This research work aimed to evaluate the effects of thermal processing treatments on the nutrient anti-nutrient composition of Afzelia africana (Akparata) flour. The seeds were sorted, cleaned and processed into boiled, roasted and autoclaved lima bean flours. The flours obtained were analysed for proximate, vitamin and anti-nutrient contents using standard methods. The proximate composition of the samples revealed that the flours had a range of moisture, 8.23-12.40%, crude protein, 15.98-25.95%, fat, 21.00-28.21%, ash, 1.34-2.89%, crude fibre, 2.00-3.45%, carbohydrate, 38.68-49.33%, and energy 424.13 – 482.37kJ/100g, respectively. The vitamin contents of the flours showed that the samples contained 0.02±0.00 - 0.08±0.00mg/100g riboflavin, 0.78 - 1.98 mg/100g niacin, 0.40 - 0.89 mg/100g thiamine, 120.40-234.70mg/100g vitamin A, 72.11-134.19mg/100g ascorbic acid, 09.67-17.65mg/100g vitamin E, 310.60-430.60mg/100g B6, 3.47-5.87mg/100g B12, respectively. The result of the anti-nutrient composition of the flours also showed that the phytate, tannin, oxalate, cyanogenic glycosides, protease inhibitors, haemagglutinins inhibitors, levels of the samples were significantly (p<0.05) reduced by roasting and boiling treatments compared to the sample processed by autoclaving. In addition, the saponin content of the flours was relatively higher in boiled sample than in roasted and autoclaved flours. However, the nutrient and anti-nutrient contents of the flours observed that the flours have the potentials to be used as nutritional supplements in the preparation of a variety of food products than the raw sample.

Okechukwu obed chukwuemeka

We present a series of large-eddy simulations to systematically investigate the impact of debris accumulation on the hydrodynamics and power production of a utility-scale marine hydrokinetic (MHK) turbine under various debris loads lodged on the upstream face of the turbine tower. The turbine blades are modeled using turbine resolving, actuator line, and actuator surface methods. Moreover, the influence of debris on the flow field is captured by directly resolving individual logs and employing a novel debris model. Analyzing the hydrodynamics effects of various debris accumulations, we show that an increase in the density of debris accumulation leads to more flow bypassing beneath the turbine blade. This, in turn, reduces the flow momentum that reaches the MHK blades at the lower depths, inducing significant fluctuation in power production. Further, it is shown that debris-induced turbulent fluctuations contribute to significant variability in the MHK turbine’s power production.

Hossein seyedzadeh

Yield Analysis of Maize Hybrids Lenient to Turcicum Leaf Blight Disease in Southern Districts of Karnataka

Veerabhadraswamy al

Schizophrenia is treated with antipsychotic drugs and is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorders. The influence of antipsychotics on the cytokine systems may be responsible for their clinical efficacy in schizophrenia. Granulocytopenia and agranulocytosis are severe side effects of antipsychotic therapy. The objective of this study was to estimate incidence of drug-associated agranulocytosis in newly diagnosed schizophrenic patients in and to evaluate the risk factors and outcomes. Seven participants groups were designed. Healthy persons as control. Schizophrenic patients before treatment. Schizophrenic patients after one-month of treatment. Schizophrenic patients after two - month of treatment. Schizophrenic patients after three - month of treatment. Schizophrenic patients after chronic treatments. Schizophrenic patients one month after chronic treatment. This study included screening for the expression and function of circulating leukocyte granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor, screening of patient's biochemistry and haematology picture. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression was decreased after antipsychotic treatment for one month and continued to decrease after two months' treatment. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression starts to increase after the two-month treatment and continues increasing to controls or newly diagnosed schizophrenics or after chronic treatment. Complete blood counts were not changed compared. Liver function showed a transient increase in serum alkaline phosphatase after one and two month of treatment. All other parameters were not changed. Kidney function showed that urea and creatinine levels were within the normal range during the different treatments. Concerning lipid profile, low density lipoproteins levels were increased after one month, two months of treatment and after chronic administration of the antipsychotic drugs. It is concluded that antipsychotic treatment produces a decrease in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression; the decrease reach the maximum effect after two months, then starts to increase back to normal levels. A transient increase in serum alkaline phosphatase in the first two months' treatment. Urea and creatinine levels and lipid profile were within normal range, except low density lipoproteins levels were increased during the two months treatment and after chronic administration of the antipsychotic drugs.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Conservation agricultural (CA) practices prove to be beneficial in terms of resource utilization and maintenance of soil health. Rice-Wheat cropping system (RWCS) is the majorcropping system in Indo-Gangetic plains of India. CA practices are becoming popular in this cropping system as sustainable agricultural management practices. Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are important primary nutrients and are required for crop growth. A field experiment was conducted during the period of 2015-2017 at Taraori village of Karnal district in Haryanato study the effects of conservation agricultural practices on P and K availability as well as uptake in rice-wheat cropping system. The experiment comprised of four treatments i.e. Transplanted rice + Conventionally tilled wheat (T1), Direct seeded rice + Zero tilled wheat with residue retention (T2), Transplanted rice + Zero tilled wheat (T3) and Transplanted rice + Zero tilled wheat with residue retention (T4). Results showed that P uptake was highest in T4 treatment in wheat crop. P uptake in rice was highest in T4 treatment while direct seeded rice (T2) showed lowest P uptake. CA practices also increased K uptake in both the crops. Practicing zero tillage in wheat increased the availability of soil phosphorus as compared to conventionally tilled treatment with highest value (34 kg ha-1) recorded in T3 treatment. But direct seeded rice soil showed lower values of soil available P. Similar to phosphorus, available potassium of soil also increased in all treatments. Highestvalue (341.5 kg ha-1) of available K was recorded in T4 treatment while it was minimum (307.2 kg ha-1) in T1. Residue incorporation in soil led to more availabilityof K in T2 and T4 treatment. This study features the significance of conservation agricultural practices over conventional practices in terms of increasing the uptake and availability phosphorus and potassium in soil. Key words : Conservation agriculture,

Dr.renu dhupper

This study aims to explore the impact of Employee Service Innovation Behavior (ESIB) on New Service Development (NSD) among hotels’ employees. A research model was proposed in which one hypothesis was developed. The empirical data were collected from employees who are working in four- and five-star hotels in Jordan. A total of 332 questionnaires were returned and the data were analyzed using a single regression to determine the relationship between ESIB and NSD. The results supported the proposed model that there is a significant relationship between ESIB and NSD, and it also found that service innovation performance is exited in the hotel industry. The theoretical and managerial implications were drawn based on the study findings, and recommendations for future researchers were made, and limitations and conclusions are discussed.

Mukhles m. al-ababneh

Vehicular adhoc structures (VANETs) handle the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) and Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs) for their security. In any PKI structure, the check of a got message is performed by checking if the check of the sender is joined into the current CRL, Verifying the reliability of the certification and standard for the sender. In this paper, it has been propose a Vehicular Digital Hash Gen show up (VDHG) for VANETs, which replaces the dull CRL checking process by a profitable revoking checking process. The renouncing check process in VDHG uses a Private Key Infrastructure (PKI), where the key used in finding the VDHG is shared particularly between On-Board Units (OBUs). In like manner, VDHG uses a novel probabilistic key stream, which extras with OBUs to trade and revive an issue key. VDHG can on a very basic level lessen the data torment in light of the message declaration deferral pulled back and the standard assistance structures using CRL

Dr h shaheen

The current study was designed to explore the antiemetic effect of the methanolic extracts of Acalypha fimbriata Schumach. & Thonn., Acalypha ornata Hochst., and Acalypha wilkesiana cv. godseffiana Muell Arg., aerial parts using chick emesis model to validate their folk use in G.I. disorders. Emesis was induced by the oral administration of copper sulfate to male chicks. All the extracts (150 mg/kg orally) showed an antiemetic effect and were compared with the reference drug chlorpromazine. Among all the extracts, Acalypha ornata Hochst., leaves extract showed the highest (94.51%) and Acalypha fimbriata Schumach. & Thonn., stem extract showed the lowest (35.04%) antiemetic effect.

Dr. salman ahmed

COVID-19 is associate communicable disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. It's currently a virulent disease unfold moving several countries globally. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and practices of COVID-19 among general public at the selected setting, Chennai. The main objective was to assess the knowledge and practice on COVID-19, correlate the knowledge with practice on COVID-19, and associate the knowledge and practice on COVID-19 with the demographic variables among the public. A Quantitative non-experimental analysis style was used to assess the knowledge and practice of COVID-19. Sixty individuals were chosen through the non-probability convenience sampling technique. The findings of the analysis disclosed that the majority (40%) of the samples had a high level of knowledge and 43.3% of them had a good practice, 33.3% of them had a moderate level of knowledge and 30% of them had moderate practice, whereas 26.7% of them had a low level of knowledge and 26.7% of them had poor practice on COVID 19. Keywords:- COVID-19, Knowledge, Practice, Pandemic, General Public.

Elsi queen

Rural Self Employment Training Institutes (RSETIs) functions as a structural framework for skill development & entrepreneurship development training laid down by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India in the year 2009. The concept of RSETI is bagged from the RUDSETIs (Rural Development & Self Employment Training Institutes), the brain child of Dr. D. Veerendra Heggade. RSETIs have 65 approved courses as per National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF) under which they offer different types of Entrepreneurship Development Programme (EDP). All the programmes are short term residential training with 2 (two) years hand holding support. State Level Bankers Committee data revealed that through the RSETI training, huge number of unemployed youths started their own enterprise with or without bank finance and also getting the scopes of Self-employment. This particular study took a humble effort to publicize the role of TGB-RSETI in Tripura in respect to unemployment reduction through entrepreneurship development. The entire study is based on secondary data (2009-10 to 2022-23) retrieved from SBLC, Tripura website data.

Md. abdur rahman choudhury

Gingivitis, a reversible inflammation of the gums leads to an advancement to periodontitis, a more severe and often irreversible stage characterized by the destruction of connective tissue and bone, potentially leading to tooth loss. This study was designed to develop and evaluate muco-adhesive buccal films containing metronidazole for localized treatment of periodontal disease, aiming to reduce systemic side effects and improve therapeutic efficacy. Thin films were prepared using chitosan as the primary polymer, combined with various copolymers (HPMC, MC, EC, PVP, HPC, and Carbopol) via the solvent casting technique. Thirteen formulations (F1-F13) were investigated for their ability to control the in vitro drug release, surface pH, folding endurance, drug content uniformity, and muco-adhesion, in addition to studying drug release kinetics. Formulations F12 (60.0% HPMC, 20.0% chitosan) and F13 (20.0% HPMC, 60.0% chitosan) showed optimal surface pH (≈6.7-7.0) with high muco-adhesion characteristics (49-51 Mn/m). Sustaining or expediting the drug release rate was manipulated by tailoring the polymer composition within the studied formulations. Examining drug release data has shown that the release kinetics followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, indicating diffusion and polymer relaxation mechanisms. The study demonstrates that polymer selection, in addition to the chosen ratio allows customization of release kinetics, Formulation F9 (20.0% HPC, 60.0% Chitosan) was proven to have the ability to provide the most sustained release characteristics. These findings support the potential of chitosan-based muco-adhesive films as effective localized delivery systems for metronidazole in periodontal therapy.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

The international opioid crisis highlights the important role of pharmacists in prevention, using their availability and drug knowledge to prevent abuse. In this study, the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Mangalore pharmacists towards preventing opioid abuse were assessed. From February to March 2025, a cross-sectional survey was done among 203 pharmacists aged 18-46 years in Mangalore using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, and thematic analysis of qualitative feedback. Pharmacists showed high knowledge, with 93.6% identifying opioids' mechanism as binding to CNS receptors correctly, 78.8% identifying naloxone's role in reversing overdose, and 70.0% knowing prescription drug monitoring programs' usefulness. Attitudes were optimistic, with 92.6% considering patient education a primary responsibility, 92.1% identifying multiple visits to the pharmacy as misuse, and 93.1% supporting medication-assisted treatment. The practice was active, with 93.1% checking prescription drug monitoring programs for suspected misuse and 69.0% advising take-back programs, but 43.8% associated early refills with misuse. Mangalore pharmacists show strong knowledge, attitudes, and practice against opioid abuse, being very strong in education and medication-assisted treatment support but having voids in misuse detection (for example, recognition of early refill) and naloxone confidence. Stronger training, better prescription drug monitoring program access, and policy adjustments can enhance their role in India's opioid strategy. Pharmacists are presented as front-line champions of opioid misuse prevention in this study, with implications for localized harm reduction.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

For given condition of (temperature and humidity) of suction air, the delivery air condition depends on the system parameters (depth, radius, length and air mass flow rate), thermo physical properties of the surrounding earth (thermal conductivity and specific thermal capacity) and earth surface environment (ambient temperature, ambient humidity and solar irradiance)[1,3].Sensitivity analysis of system performance is essential for understanding the relative importance of different parameters of design of a optimum system [2,5]. For the steady state periodic input air condition and the performance of the system can be measured in terms of heating potential during the winter period and cooling potential during the summer period. Sensitivity of the system performance parameters (heating potential in winter and cooling potential in summer) to the changes in system parameters or thermo physical properties of the surrounding earth has been analysed and the result is present is in this paper.

Dr h shaheen

The present study reveals that the enriched aerobic cultures of indigenous microbes can be used successfully for decolorizing dye effluents. Physico-chemical analysis of dye effluent revealed high load of pollution indicators. Textile dye effluent and contaminated soils were collected and analyzed for selection of suitable bacteria for dye degradation. The residual bacterial load was found to be in the range of 108 cfu/mL. Six bacterial strains viz., two species of Bacillus, two species of Klebsiella,, one species each of Planococcus and Micrococcus luteus were isolated. The best two dye degraders namely species of Planococcus and Bacillus were further optimized for the effect of carbon and nitrogen source, pH, temperature and percentage of inoculum. The optimized conditions for both the isolates of Planococcus sp. and Bacillus sp. were used in bio-decolorization studies of textile effluent. More than 50% of decolorization was achieved within 4 d of incubation. After 6 d of incubation, decolorization was achieved above 80%. The isolates Planococcus sp. and Bacillus sp. exhibited maximum decolorization ability at pH between 5-8 and temperature 37C. Moreover, 10% (v/v) inoculums, glucose and peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources were found to be the optimum for decolorization. Both the isolates showed highest decolorization percentage of Coractive Blue 3R dye effectively during optimization and more interestingly showed consistent decolorization of textile dye throughout the study.

Dr. saranya devi k

Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal. (Papilionaceae) is a medicinally important plant used for treating different diseases, especially dermatological disorders. Alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, and phytic acid have been reported in this plant. Vigna aconitifolia also exhibits antioxidant, antidiabetic, and hypocholesterolemic activities. The present review attempts to compile all the previous data based on its medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology reported in the earlier articles.

Dr. salman ahmed

Anemia is a common health problem among Libyan women. Age, heavy menstruation, and pregnancy are vital risk factors for this problem. In this study, we prospectively examined 60 Libyan women all of which were diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia, their hemoglobin levels were less than 10.0 g/dl. The level of hemoglobin is also analyzed for vegetarian and charcoal-eating women. We found that during pregnancy charcoal-eating women exhibit lower hemoglobin levels than non-eating women. Pregnant young women in the age of 17-27 years have the lowest hemoglobin levels than the other age groups. In addition, vegetarians, heavy coffee and tea drinking, and heavy menstruation in non-pregnant women, as well as breastfeeding, strongly lower hemoglobin levels as measured by their complete blood count.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

The Delhi Declaration of G20 begins by stating that this is a “defining moment in history” and that G20’s decisions today will affect the future of the people and planet. Don’t dismiss this as typical diplomatic hyperbole, for this recognition of the importance of the moment, and the implications for the long-term, is central to understanding India’s historic Before it gets into the substantive elements across domains, the text, agreed upon in entirety by all 20 members, outlines the political, economic and environmental challenges that have engulfed the world. In a clear sign of India’s role in ensuring that the interests of both the global South, which constitute the marginalised within the international order, and the poor and vulnerable who constitute the marginalised within both rich and poor countries, is addressed, the text also lays out clear principles and priorities. The Indian presidency has made it clear that there will be no compromise between fighting poverty and fighting the climate crisis. And themes such as ensuring growth, getting sustainable development goals (SDGs) back on track, battling the climate crisis, preparing for health emergencies, reforming multilateral development banks (MDBs), dealing with the debt crisis, spreading digital public infrastructure (DPI), generating jobs, bridging the gender gap, and giving a voice to the global south dominate the letter and spirit of the document.

Dr gedam kamalakar

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has not been widely investigated in young adults. This study aims to describe the risk factors of ICH with a focus on the possible effect of non-modifiable risk factors, such as genetic factors, to assess the ICH outcomes, and to identify the prognostic factors after ICH among young adult patients. Methods: This prospective and observational study was conducted at two hospitals at Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar, namely Hamad General Hospital and Alkhor Hospital. The study included young patients (16–45 years old) admitted with ICH between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2018. Results: We examined 238 consecutive young patients with ICH consisting of 212 (89.1%) males and 26 (10.9%) females. The mean age was 37.8±6.23 years. The most common risk factor found in 187 (78.6%) patients was hypertension (HTN), while 19 (8.0%) patients had no obvious risk factors (cryptogenic). The primary site of bleeding was cerebral cortex (lobar) in 107 (44.96%) patients and then basal ganglia in 97 (40.76%) patients. The in-hospital mortality was 19 (8.0%); the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale >14 on admission (adjusted OR=2.06; 95% CI=1.448–2.938; p<0.001), Barthel index score ≤40 on admission (adjusted OR=1.09; 95% CI=1.015–1.178; p=0.019), and HTN (adjusted OR=0.075; 95% CI=0.008–0.724; p=0.025) were found to be independent predictors of in-hospital mortality by multivariate analysis. A 1-year follow-up showed mortality in 7 (3.2%) patients and no new events in 139 (63.8%) cases. Conclusion: HTN, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption are important modifiable risk factors for ICH among young patients in Qatar, requiring early identification and treatment to prevent this dangerous type of stroke. In addition, we recommend conducting further studies focusing on the genetic risk factors of ICH among young adults, particularly those with cryptogenic ICH, to identify whether genetic risk factors are involved.

Karishma

This conceptual paper critiques the overgeneralized adoption of hybridity in translation studies, exposing its theoretical circularity, lack of actionable strategies and weak methodological grounding. Although hybridity is often conceptualized as a means of cultural negotiation, its translation-specific application remains underdeveloped. Bhabha’s “third space” metaphor is frequently cited but without translating it into actionable strategies, with existing applications being viewed either as too niche or essentializing cultural binaries. Therefore, the ethical dilemma of striking a balance between source text authenticity and target text accessibility remains unresolved, with actual translation decisions often oscillating between two extremes, either reinforcing or subverting hegemonic structures. To close this gap, this research proposes a dynamic hybrid model which puts practical strategies into action to overcome theoretical limitations of hybridity. The model draws on Joseph Malone’s practical strategies to combine foreignization and domestication in a dynamic framework which enables translators to maintain essential cultural elements while achieving clarity. The model presents a practical hybrid approach to literary translation, one that maintains a balanced harmony between faithfulness and accessibility.

Faisal khalifa

Cyperus esculentus (tiger nut) seed is the parent of many products like flour, milk, starch, and oil. All these share similar and sometimes better properties when compared to similar products obtained from other sources. This study aimed to produce and characterize a cream made from oil extracted from tiger nuts. The proximate analysis was tested by the established methods and data obtained show that tiger nut powder has a moisture content (14.50%), an ash (1.98%), a fat (51.27%), a protein (8.47%), fiber (13.94%) and carbohydrate (9.98%). The oil from the tiger nut was extracted using the hot press method, the tiger nut oil had an 8.00% yield. The oil was used to produce a body cream which was characterized and tested for its antibacterial activity. Its antibacterial activity showed inhibition against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomona aeruginosa. The characterization tests gave results of 1735.80 cP for viscosity, moisture content (1.07%), pH of 6.10, ash (5.11%), volatile matter (94.89%), electrical conductivity (390 µS/cm), spreadability at 30oC was 145.28 g.cm/s, at 35oC was 149.41 g.cm/s and 152.25 g.cm/s at 40oC. The cream was checked for stability and found to be stable at different temperatures. It was checked for allergens and it exhibited some level of allergic reactions. Physicochemical analysis of the golden-brown oil indicated the specific gravity (0.98), density (0.98 g/ml), acid value (1.82 mg/KOH/g), iodine (37.75 mg), peroxide (2.00 meq/kg), saponification (236.32 mg/KOH/g), free fatty acid (0.91%) and refractive index (1.46). The GC-MS analysis identified a total of 22 compounds. Oil, with the major constituents being palmitic acid (13.70%), oleic acid (18.50%), oleamide (31.25%), acexamic acid (4.68%), stearic acid (2.99%), squalene (2.87%) by composition. The study reveals that oil from tiger nut seed is useful when applied in the production of body creams and has possible uses in the production of antibacterial ointments.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences