Urolithiasis is a common worldwide problem with high recurrence. This review covers forty four (44) families starting from alphabet A to L and includes Bignoniaceae (05); Araceae, Burseraceae, Combretaceae (04); Annonaceae, Berberidaceae, Betulaceae, Gentianaceae, Gesneriaceae (03); Aizoaceae, Adiantaceae, Alismataceae, Aristolochiaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Bombacaceae, Cannabaceae, Cyperaceae, Geraniaceae and Iridaceae (02); Acoraceae, Adoxaceae, Armatellaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Araliaceae, Averrhoeaceae, Basellaceae, Begoniaceae, Bromeliaceae, Cactaceae, Calophyllaceae, Campanulaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Caricaceae, Celastraceae, Clusiaceae, Dracaenaceae, Dryopteridaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Grossulariaceae, Hyacinthaceae, Hydrangeaceae, Hypoxidaceae, llecebraceae and Juglandaceae (01) plant used globally in different countries. The plants of three families Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Lamiaceae are revisited to provide updated information. This review will not only be useful for the general public but also attract the scientific world for antiurolithiatic drug discovery.

Dr. salman ahmed

Penggunaan aplikasi smartphoneuntuk memasarkan produk industri rumah tangga telah mendapatkan perhatian yang signifikan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Aplikasi seluler adalah alat yang efektif untuk pengembangan kewirausahaan, khususnya bagi wirausahawan muda, dengan potensi signifikan untuk meningkatkan jangkauan pasar dan keterlibatan pelanggan. Pengabdian masyarakat ini berlangsung di Rumah Rahpia, sebuah panti asuhan bergaya keluarga yang berperan penting dalam pengasuhandan pengembanganremaja di Medan, Indonesia. Kegiatan penyuluhan dan pendampingan dalam pemasaran produk dilakukan selama 4 bulan mulai dari Maretsampai Juni2022. Pemberdayaan generasi muda di panti asuhan dengan keterampilan kewirausahaan diyakini dapat berkontribusi terhadap pengembangan pribadi dan kesuksesan masa depan mereka. Selain itu, menumbuhkan kewirausahaan pada usia muda dapat membantu mereka membangun jalur karier yang realistis dan beradaptasi dengan tren global. Oleh karena itu, mendidik generasi muda di panti asuhan tidak hanya membekalimereka dengan keterampilan dan pengetahuan penting namun juga berkontribusi terhadap kesejahteraan dan prospek mereka secara keseluruhan. Melalui hasil wawancara dengan peserta menunjukkan bahwa penjualan produk meningkat dengan kualitas produk lebih baiksetelah dilakukannya kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini.

L

With 450 questionnaires, the authors used SPSS software to analyze and found that the researched factors all had a positive impact on the development of community tourism services in Ha Giang province. In particular, the degree of influence on the development of CBT services in Ha Giang province in the order of importance is as follows: The level of organization and management of the tourism industry (QL), The participation of the community in the development of community tourism (TG), Tourism Resources (TN), Infrastructure Development (HT), Human Resource Training Development (NL). This result is the basis for us to choose appropriate solutions to improve the quality of community tourism services in Ha Giang province in the future.

International journal of business and social science research

In this paper, an approach for formulation of generalized field data based model for cylinder head moulding operation. The aim of field data based modeling for cylinder head moulding operation is to improve the output by correcting or modifying the inputs. The goal of the research is to reduce human energy input required while performing cylinder head moulding operation. With the reduction in human energy input, automatically, the productivity of the process will also increase. The study identifies important ergonomic and other work environment related parameters which affect productivity. The identified parameters are properties of sand, physical dimensions of tools, energy outflow of workers, anthropometric data of the workers, working conditions like relative humidity, ambient temperature. Out of all the variables, responses and causes are identified. After dimensional analysis relationship between the dependent and independent parameters, a mathematical model is established having a relationship between output parameters and input. To get the optimized values model is optimized using the optimization technique. Sensitivity analysis is a tool which can be used to find out the effect of input one parameter over the other. The model will be useful for an industrialist to select optimized inputs so as to get targeted responses.

Rahul bachute

This article explores how telemedicine, especially with the help of artificial intelligence (AI), is transforming healthcare. It covers its applications in monitoring patients, managing chronic diseases like diabetes, and improving cardiovascular care. The importance of wearable devices and non-invasive blood glucose monitoring is highlighted. The article emphasizes how AI-driven remote patient monitoring can enhance healthcare by providing early intervention, reducing hospitalizations, and offering personalized care.

Dhruvitkumar talati

Implementation of Statistical Process Control (SPC) techniques in food and beverage industry are crucial to deliver consumable product that meets customer expectations. This study investigated industrial pH forecasting and process stability in a syrup manufacturing facility. We analyzed 1,247 pH observations with three objectives: (1) Quantify instability via control charts, (2) Model pH dynamics using Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) and Classification And Regression Trees (CART), and (3) Develop diagnostic frameworks for unstable processes. Methodologically, Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) charts assessed stability; Box-Cox transformed SARIMA (λ=2) with seasonal differencing was used for forecasting; CART identified variable importance. Control charts revealed profound instability: 83.3% of points violated 3σ limits; run tests significant (p<0.001). For SARIMA, (1,0,1)(0,1,1)₁₂ achieved significant parameters (p<0.0001) with improved residual diagnostics versus non-seasonal ARIMA, though minor autocorrelation remained at lag 12 (p=0.003). CART explained training R²=18.86% and test R²=17.93% of pH variation, identifying filling weight and sodium benzoate as key predictors. Crucially, this study demonstrates that forecasting retains diagnostic utility even in unstable environments: SARIMA residuals provide seasonal fingerprints of assignable causes, while CART thresholds guide intervention priorities. SARIMA(1,0,1)(0,1,1)₁₂ demonstrated superior residual properties: eliminated back forecast warnings (present in ARIMA), reduced autocorrelation at lag 24 (p=0.017 vs 0.040), and explicitly modeled 12-period seasonality. While process instability persists, SARIMA provides diagnostic fingerprints of assignable causes through seasonal parameters (SMA₁₂=0.9846, T=513.12) and residual patterns. We conclude that SARIMA offers enhanced short-term forecasting capability, but process intervention remains essential for reliability. The study advocates for integrated instability-informed forecasting combining SARIMA diagnostics, real-time control charts, and expanded sensor deployment.

Mostafa eissa

Recently, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been deployed for a wide variety of applications, including military sensing and tracking, patient status monitoring, traffic flow monitoring, where sensory devices often move between different locations. Securing data and communications requires suitable encryption key protocols. In this paper, we propose a certificateless-effective key management (CL-EKM) protocol for secure communication in dynamic WSNs characterized by node mobility. The CL-EKM supports efficient key updates when a node leaves or joins a cluster and ensures forward and backward key secrecy. The protocol also supports efficient key revocation for compromised nodes and minimizes the impact of a node compromise on the security of other communication links. A security analysis of our scheme shows that our protocol is effective in defending against various attacks.We implement CL-EKM in Contiki OS and simulate it using Cooja simulator to assess its time, energy, communication, and memory performance.

Dr h shaheen

Communication is not always direct; it often involves nuanced elements like humor, irony, and sarcasm. This study introduces a novel two-level approach for sarcasm detection, leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are crucial for many deep learning applications, yet their deployment on IoT devices is challenged by resource constraints and the need for low latency, particularly in on-device training. Traditional methods of deploying large CNN models on these devices often lead to suboptimal performance and increased energy consumption. To address this, our paper proposes an energy-efficient CNN design by optimising batch normalisation operations. Batch normalisation is vital for deep learning, aiding in faster convergence and stabilising gradient flow, but there has been limited research on creating energy-efficient and lightweight CNNs with optimised batch normalisation. This study proposes a 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) optimisation technique for batch normalization. This technique introduces an energy-efficient CNN architecture. We investigate the use of batch normalization optimization to streamline memory usage and computational complexity, aiming to uphold or improve model performance on CPU-based systems. Additionally, we evaluate its effectiveness across diverse datasets, focusing on energy efficiency and adaptability in different settings. Furthermore, we analyze how batch normalization influences the performance and effectiveness of activation functions and pooling layers in neural network designs. Our results highlight batch normalization's ability to enhance computational efficiency, particularly on devices with limited resources.

Jiby mariya jose

Alternative Learning System (ALS) has been adopted in Philippine basic education, yet there is no academic institution in the region prepares ALS teachers in teaching life skills. ALS teachers graduated from different programs of teacher education for formal education. In response, an extension project was conceptualized and implemented to enhance the teaching capacity and effectiveness of ALS teachers. Case study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the project. It explored the transfer of life skills among ALS teachers. Data were collected from multiple sources. Interview and written responses, and feedback were analyzed using thematic narrative analysis. Other data were analyzed using document and descriptive analyses. The project had achieved its objectives and rated best by participants. These indicate that the project was implemented effectively and successfully. ALS teachers have acquired life skills and transferred them to others. Thus, the project has made a difference in the lives of these teachers.

Manuel caingcoy

Crinum jagus, family- Amaryllidaceae, commonly called river lily is an important medicinal plant used in the treatment of cough. It is an anti-venom agent used among the rural people in south-western Nigeria. The research is aimed to investigate the phytochemical constituents and analgesic activity of Cinium jagus bulb in BALB/c mice. The bulb was extracted with methanol in a soxhlet extractor apparatus. Phytochemical screening was performed according to standard methods. Alkaloid fraction was obtained using separation by extraction and characterized by infra-red (I.R) analysis. Acute toxicity test was done before analgesic activity was determined in BALB/c albino mice using the hot plate model. The result indicated the presence of some bioactive constituents like alkaloids, terpenoids and saponin. I.R bands were observed at 1064.74 cm 1 (C-O) stretch of alcohol; 1415.80 cm-1 (C-H) bend of alkyl groups and 1639.55 cm-1 (N-H) stretch of amine among others. The extract significantly increased the mean latency time of mice on the hot plate when compared with control with 100 mg/kg at 120 minutes. This study indicates that the Crinum Jagus bulb possesses analgesic potential.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Medical science has grown tremendously at a rapid rate over the recent past. This is especially true in the fields of diagnostics and therapeutics encompassing various diseases of all the systems of the human body including psychosomatic disorders. During the past three to four decades, precision in diagnostics has enormously improved due to invention of multiple imaging modalities such as computerized tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, positron emission tomography scan, ultrasound scanguided studies, CT-guided diagnostic procedures, Doppler studies, arteriography, CT angiography, advanced needle biopsy procedures, histochemistry studies, tumor marker studies, as well as in the ongoing improvements in all diagnostic and therapeutic branches. The surgical advancements due to increasing use of key-hole surgery using scopes such as arthroscope, laparoscope, colonoscope, and bronchoscope have revolutionized the surgical treatments and made surgery safer, less time-consuming, less costly, and less risky with reduced post-operative morbidity. Cardiac catheterization, percutaneous cardiac angiography, angioplasty, and vascular surgery have made the procedures/ surgeries related to the heart and major vessels, much simpler, faster, and safer minimizing the need for big infrastructures or large operative teams.

Karishma

Urolithiasis arises from disturbances in the urinary tract's physicochemical balance and hydrodynamic system. Medicinal plants have been known for millennia and are highly esteemed worldwide as a rich source of therapeutic agents for the prevention of various ailments. A comprehensive literature search of antiurolithiatic plants reported worldwide revealed the family Fabaceae with the highest number of cited species. The members, Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc., Phaseolus lunatus Linn. and Phaseolus vulgaris Linn. have been selected and hidden versatile weapons of their seeds against urolithiasis such as analgesic, antioxidants, astringent, diuretic, emollient, high soluble oxalate contents, insoluble fibers, magnesium, potassium, phytic acid, pyridoxine (vitamin B6), have been discussed on a scientific basis to rationalize the folkloric use.

Dr. salman ahmed

Lytic lesions in adult spine are a common manifestation of aggressive disease such as primary bone tumor, metastasis, myeloma, or infectious pathology. Xanthoma arising in the spine with purely intraosseous component is an extremely rare occurrence with only six cases reported in the adult population, none in the cervical region. We report the first case of primary xanthoma of the cervical spine in a 50‑year‑old male solely confined to osseous compartment. The imaging mimics of lytic lesion with expansile mass in adult spine are reiterated.

Adnan

Abstract Higher education in India is always a socio-political way and a powerful engine of social mobility. It adds to the benefits to society as more people earning Higher Education credentials. It is proven that college graduates earn more. They are less likely to be unemployed. They are more likely to vote, more likely to volunteer, and more likely to maintain good health. India as a Globalised and developing nation has been little systematically progressing on the educational front since its independence. The government is making progress in reaching out to all the classes of its society. The improvement in the country’s economic front has resulted in the upscaling of communication technology. The advent of the internet, have vastly leveraged the promotion of education across all verticals. But at the same time, the idea of Equity and Equality needs to be redefined in the present context of the newly established notion of ‘Inclusivity’. This paper deliberates on the various ideas and approaches of Higher Education in India on ‘Inclusivity’ in general and Equity and Equality in particular.

Dr. preeti oza

The Gantt chart below presents the activities that must be done to complete the project related to the creation of the company's management information system. The total project duration is three months, and it can be seen that the timeline reflects this target.

Zamzam abdelazim

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept with many definitions and practices. The way it is understood and implemented differs greatly for each company and country. Moreover, CSR is a very broad concept that addresses many and various topics such as human rights, corporate governance, health and safety, environmental effects, working conditions and contribution to economic development. Whatever the definition is, the purpose of CSR is to drive change towards sustainability. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is now seen as an integral part of corporate strategy. The main purpose of the study is to analyze the corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities carried out by Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL). An empirical and analytical study was undertaken whereby the corporate official websites of the companies were analyzed. The most preferred CSR activities were observed to be women empowerment, self-employment, health hygiene and environment. The challenge for the companies is to determine a strong and innovative CSR strategy which should deliver high performance in ethical, environmental and social areas and meet all the stakeholders’ objectives.

Thara s shetty

The establishment of the Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (NJMR) aimed to facilitate the exchange of knowledge among global scholars. Consequently, a thorough examination of NJMR's trajectory toward its objectives became essential. This investigation, conducted through systematic review methods, durations five years and encompasses 164 articles, including one special issue. Throughout this period, the journal exhibited growing interest across diverse areas of study, although a notable observation was the limited citations in many articles. The majority of contributions came from scholars in Nepal and India, covering a wide range of subjects. Notably, Tribhuvan University emerged as a leading contributor, particularly in the areas of software development and cultural practices, which received more citations. The predominant focus of the journal was on quantitative research; however, there is a recognized need to acknowledge and emphasize the value of qualitative findings. To enhance its academic standing, the Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research [NJMR] could benefit from increased global awareness, engagement, and a more balanced approach to research methods. Gaining wider acceptance may involve fostering international collaboration and ensuring a more comprehensive representation of qualitative research within its publications. By addressing these aspects, the journal has the potential to elevate its academic impact and contribute more substantially to the global scholarly community.

Dr dasarath neupane

Corona virus pandemic has swept a major section of the world population. In terms of infectivity it�s higher than any pandemic in the recent past. Corona virus, a member of the family Coronaviridae, spread from bat to human through an intermediate host pangolin. It has lower mortality rate than the previous pandemics in last 100 years such as Spanish Flu(1918-20),Asian Flu (1957-58), SARS Corona virus (SARS-Cov) (2003), H1N1 Swine Flu Pandemic(2009-10), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) (2012), West African Ebola (2014-16) etc. Research shows Covid spike attaches ACE2 receptor; it leads to a release of cytokine into the blood capillaries near the alveoli and may ultimately turn into pneumonia. The alveoli get collapsed leading ARDF. The pulmonary inflammation proceeds to systemic inflammation that causes multiple organ failure. Drug like Chloroquine, Lopinavir/ritonavir, and Remdesivir may halt the spread of the virus in the body. Antipyretic is prescribed to reduce the temperature. This article comprises of detail mechanism of the dreadful disease along with its diagnosis and proposed treatment. This exploratory study mainly designed to generate awareness and provide information to the individuals who want to know the A to Z of Covid in nutshell. This article may create a pathway to number of upcoming scientific researches and may attract them to work on this field to enhance the probability of inventing appropriate vaccine and medicine to fight against this contagious disease and to win the battle against this Global Pandemic.

Dipa mitra

Infectious bronchitis (IB) is one of the most common highly infectious viral respiratory diseases of poultry having wide geographical distribution. Yet, little is known about the infection in the northwestern states of Nigeria. In this study, a total of 263 pooled cloacal and tracheal swab samples were collected from apparently healthy avian species (duck, dove, geese, guinea fowl, local chicken, ostrich, parrot, pigeon, peacock, and turkey). The samples were from nine live bird markets in three states (Kaduna, Kano and Jigawa) of northwestern, Nigeria collected from September through November 2017. Total RNAs were extracted directly from the swab samples and screened for infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. An overall prevalence of 38.0% (100/263) was recorded. IB was detected in 70 % (7/10) of the avian species with prevalence of 100 % in dove, local chicken 45.9 %, duck 42.3 %, geese 26.6 %, pigeon 23.5 %, turkey 20.0 % and guinea fowl 6.2 %. Conversely, no detection was made from ostrich, parrot, and peacock. Widespread distribution of IBV was observed and evidence of subclinical infection in seven out of ten (70 %) of the avian species sampled. These avian species harbouring IBV may act as reservoirs with an influence on the ecology and epidemiology of the disease. Continuous surveillance and characterization of the different serotypes in avian species are recommended to inform the adoption of suitable vaccination strategy and control measures for the disease in Nigeria.

Bitrus inuwa

This paper found that 35% of Adivasis have health problems, and 73% said that they are getting treatment with RMP. 87% have toilet facility and more than 12% still defecate openly. 18.3% said that they faced different problems at open defecation, and 50% of women not using sanitary napkins. Nearly 90% of respondents wash their hands after toilets and coming from outside of the home. Ten per cent of respondents said that they do not have an awareness of sanitation. Therefore, the study confirmed that the sanitation facilities considerably made the women's dignity and quality of life better in the study area. Moreover, four case studies also focused on open defecation problems in the study area.

B suresh lal