The chosen organisation for this research work is Primark. Primark is a renowned fashion retailer operating in the global markets today. The organisation is known for its latest fashion products (Azad, 2018). Primark has been selected because it is a famous brand in the global market and has an okay -developed marketing department. Marketing is one of the most critical areas of an organisation. This is mainly because this area helps plan and implement strategies that can enhance an organisation’s sales, profits, and market share. Moreover, marketing can also ensure that customer satisfaction is high, and the positive relationships are maintained with all individuals and parties that are directly or indirectly associated with an organisation. The marketing mix of an organisation comprises of several strategies that can enhance the value to its customers. Following tasks will further elaborate about marketing and its core concepts -

Zamzam abdelazim

Background: This manuscript presents an audit focused on assessing the extent of drug wastage and associated costs linked to the disposal of unused intravenous agents within the operating theatres of a tertiary care hospital. The study aims to carefully look at drug wastage, figure out why it happens, and propose strategies for optimizing resource utilization and cost-efficiency in clinical settings. Materials and Methods: This audit is a prospective observational study carried out in a tertiary care hospital. The amount of drug loaded preoperatively, the amount of drug utilized, the amount of drug unutilized and discarded, the total quantity of drug wasted, and the cost related to the wastage were calculated in percentage. Results: The maximum wastage of loaded drugs was seen with atropine (100%), followed by ephedrine (93.6%), propofol (52.5%), phenylephrine (35.2%), atracurium (28.6%), dexmedetomidine (27.8%), fentanyl (16.8%), vecuronium (16.2%) and morphine (6.4%). The cost analysis revealed that 36.3% of the total loaded drugs were wasted amounting to Rs.46903.54. The cost of wastage of propofol was maximum with Rs.14006 which is 29.8% of total cost wastage followed by atracurium 21%(Rs.9856), dexmedetomidine 18.4%(Rs.8687.5), ephedrine 14.7%(Rs.6919), phenylephrine 10.4%(Rs.4910), fentanyl 3.7%(Rs.1780), atropine 1.9% (Rs.906), vecuronium 1.2% (Rs.563.76), Morphine 0.18% (Rs.85.28). Conclusion: In our audit, the maximum drug wastage was observed with atropine (100%) amounting to Rs.906, and the cost of wastage was maximum with propofol amounting to Rs.14006 which was 29.8% of the total cost of wastage. Our audit underscores the importance of proactive management of drug wastage and disposal costs in healthcare settings, particularly within operating theatres where intravenous agents play a crucial role in patient treatment. By conducting a comprehensive audit and proposing targeted interventions, healthcare institutions can optimize resource utilization, enhance sustainability, and ultimately improve patient outcomes.

Kamal singh

In this article, we establish the exact wave solutions of the Boussinesq equation and the (2 + 1)-dimensional extended shallow water wave equation by applying the new generalized (G'/G)-expansion method. When the condition of the fluid is such that the horizontal length scale is much greater than the vertical length scale, the shallow water equations are mostly suitable. In Ocean engineering, Boussinesq-type equations are commonly used in computer simulations for the model of water waves in shallow seas and harbors. We explained the new generalized (G'/G)-expansion method to seek further general traveling wave solutions of the above mentioned equations. The traveling wave solutions attained by this method are exposed in terms of hyperbolic, trigonometric and rational functions. The shape of the obtained solutions are bell shaped soliton, kink soliton, singular kink soliton, singular soliton, singular periodic solution and compaction. This method is very influential mathematical tool for extracting exact solutions of NLEEs which frequently arise in mathematical physics, engineering sciences and many scientific real world application fields.

Md khorshed alam

Background: Unexplained infertility is a frustrating diagnosis both for the patient and the clinician, with a prevalence of 16%-37%. It commonly refers to a ‘diagnosis’ made when tubal, ovulatory and husband factors are ruled out. A couple is usually referred for evaluation after 1 year of unsuccessful trials of conception with unprotected intercourse in the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle. Unani formulation comprises of baikh asgand (Withania somnifera Dunal), baikh piyabansa (Barleria prionitis Linn), gule dhawa (Anogeissus latifolia) and gule nilofar (Nymphaea alba Linn) were used for the treatment of uqr, possessing the properties of muqawwi rahim, moaene hamal, moallide mani, etc. Case presentation: A married couple (22 years female partner & 26 years male partner) presented to NIUM Hospital OPD, with chief complaint of failure to conceive since 5 years. The couple report a high degree of stress related to their lack of success. Investigations were carried to check for tubal patency, ovulatory function and semen analysis. Diagnosis of unexplained infertility was made after thorough evaluation of the case. The powder of above mentioned formulation was given 6g twice a day orally with milk from 5th day of cycle for 5 days. Patient got conceived after taking treatment for two consecutive cycles. Discussion: Here we report evidence based management with Unani medicine to help combat the significant physical, psychosocial and economic toll on couples. Keywords: Unexplained infertility; Primary infertility; Uqr; Muqawwi rahim; Moaene hamal; Moallide mani; Unani medicin

Dr ismath shameem

NIRS is an advanced, fast, reliable, and non-destructive technique that is extensively used in the chemical, food, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries for rapid and reliable standardization. NIRS of Cicer arietinum L. Desi and Kabuli variety seed flours were performed to evaluate secondary metabolites qualitatively. The principal suggested compounds in Cicer arietinum Desi and Kabuli variety were found as adenine, biochanin-A, biochanin-B, biochanin A 7-O- β -D-glucoside, calycosin, cerebroside, choline, ciceritol, citric acid, daidzein, fructose, garbanzol, genistein, glucose, inositol, isoliquiritigen, liquiritigenin, methyl tetracosanoate, ononin, pyrimidine, saccharose, sissotrin, stigmasterol, trifolirhizin. β- amyrin and β-sitosterol. These compounds' presence justifies using Cicer arietinum as a nutritional food and tonic.

Dr. salman ahmed

Background: Poverty and malnutrition are associated with the risk of developing tuberculosis (TB). Nutritional reintegration with anti-TB therapy may improve treatment success rate. Aim: To investigate the nutritional status of low-income pulmonary TB patients in relation to the different anti-TB treatment phases. Methods: Forty five pulmonary TB patients and 40 controls aged 19-54 years, receiving treatment at Infectious Disease Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria, between September 2018 and July 2019 were studied. Serum total protein, albumin, iron and vitamin A were determined by colorimetric and HPLC methods respectively. Height and weight were measured and BMI computed, and data analysed using Student’s t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation at P<0 P=0.001).>0.05) respectively. Albumin and iron were significantly lower in CPAT-HIV compared with CPAT patients. Albumin correlated positively and significantly with iron (r=0.405, p=0.006) in TB patients. Conclusion: Tuberculosis is associated with decreased BMI, albumin, iron and vitamin A, and higher total protein, and globulin, suggesting that malnutrition may be associated with TB risk, poor treatment compliance and outcomes

Eworo raymond

Background: Many individuals today use herbs as a drug alongside medicine and non-physician-recommended medications, as herbs are thought to be natural and safe. However, many herbs can potentially interact with other drugs, causing hazardous effects and diminished therapeutic effects of different prescriptions. Objective: It ought to be comprehended that herbal drugs contain multiple active compounds in different percentages, which can change the enzymatic frameworks, transporters, and physiological processes. Methods: Data on pharmacokinetic drug interactions with herbal products were searched using different search engines, such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. Results: This worldwide increment in herbal drug popularity has risen concerning HDIs. These PD or PK interactions are particularly significant for medications. Assessment of herbal drug interactions is complex because of inconsistency in herbal drug composition and frequently meagre information on active constituent pharmacokinetics. These restrictions are further bewildered by the differing points of view concerning herbal product regulation. Conclusion: It is concluded that a basic assessment of certain pharmacokinetic HDI is needed to settle on educated choices regarding patient safety. The expanding comprehension of HDPKI will direct more attention to potential interactions.

Dr. salman ahmed

Background and Objectives: The complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can occur in some organs, such as the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. Stroke, one of such complications, is increasing every year. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for stroke among T2DM patients in Qatar. Methods: This was a secondary post hoc analysis of collected data from our previous study titled “Association of Vitamin D deficiency with dyslipidemia, glycemic control, and microalbuminuria in patients with T2DM in Qatar.” Results: The prevalence of stroke among our patients was 3.8%. A comparison between stroke and no-stroke groups showed a significant association between stroke and other diseases, namely, chronic kidney diseases (CKD) (p=0.007), coronary artery disease (CAD) (p=0.010), peripheral vascular disease (PVD) (p<0.001), retinopathy (p=0.044), prolonged duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) (p=0.041), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (p=0.006), and a high serum creatinine level (p=0.003). In the multivariate analysis, we identified the following variables as independent risk factors for stroke in patients with T2DM: male gender, CKD, CAD, PVD, high HbA1c, a high creatinine level, and prolonged duration of DM. Conclusion: The prevalence of stroke among T2DM patients in Qatar was around 3.8%. The main risk factors were male gender, CKD, CAD, PVD, high HbA1c, prolonged duration of DM, and a high level of creatinine.

Karishma

Nanomaterials have been widely used in many fields in the last decades, including electronics, biomedicine, cosmetics, food processing, buildings, and aeronautics. The application of these nanomaterials in the medical field could improve diagnosis, treatment, and prevention techniques. Graphene oxide (GO), an oxidized derivative of graphene, is currently used in biotechnology and medicine for cancer treatment, drug delivery, and cellular imaging. Also, GO is characterized by various physicochemical properties, including nanoscale size, high surface area, and electrical charge. However, the toxic effect of GO on living cells and organs is a limiting factor that limits its use in the medical field. Recently, numerous studies have evaluated the biocompatibility and toxicity of GO in vivo and in vitro. In general, the severity of this nanomaterial’s toxic effects varies according to the administration route, the dose to be administered, the method of GO synthesis, and its physicochemical properties. This review brings together studies on the method of synthesis and structure of GO, characterization techniques, and physicochemical properties. Also, we rely on the toxicity of GO in cellular models and biological systems. Moreover, we mention the general mechanism of its toxicity.

Kamal singh

To test and popularize the Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Barmer-II, Gudamalami, Rajasthan recommended Enhance the Productivity of Ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula L.) Cultivation in Net Trellis System in Barmer District of Rajasthan, On Farm Trials (OFT’s) were conducted during the kharif season of 2019 and 2020 in farmers participatory mode at three locations in Barmer District of Rajasthan. The experiment consisted of two treatments viz., recommended practice (Net trellis system) and farmers practice (Furrow). Net trellis system had significant increase number of picking (13), fruit length (43.33 cm) and fruit weight (210 g) as compared to farmer’s practice (07, 22.67 cm and 101.5 g) during both the year as well as pooled data. The two year average fruit yields of net trellis system have shown doubled production over farmers practice method. Net trellis system was recorded increase yield for 73.57% (138.06 t/ha) as compared to farmers practice (79.54 t/ha) during both the year as well as pooled data. Similarly, the net returns and B:C ratio also revealed that maximum under net trellis system during both the year as well as pooled data Rs 232790 per hectare and 3.36:1 as compared to farmers practice Rs 89913.5 per hectare and 2.30:1. Net trellis system had significant reduce the damage of pest and soil borne diseases and improve the quality of fruits

Dr. babu lal jat

The high density of H-CRAN associated with frequent UE handover may degrade the throughput. The infrastructure equipment like RRHs and BBUs consumes more energy to reduce UE energy consumptions. In this paper, we propose a utility-based joint power control and resource allocation (UJPCRA) algorithm for heterogeneous cloud radio access network (H-CRAN). In this framework, the power consumption of baseband units (BBUs), remote radio heads (RRHs), and macrocell base station (MBS) are estimated by predicting their dynamic loads. The data rate achievable for UE associated with each RRH and MBS on resource block RBk is then estimated. The user wishing to connect to a RRH or MBS then checks the corresponding utility with minimum expected energy consumption and the maximum expected data rate. If any UE with high priority traffic connected to MBS could not achieve its desired data rate requirements, then it can cooperatively seek the assistance of any RRH for assigning the balance RBs. The throughput may be enhanced by the high density of H-CRAN and frequent UE handover. Inter- and intracell interference causes the H-CRAN macrocells’ improved data rate to diminish. To lower UE energy consumption, infrastructure devices like RRHs and BBUs need more energy. As a result, there is a trade-off between operators and UE energy conservation. It is possible to determine the power consumption of BBUs, RRHs, and MBS using predictions of their dynamic loads. The UE may then forecast the data rate for each RRH and MBS on the resource block. When a user wishes to connect to an RRH or MBS, they look at the utility with the highest expected data rate and the least predicted energy usage first. A UE with high priority traffic connected to the MBS can cooperatively ask any RRH for assistance in allocating the remaining RBs if it is unable to achieve its intended data rate needs. Experimental results have shown that the proposed JRAUA algorithm achieves higher throughput, resource utilization, and energy efficiency with reduced packet loss ratio, when compared to the existing techniques.

Dr h shaheen

This article explores how telemedicine, especially with the help of artificial intelligence (AI), is transforming healthcare. It covers its applications in monitoring patients, managing chronic diseases like diabetes, and improving cardiovascular care. The importance of wearable devices and non-invasive blood glucose monitoring is highlighted. The article emphasizes how AI-driven remote patient monitoring can enhance healthcare by providing early intervention, reducing hospitalizations, and offering personalized care.

Dhruvitkumar talati

Smartphones are constantly changing in today's world, and as a result, security has become a major concern. Security is a vital aspect of human life, and in a world where security is lacking, it becomes a concern for mobile users' safety. Malware is one of the most serious security risks to smartphones. Mobile malware attacks are becoming more sophisticated and widespread. Malware authors consider the open-source Android platform to be their preferred target as it came to lead the market. State-of-the-art mobile malware detection solutions in the literature use a variety of metrics and models, making cross-comparison difficult. In this paper various existing methods are compared and a significant effort is made to briefly address android malwares, various methods for detecting android malwares and to give a clear image of the progress of the android platform and various malware detection classifiers.

Jebin bose s

healthcare professionals, and academic achievement is essential for students’ success. However, academic procrastination and mobile phone addiction have been identified as challenges that can negatively impact students’ academic performance. This study aimed to explore the relationships among mobile phone addiction, academic procrastination, and academic accomplishment specifically among nursing students. Method: A correlational research design was applied in this study. A sample of 121 nursing students from Tirupati College of Nursing, Udaipur was recruited using a convenience sampling technique. Validated self-report questionnaires were utilised to assess mobile phone addiction, academic procrastination tendencies, and academic accomplishment. The data were analysed using appropriate statistical methods, including correlation analysis and regression analysis. Results: The results show a positive correlation between mobile phone addiction and academic procrastination among nursing undergraduates. However, there was no significant direct effect of mobile phone addiction on academic accomplishment. The study also identified an adverse association between academic procrastination and academic accomplishment, emphasising the detrimental impact of procrastination on students’ academic performance. Conclusion: The findings suggest that nursing students who experience higher levels of mobile phone addiction may have an increased tendency to procrastinate academically. While mobile phone addiction did not directly impact academic achievement, academic procrastination was found to have a negative influence on academic performance. These results underscore the importance of addressing procrastination tendencies among nursing students to improve their academic success.

Dr k c yadav

“Phyllanthus emblica” known to be amla has role in the skin aging influences the changes in skin, including skin dryness, wrinkle, and irregular pigmentation. Initially the 6 day observation has been taken for the ageing activity to be track to study the TREM2 pathway of “Phyllanthus emblica”. Cellular observation and pathway consideration: The environmental impact of pH, Temperature, Humidity and stability of amla fruits is important for the ageing of cells in neuronal cascade of TREM2 Pathway, while studying the fruits cell cycle. The melanin suppression through inhibition of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-2 activities, the strong antioxidant, and the potent matrix metalloproteinase-2 in cellular observation of tyrosinase pathway. The study aimed to evaluate the anti-skin aging efficacy of amla.

Dr. wahul umesh b

The purpose of this study is to look at development trends and patterns of structural change in India's rural and labour markets. The rural labour strength have been moving from agricultural sector to non-agricultural sector for a living, after a long period of change (due to pain and growth-induced motives). Although the manufacturing sector lags, the building industry is a significant growing sector that employs rural people. Some improvements in rural areas have been made since the implementation of the MGNREGA rural employment development programme, but it has its own set of problems that experts are discussing. Furthermore, the rural labour market is plagued by high unemployment as a result of both the agricultural and non-farm sectors' failure to absorb rural employees. Nonetheless, the continuing COVID-19 epidemic has worsened its situation by causing a job-loss catastrophe. The rural labour market's future will become more unclear as a consequence of Covid pandemic-induced opposite migration of city workers to their villages, which has worsened food security and poverty issues in rural regions.

Dr. amarjeet singh

Tobacco smoking negatively affects the quality of saliva and affects many biological parameters including salivary α-amylase enzyme activity. Salivary α-amylase enzyme is essential for the catabolism of carbohydrates. Forty- five healthy male volunteers aged between 18 and 69 years (40.0 ± 15.0) were divided into two groups, namely, the control group (n = 21) and the cigarette smoker group (n = 24). The effect of smoking on salivary α-amylase enzyme activity depends on the number of smoked cigarettes per day and the type of cigarettes as well as the period for how long the person smoking tobacco cigarettes was investigated. Different methods were used to analyze the activity of salivary α-amylase enzyme including the dinitrosalicylic acid method (standard colorimetric method). The results showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in salivary α-amylase activity in Libyan smokers compared to the non-smokers in the morning and night, also, the findings showed a significant decline in salivary α-amylase activity during the increasing smoking period. The activity of salivary α-amylase in the young age smokers group increases in morning and night compared to the non-smokers group. There is no change in the activity of salivary α-amylase in the middle and older adult groups in the morning and night compared to young smokers group. In conclusion, smoking for a long period time more than 20 cigarettes per day decreases the activity of salivary α-amylase in Libyan subjects.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Globally, approximately 12% of the population is inflicted by various types of urolithiasis. Standard treatments are available to avert and treat urolithiasis, but with significant adverse side effects. Pentacyclic triterpenes represent a group of naturally occurring compounds with immense potential as treatments for kidney stones. This review aims to provide an integrative description of how pentacyclic triterpenes can effectively treat calcium oxalate urolithiasis through various antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition mechanisms. Some pentacylic triterpenes showing promising activities include lupeol, oleanolic acid, betulin, and taraxasterol. Moreover, future perspectives on developing pentacyclic triterpenes in formulations/drugs for urinary stone prevention are highlighted. It is anticipated that compiled information would serve as a scientific baseline to advocate further investigations on the potential of pentacyclic triterpenes in urolithiasis remediation.

Dr. salman ahmed

This study determined the effectiveness of Differentiated Instruction in the reading comprehension level of the Grade-11 senior high school students, school year 2016-2017. Specifically, it aims to determine the reading comprehension level of the control and the experimental groups in the pre test and post-test; identify if there is a significant difference in the reading comprehension level of the control and experimental groups in the pre-test and post-test results; and identify the strengths and weaknesses in using Differentiated Instruction. Quasi-experimental method was employed in conducting the study. The respondents were the 150 Grade-11 students of a public high school grouped as control and experimental using Parallel technique. Data sources include pre-test and post-test scores, gain scores, classroom observation form, survey questionnaire, and researcher's reflective notes. The qualitative data were analysed using template analysis style and the basic approach of comprehending, synthesizing, theorizing and re-contextualizing to identify common themes and integrating thematic pieces. Based on the classroom observations, survey and researcher's reflective notes, strengths and weaknesses of Differentiated Instruction were observed. Despite the observed and encountered challenges, the statistical analysis has revealed a significant difference between pre-test and post-test results.

Darrel ocampo

The goal of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms that underlie heart andskeletal muscle damage in male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g in response to a 3-h exposure to 180 mm Hg(5% O2) in the model of severe hypobaric hypoxia. It has been demonstrated that the level of the cardiac bio-marker troponin I in the blood plasma of rats exposed to severe hypobaric hypoxia for 3 h increased signifi-cantly compared to the control group, indicating myocardial injury. At the same time, the administration ofthe HIF-1α transcription factor inhibitor did not affect the plasma level of troponin I. In contrast, the releaseof the non-specific biomarker myoglobin into the bloodstream did not increase in response to hypoxia com-pared to the control animals. In addition, 24 h after the exposure to severe hypobaric hypoxia the serum myo-globin level was significantly lower in animals administered with the HIF-1α inhibitor topotecan than in ratsthat did not receive topotecan. Therefore, it may be assumed that the inhibition of the HIF-1α transcriptionfactor 10 min before exposure to severe hypobaric hypoxia reduces skeletal muscle damage. The mechanismsthat affect the adaptation of heart and skeletal muscles to hypoxia are discussed.

Даниил Федоров