated with pulmonary and reproductive dysfunctions; inflammatory response, oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in cigarette smoke have been implicated in the pathogenesis of these disorders. The peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), a biomarker of inflammation and oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)), reproductive hormones (testosterone (TST), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)) cotinine and urinary PAH metabolite (1- hydroxypyrene (1-HOP)) were estimated in male active smokers. Methods: One hundred men aged 20-47 years, comprising 50 active male smokers and 50 non-smokers, were randomly recruited into this comparative cross-sectional study. The PEFR was measured using a peak flow meter, serum levels of cotinine, FSH, LH, TST, TNF-α, and urine 8-OHdG by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and 1-HOP by high-performance liquid chromatography. Data analysis was done using a t-test and correlation analysis at p≤0.05. Results: Smokers had significantly higher cotinine (49.73±31.76 versus 0.51±0.69 ng/ml, p≤0.001), 8-OHdG (16.34±12.10 versus 5.79±2.14 ng/ml, p≤0.001) and lower PEFR (309.20±56.05 versus 452.80±45.76 L/min, p≤0.001) and LH (5.75±2.06 versus 6.97±2.79 mIU/ml, p=0.015) compared to non-smokers. Duration of exposure to cigarette smoke correlated positively with cotinine (r=0.937, p≤0.001) and 1-HOP (r=0.813, p≤0.001) while cotinine correlated positively with 1-HOP (r=0.863, p≤0.001) only in smokers. Conclusion: Reduced lung function and luteinizing hormone and concurrent increase in oxidative DNA damage associated with exposure to cigarette smoke may suggest the involvement of PAH-induced DNA damage in the development of pulmonary and reproductive impairment in smokers.

Eworo raymond

Objective: The present study was conducted to determine the level of attachment of fathers in Karabuk province and the factors affecting them. Materials and Methods: The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 200 fathers who brought their children Karabuk University Education Research Hospital Pediatric Outpatient Clinic and were selected by random sampling method. The socio-demographic data form prepared by the researchers by scanning the literature and the Paternal-Infant attachment Scale, which was validated by Gulec in Turkish, were used. Data forms were applied to the fathers who agreed to participate in the study by face to face interview method. The data were calculated by applying descriptive statistics, percentage calculation and nonparametric tests used in independent variables. Results: It was found that 22.5% of the fathers defined attachment as “happiness”, 5.5% “sacrifice”, 17% “unconditional love” and 55% “I do not know”. The mean score of attachment scores of the fathers was 80.3±8.23. Conclusion: Significant differences were found between the age of the children, duration of marriage, father's age, family type, number of children, and type of delivery. There was no significant difference between defining attachment, infant gender and working status.

Reyhan aydin doğan

Gaucher Disease (GD) is the most common lysosomal storage disorder. The prevalence of GD is approximately 1/100,000, and type III GD accounts for 5% of cases. [1] It is an autosomal recessive disease due to a GBA gene mutation, leading to glucocerebrosidase enzyme deficiency. [1,2] Gaucher disease (GD) is categorized into three types according to clinical presentation: [3] Type I, which is non-neuronopathic and most common, particularly among Ashkenazi Jews; Type II, which is acute neuronopathic and marked by significant neurological involvement and high mortality rates; and Type III, which is subacute neuronopathic, exhibiting both systemic and neurological symptoms. In this report, we discuss a 24-year-old man from Libya diagnosed with GD type III. His diagnosis was established at the age of one due to symptoms including pallor, poor appetite, and hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory tests indicated a hemoglobin level of 5.6 g/dL, chitotriosidase activity of 18,742 μmol/L, and an angiotensin-converting enzyme level of 251 UI/L. Genetic analysis confirmed a homozygous L444P mutation. He underwent splenectomy at the age of three, and enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) was administered intermittently with regular follow-ups until 2011. In December 2023, the patient experienced two weeks of abdominal pain, distension, and fatigue. A physical examination revealed ascites, dilated abdominal veins, and an enlarged liver and spleen.

Karishma

In the article first assesses the potential distribution in Eurasia of Neodiprion abietis (Harris, 1841) first time assessed. The species id a widely distributed in North America fir and spruce defoliator, intercepted in 2016 in the Netherlands. Analysis of the literature data on the known distribution and host plants of the species is given. Insufficient data for ecological modeling is shown, which causes a high degree of uncertainty in assessment of potential range. The results of modeling the potential range of the species using several algorithms are presented. The reliability of the obtained models and the importance of bio-climatic environmental variables for species distribution are assessed.

Svedbergopen

eveloping automated systems with a reasonable cost for long-term care for elders is a promising research direction. Such smart systems are based on realizing activities of daily living (ADLs) to enable aging in place while preserving the quality of life of all inhabitants in smart homes. One of the research directions is based on localizing items used by elders to monitor their activities with fine-grained details of the progress. In this paper, we shed the light on this issue by presenting an approach for localizing items in smart homes. The presented method is based on applying machine learning algorithms to Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) tags readings. Our approach achieves the required task through two stages. The first stage detects in which room the selected object is located. Then, the second one determines the exact position of the selected object inside the detected room. Additionally, we present an efficient approach based on gradient boosted decision trees for detecting the location of the selected object in a real-world smart home. Moreover, we employ some techniques of over- and under- sampling with data clustering for improving the performance of the presented techniques. Many experiments are conducted in this work to evaluate the performance of the presented approach for localizing objects in a real smart home. The results of the experiments have shown that our approach provides remarkable performance.

Shadi abudalfa

There are more and more multinational enterprises growing in Indonesia that makes foreign employees are increasing every year. Thus, it is important for local workers to understand the leadership style of expatriates from the companies’ leaders and managers. The purpose of this research is to see the effect of transformational leadership style on job satisfaction conducted at PT Musim Mas, Medan. This research uses quantitative method with simple random sampling of 36 employees working in the company. The test results show that transformational leadership style has a positive significant effect on job satisfaction at PT Musim Mas, Medan as much as 69.5%.

L

Study objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the antitussive effect of aerial parts of ethanolic extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (Caesalpiniaceae). Methods: In this study, cough was induced by the sulfur dioxide induction method. Four groups of animals were made, with six animals in each group, and all drugs were administered orally. Group I was used as a control, group II as a standard, and groups III and IV received 200 and 400 mg/kg Caesalpinia pulcherrima aerial parts extract. Results: Caesalpinia pulcherrima aerial parts (CPAP) extract suppressed cough. Doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg Caesalpinia pulcherrima aerial parts extract showed highly significant results compared to the standard at 60 and 90 min of drug administration. Conclusion: From the above results, it can be concluded that plants have significant activity in cough suppression.

Dr. salman ahmed

Vaccines avoid many illnesses and save many lives every year. As a result of common vaccine use, the smallpox virus has entirely been eradicated and the occurrence of measles, polio and other childhood diseases have considerably been abridged around the world. Classical vaccine strategies, for instance inactivated pathogen, live attenuated and subunit vaccines, offer strong protection against diversity of hazardous diseases. In spite of this achievement, there remain chief obstacles to vaccine development against a diversity of infectious pathogens, part-icularly those better able to avoid the adaptive immune response. Furthermore, for most emer-ging virus vaccines, the main barrier is not the efficiency of usual approaches but the requirements for more rapid development and large-scale use. Nucleic acid therapeutics have appeared as hopeful option to classical vaccine approaches.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

The purpose of this research was to examine the mediating effect of empowerment on the linkage between Total Quality Management (TQM) and service recovery performance in the hotel industry. Although much has been written about TQM, empowerment and service recovery performance, but the role of empowerment as a mediator in the relationship between TQM and service recovery performance has remained a relatively unexplored research area. A 93-item questionnaire is designed to measure TQM, empowerment and service recovery amongst employees in five-star hotels in Jordan, and 254 usable questionnaires were used in this study. Principal components analysis determined the factor structure and regression analysis determined the relationships between the study’s variables. The results revealed that the TQM implementations have positive effects on empowerment and service recovery performance. Moreover, the study found the full mediating effect of empowerment in the relationship between TQM and service recovery performance. Implications, limitations and future research are discussed at the end. This study proposes model of influence of TQM in service recovery performance, whereby empowerment fully mediates this relationship.

Mukhles m. al-ababneh

The incorporation of lomustine, a hydrophobic anticancer drug into PLGA nanoparticles by interfacial deposition method was optimized. Based on the optimal parameters, it was found that lomustine-PLGA nanoparticles with acceptable properties could be obtained. Optimization of formulation variables to control the size and drug entrapment efficiency of the prepared nanoparticles seems to be based on the same scientific principles as drug-loaded nanoparticles prepared by nanoprecipitation, solvent evaporation method. The process was the most important factor to control the particle size, while both the drug-polymer interaction and the partition of drug in organic and aqueous phases were the crucial factors to govern the drug entrapment efficiency. PLGA concentration at lower level (100 mg), 1:5 organic phase: aqueous ratio, 1%w/v PVA concentration, 3%w/v pluronic F68 achieved smaller particle size. Additionally, L:G ratio of PLGA 75:25, lower volume of organic solvent (1:10 organic phase: aqueous phase), higher initial drug content (10mg) enhanced the drug entrapment efficiency and maintained lomustine concentration in blood for an extended time period, elevated lomustine concentration in lungs and slowed the elimination of lomustine. The biodistribution profiles of prepared nanoparticles in albino mice showed higher plasma drug concentration for longer period of time, elevated drug concentration in lungs and slow elimination from kidney. No toxic effects of prepared nanoparticles were observed in histopathological examination of lungs and kidney. The systematic investigation reported here promises the development of PLGA nanoparticles loaded with lomustine when tested in Lung Cancer cell line L132 and toxicological/ histopathological studies in albino mice.

Archana mehrotra

A 15-year-old girl with asthma presented to the emergency department with a sudden worsening of her shortness of breath overnight. For the past two days, she had been suffering from mild dyspnea, a low-grade fever, a productive cough with sputum, and mild pleuritic chest pain. Upon examination, her vital signs were recorded as follows: temperature: 38.2°C, blood pressure: 112/68 mm Hg, pulse rate: 131 beats per minute, respiratory rate: 25 breaths per minute, and oxygen saturation: 84% while breathing room air. Chest auscultation indicated diminished breath sounds in the right lower lung zone accompanied by wheezing.

Karishma

Background: Perforation is the most serious surgical complication of peptic ulcer disease due to its attendant high morbidity and mortality. Hypovolemia, a consequence of gastro-duodenal perforation, is considered to be a cause of renal hypo perfusion with accompanied decreased clearance of urea and creatinine. The aim of this study was to determine the preoperative baseline serum urea and creatinine profile among patients with perforated peptic ulcer disease and the relationship of serum urea and creatinine with the outcome of care. Methods: A retrospective study of patients who had operation for perforated peptic ulcer disease over a 5-year period at Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital, lafia, North-central Nigeria was conducted. Results: Sixty-four patients were studied with a mean age of 36.6 ± 12.3 years. Majority of the patients were males, 59 (92.2%). While 38 (59.3%) patients had elevated preoperative baseline urea levels, 37 (57.8%) patients had elevated creatinine levels. Out of 29 patients who had surgical site infection, 16 (55.2%) had elevated serum urea (p = 0.535) while 19 (65.2 %) had elevated serum creatinine (p = 0.579). An overall in-hospital mortality rate of 14.1% was recorded. There was statistically significant relationship between elevated serum urea and inhospital mortality (p = 0.007). Conclusion: This result showed that preoperative baseline serum urea and creatinine levels were elevated in majority of the patients. In addition, the result of this study suggests that elevated baseline serum urea level has considerable relationship with in-hospital mortality

Karishma

This research was conducted to form students to be more disciplined in maintaining time, especially in prayer, as well as to strengthen aqidah and increase the worship of students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi'iyah. The focus of this research is: 1) How to plan the prayer chapter of fiqh learning through audio-visual media for students of Class IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Ajung, 2) How to implement the prayer chapter of fiqh learning through audio-visual methods for students of Class IV Madrasa Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi 'iyah Ajung, 3) How is the evaluation of fiqh learning in the prayer chapter for fourth grade students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Ajung. This research uses qualitative research with descriptive qualitative research. Determination of research subjects in this study was carried out purposively. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and documentation. Analysis of the data, the researcher used the data analysis model of the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana models including: Data Condensation (Condensation), Data Presentation (Display), Conclusions Drawing. The validity of the data in this study used source triangulation and technical triangulation. The results showed that: 1) The use of audiovisual media was very relevant in learning fiqh in the prayer chapter 2) Active, innovative, creative, effective and fun learning made students enthusiastic and enthusiastic in learning and not boring. 3) the completeness of learning facilities and infrastructure is very influential in the evaluation stage including summative evaluation and formative evaluation, input evaluation, process evaluation and output evaluation. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membentuk peserta didik lebih disiplin dalam menjaga waktu khususnya dalam shalat, serta memantapkan aqidah dan meningkatkan ibadah peserta didik Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi’iyah. Fokus penelitianini adalah: 1) Bagaimana Perencanaan Pembelajaran fiqih bab sholat melalui media audio visual bagi peserta didik Kelas IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Ajung, 2) Bagaimana Pelaksanaan pembelajaran fiqih bab sholat melalui metode audio visual bagi peserta didik Kelas IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Ajung, 3) Bagaimana evaluasi pembelajaran fiqih bab sholat bagi peserta didik kelas IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Ajung. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Penentuan subyek penelitian dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara purposive.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data, peneliti menggunakan model analisis data model Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana meliputi: Kondensasi Data (Condensation), Penyajian Data (Display), Penarikan Kesimpulan (Conclusions Drawing). Keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa: 1) Penggunaan media audiovisual sangat relevan dalam pembelajaran fiqih bab sholat 2) Pembelajaran aktif, inovatif, kreatif, efektif, dan menyenangkan membuat peserta didik semangat dan antusias dalam belajar serta tidak membosankan. 3) kelengkapan sarana dan prasarana pembelajaran sangat berpengaruh pada tahap evaluasi meliputi evaluasi Sumatif dan evaluasi Formatif evaluasi input, evaluasi proses dan evaluasi output.

Educare: journal of primary education

Diabetes mellitus is a common and chronic metabolic disorder. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus leads to body organ damage if not treated properly. Educational intervention is necessary from health-care providers such as pharmacists to prevent or reduce organ damage and complications among the diabetic patients. Several studies have demonstrated the contribution of pharmacists in achieving a better control of diabetes mellitus. Thus, this study intended to assess the knowledge and practice regarding foot care among Libyan diabetic patients in Al-Bayda city. In addition, to determine the association between knowledge and practice regarding diabetic foot care with selected demographic variables. This is a cross sectional study conducted at Diabetes Center Aljabal Al akhdar in Al-Bayda between April and August, 2022. A total of 400 participants with diabetes were enrolled and interviewed by using a self-design questionnaire for knowledge and practice of foot care after taking verbal agreement. Data was analyzed by using SPSS software version 26.0. In this study, 191 subjects were male (47.8%) and 209 subjects (52.3%) were female. On the topic of foot care, 51.8% of the participants stated they did know how to perform correct foot hygiene and 33.5% stated that drying should consist of passing a towel between their toes. Female subjects statistically had more knowledge than male subjects on the right footwear and correct way of nail cutting (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). In relation to practice, the frequency of patients with a good practice was 126 (31.5%) and with poor practice was 274 (68.5%). Evaluating the parameters dry, moisturize and nail cutting, women showed a significant difference in relation to men, with a high significance level in the three parameters. In conclusion, the knowledge and practice of foot care in Libyan patients with diabetes were poor. So, an educational program is recommended to improve the awareness of foot care. Diabetic patients should be provided information about self-care of their feet by health care providers such as pharmacists to prevent and delay onset of foot complications and improve the quality of life.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences