Background: Exposure to cigarette smoke has been associated with pulmonary and reproductive dysfunctions; inflammatory response, oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in cigarette smoke have been implicated in the pathogenesis of these disorders. The peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), a biomarker of inflammation and oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)), reproductive hormones (testosterone (TST), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)) cotinine and urinary PAH metabolite (1- hydroxypyrene (1-HOP)) were estimated in male active smokers. Methods: One hundred men aged 20-47 years, comprising 50 active male smokers and 50 non-smokers, were randomly recruited into this comparative cross-sectional study. The PEFR was measured using a peak flow meter, serum levels of cotinine, FSH, LH, TST, TNF-α, and urine 8-OHdG by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and 1-HOP by high-performance liquid chromatography. Data analysis was done using a t-test and correlation analysis at p≤0.05. Results: Smokers had significantly higher cotinine (49.73±31.76 versus 0.51±0.69 ng/ml, p≤0.001), 8-OHdG (16.34±12.10 versus 5.79±2.14 ng/ml, p≤0.001) and lower PEFR (309.20±56.05 versus 452.80±45.76 L/min, p≤0.001) and LH (5.75±2.06 versus 6.97±2.79 mIU/ml, p=0.015) compared to non-smokers. Duration of exposure to cigarette smoke correlated positively with cotinine (r=0.937, p≤0.001) and 1-HOP (r=0.813, p≤0.001) while cotinine correlated positively with 1-HOP (r=0.863, p≤0.001) only in smokers. Conclusion: Reduced lung function and luteinizing hormone and concurrent increase in oxidative DNA damage associated with exposure to cigarette smoke may suggest the involvement of PAH-induced DNA damage in the development of pulmonary and reproductive impairment in smokers.

Eworo raymond

The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of pharmacovigilance by healthcare professionals in Benghazi. A structured questionnaire adapted from a previous validated study. One hundred questionnaires were distributed in August 2019 and filled by healthcare providers working at different hospitals in Benghazi, Libya. Participants were 57% physicians and 43% pharmacists (age average 31-40 years). 47% had correctly defined Pharmacovigilance while 19% know what is meant by adverse drug reactions. Moreover, 61% of the participants did not share information about raising adverse drug reactions in some patients with other healthcare professionals. 35% of them did not know about the adverse drug reactions reporting system in Libya. Whereas, 42% have strongly agreed that reporting adverse drug reactions is essential. 41% and 45% of participants believed that reporting adverse drug reactions is not time-consuming and increases patient safety, respectively. In conclusion, educational programs and training courses about the importance of Pharmacovigilance for physicians and pharmacists in Benghazi are needed.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pallas. is used traditionally to treat hypertension and chronic venous insufficiency. The high prevalence of hypertension and the side effects of antihypertensive drugs potentiate us to evaluate Melilotus officinalis. The hypotensive effect of Melilotus officinalis butanol fraction (MOBF) was investigated in anaesthetised normotensive rats. The doses of 60, 80 and 100 mg/kg, i.v., produced a significant (P <0.05) decrease in blood pressure. The statistically non substantial reduction in blood pressure was shown by 20 and 40 mg/kg, i.v. These results suggest that Melilotus officinalis exhibited a hypotensive effect in normotensive rats. However, further evaluation of compound-related activity is required.

Dr. salman ahmed

Background: Glaucoma is a group of disorders that can lead to irreversible vision loss if untreated. It affects individuals across all ages, genders, and ethnicities, with intraocular pressure (IOP) being the only modifiable risk factor. Regional studies highlight variations in the prevalence of glaucoma subtypes, underscoring the need for population-specific data to guide effective prevention and treatment efforts. This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and patterns of glaucoma patients in a tertiary care setting in Bangladesh. Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study, conducted from January to December 2023 at the Glaucoma Department of Deep Eye Care Foundation. A total of 2,172 individuals aged 20 years and above were conveniently selected as the study population. After explaining the study objectives, written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board of the Deep Eye Care Foundation. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), with a P-value of less than 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The study population predominantly consisted of middle-aged and older adults, with a slightly higher proportion of females than males. Most participants were housewives, followed by farmers. A majority resided in rural areas rather than urban, and only a negligible number reported a family history of glaucoma. More than half of the patients presented with reduced visual acuity. The average IOP was nearly similar in both eyes. Most cases showed bilateral involvement of glaucoma. The predominant types of glaucoma were primary angle-closure suspects (PACS) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The main treatment approaches included beta-blockers and laser peripheral iridotomy, while a notable proportion of patients were kept under observation. Conclusions: Bilateral involvement and reduced visual acuity were common, with PACS and POAG being the predominant subtypes. This study offers unique insights into the demographic and clinical profile of glaucoma in rural communities, emphasizing the need for communitybased screening, gender-sensitive eye care, and early detection to reduce visual disability.

Karishma

Patients’ knowledge of hypertension and treatment has been found to affect health outcomes of hypertension. This study aimed to assess the impact of therapeutic patients’ education on knowledge of hypertension and lifestyle/dietary modification among hypertensive patients in Nigeria. The study was conducted among 317 hypertensive patients randomized into controlled and intervention groups (158 vs 159, respectively) between March 2021 and February 2022. Baseline knowledge of the patients was assessed and intervention was provided for the intervention group with a structured educational program at a baseline and six months. Descriptive data were presented with a frequency table in percentage while the chi-square test and univariate logistic regression were used to determine the association between categorical variables. Out of the total number of 318 patients, 275 completed the study (response rate: 86.8%) with 136 in the control group and 139 in the intervention group. The mean age of the patients was 59.5 (±12.5) and patients > 60 years (49.5%) were the most frequent age category. The baseline knowledge score of hypertension was 9.8 (±2.6) and 9.3 (±2.6) on a scale of 16 points in the control group and intervention group, respectively (P = 0.060) while at six months 11.9 (±2.3) vs 10.8 (±2.4) (P < 0.001) and 12 months 12.6 (±2.5) vs 9.5 (±2.0) (P < 0.001), respectively. Knowledge of lifestyle/dietary modification in the control group and intervention group at baseline was 7.0 (±2.1) and 6.6 (±2.0), respectively, while at six months 7.5 (±1.5) vs 9.9 (±1.3) (P < 0.001) and at 12 months 7.2 (±1.5) vs 10.4 (±1.2), respectively. Marital status, body mass index, and family history of hypertension were associated with knowledge of hypertension and lifestyle/dietary modification (P < 0.001). The educational intervention provided was found to be associated with a significant improvement in knowledge of hypertension and lifestyle/dietary modification. The marital status of the patients, body mass index and family history of hypertension influenced patients’ level of knowledge.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

The potential of endemic medicinal plants in Yemen for sustainable pharmaceutical applications is home to a diverse and unique flora, with a significant proportion of endemic and near-endemic species that are traditionally used in folk medicine. This study documents 16 medicinal plant species from Abyan Governorate, Southeastern Yemen, and analyzes their traditional therapeutic uses and the extent to which they have been phytochemically investigated. The majority of these species are used to treat skin diseases, wounds, and burns. However, the findings indicate that 56.3% of these plants have not yet been studied for their active compounds. The Asclepiadaceae family was the most represented among the studied taxa, yet remains largely chemically unexplored. The study emphasizes the importance of preserving ethnobotanical knowledge and recommends future phytochemical screening and pharmacological validation of under-researched species for sustainable use in pharmaceutical development.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Telangana, a rapidly developing state in India, is committed to transforming its higher education landscape to meet the demands of the 21st century. This abstract outlines the key strategies and initiatives being implemented to elevate educational standards and ensure that students receive a world-class learning experience. This paper explores the efforts and strategies implemented to elevate the standards of higher education in Telangana, focusing on the challenges and opportunities encountered in delivering quality education. Over the past decade, Telangana has taken significant steps to enhance its higher education system by improving infrastructure, curriculum, teaching methodologies, and fostering collaborations with national and international institutions. The introduction of state-specific initiatives, such as the Telangana Academy for Skill and Knowledge (TASK), along with reforms in university governance, accreditation processes, and the promotion of research and innovation, has played a crucial role in improving educational outcomes. The paper also delves into the socio-economic impact of these improvements, particularly the increased employability of graduates, their contributions to the local economy, and the role of emerging institutions like Young India Skill University. By addressing both the successes and ongoing challenges, this study aims to provide insights into how quality higher education can be a catalyst for regional development and social mobility in Telangana.

Dr gedam kamalakar

If you already have a research project in mind, the research planning phase must be completed with the formulation of a wellstructured research proposal that must be submitted to an ethics committee for approval before your project can start. Generally, a research proposal contains the following elements: Title, abstract, introduction, objectives, methodology, timeline and milestones, ethical considerations, budget, appendices, and references. Whether you are a medical student or a researcher, knowing how to write a research proposal is an important skill to start any research project. This guide will give you the skills to write a successful research proposal.

Karishma

With the emergence of HR Analytics in organizations; gathering, interpreting, and measuring of HR data has become easy. HR Analytics act as a tool which is a combination of statistical techniques that enable collection, interpretation, measurement, and forecasting of data. HR analytics enlightens solution to the organizational problems and make accurate decisions. HR analytics hence aligns HR strategy with overall business strategy to obtain a competitive advantage. HR analytics has passed through phases of measuring the Sub HR functions. HR Analytics provides various opportunities to business as it forecasts workforce requirements, enables HR to achieve corporate goals, and improve organizational performance which helps businesses in finding success. Despite the success, the business faces some big challenges like data governance, skill gap among employees, top management support, and many other such challenges in implementing and using the HR Analytics tool in business. Various research scholars have discussed HR analytics from so many years. So many papers have come focusing on the conceptual part of HR analytics, past present and future scenario of HR analytics, acceptance of HR analytics in organizations, the extent of its utility, rise of HR analytics, and various other related studies. This paper aims to find out the challenges and opportunities faced by the business firm in implementing HR analytics as a tool in organizations. This study also gives the theoretical concept of HR analytics based on secondary data collected from previous research papers, journal of the year 2016- 2019 given by various research scholars, blogs, and websites that provide HR analytics recent data. The study will provide the pros and cons of implementing and using HR analytics.

Mamta gaur

Vitamin D deficiency is a public health concern affecting many individuals as it is highly prevalent in all parts of the world. Recent studies have reported an association of vitamin D deficiency with cardiometabolic alterations such as dyslipidemia. The study aimed to evaluate vitamin D and lipid profile levels among the Libyan adult population and investigate the correlation of vitamin D deficiency with the alteration of lipid profile levels. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Janzour Hospital among 193 subjects (107 males and 86 females) whose ages ranged between 20 and 50 years over three months from Sept to Dec 2023. Vitamin D, cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein levels were estimated. The total mean vitamin D levels were 8.31±4.74, 23.83±2.78, and 42.67±7.95 ng/dl for deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency, respectively. The findings revealed significant alterations in cholesterol (increase), triglyceride (increase), LDL-cholesterol (increase), and HDL-cholesterol (decrease) among subjects who had vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency as compared to subjects having vitamin D sufficiency. Vitamin D levels were negatively correlated with cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol, and they were positively associated with HDL cholesterol. The incidence of dyslipidemia is higher in the vitamin D deficiency group than in the insufficiency and sufficiency groups. It is essential to frequently monitor lipid profiles among vitamin D-deficient individuals to avoid subsequent disorders or damages associated with the alterations of lipid profile patterns.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Political participation of women is essential for the functioning and vitality of any democracy. In India, despite constitutional provisions and various initiatives, women's participation in politics remains significantly lower than that of men. This study aims to delve into the factors influencing women's political participation in Indian democracy and explore avenues for their empowerment in the political sphere. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, data, and case studies, this article examines socio-cultural, economic, and institutional barriers that hinder women's entry into politics. Additionally, it highlights successful initiatives and policy measures undertaken at various levels to enhance women's political participation. The study underscores the importance of addressing structural inequalities, promoting gender sensitive policies, and fostering a conducive environment for women's engagement in politics. By advocating for inclusive and equitable political representation, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on women's empowerment and democratic governance in India.

Dr gedam kamalakar

Menstruation is a normal physiological impact on each girl’s life. Menstruation is monthly uterine bleeding for 3-5 days after every 28 days from puberty till menopause. A change in mood, behaviour, appearance of some abnormal vague symptoms is often noticed in the second half of the cycle. Symptoms are severe enough to disturb the life cycle of a woman called premenstrual syndrome (PMS). The study aimed to assess the premenstrual symptoms and coping strategies among adolescent girls. The majority of the students suffered from premenstrual syndrome. Objective: to assess the premenstrual symptoms and coping strategies among adolescent girls. Methodology: A nonexperimental descriptive research design was adopted in this study. Non probability convenient sampling technique was used to select the sample size of 30 adolescent girls. The assessment of premenstrual symptoms and coping strategies was carried out using a self-reported Likert’s rating scale. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: Majority (93.3%) of the samples sometimes had physiological and psychological problems, 90% of them had behavioural symptoms. Majority (43.3%) of the samples always followed coping strategies and 16.7% of the samples sometimes followed coping strategies and 40% never followed any coping strategies. Conclusion: PMS was common among students at 18-24 years. The most common physical symptoms experienced by adolescent girls were headache, backache and lower abdominal pain. Adolescent girls used coping strategies as taking hot / cold drinks, do not express anger to others, and turn to study and forget things, hearing music and taking medications. Keywords: Premenstrual Symptoms, physiological, psychological & behavioural symptoms, Coping Strategies, Adolescent Girls.

Elsi queen

Management accounting refers to the process of collecting, organising, and recording financial transactions with the aim of providing information for the management to make informed decisions about the operation of an organisation (Ameen, Ahmed, and Abd Hafez, 2018). Management accounting allows organisations to conform to the expectations of various financial agencies, such as tax agencies, by ensuring that all transactions that take place within an organisation are done correctly (Järvinen, 2016), thus enabling the organisation to meet its goals and objectives.

Zamzam abdelazim

Pengembangan budaya keagamaan di sekolah merupakan suatu kewajiban yang harus dilaksanakan oleh sekolah dengan mendesain program pendidikan agama islam yang mengarah pada pengembangan budaya keagamaan. Fokus penelitian ini adalah Bagaimana perencanaan pengembangan program pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam meningkatkan budaya keagamaan di SDN Bletok Bungatan Situbondo? Bagaimana pelaksanaan pengembangan program pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam meningkatkan budaya keagamaan di SDN Bletok Bungatan Situbondo? dan Bagaimana pengawasan pengembangan program pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam meningkatkan budaya keagamaan di SDN Bletok Bungatan Situbondo? Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analisis, jenis studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model interaktif dan keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan: 1) Perencanaan pengembangan program pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam dalam meningkatkan budaya keagamaan di SDN Bletok Bungatan Situbondo, yaitu: penyusunan buku pintar, Penugasan anggota membuat rancangan kegiatan, nilai-nilai karakter prioritas utama, rencana strategis pendekatan botton up, perencanaan pengembangan budaya keagamaan oleh tim agama. 2) Pelaksanaan pengembangan program pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam dalam meningkatkan budaya keagamaan di SDN Bletok Bungatan Situbondo, yaitu: Roling tanggung jawab job deskription pengembangan budaya, Quality Insurence (Jaminan Mutu) pembiasaan keagamaan, Model uswah guru, pelaksanaan Budaya keagamaan. 3) Pengawasan pengembangan program pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam dalam meningkatkan budaya keagamaan di SDN Bletok Bungatan Situbondo, yaitu: pengawasan internal kinerja anggota dan eksternal melalui pengguna layanan siswa dan orang tua, evaluasi supervisor sekolah terhadap kinerja anggota, anak berkepribadian sesuai dengan nilai-nilai agama, monitoring oleh komponen sekolah dan tim agama, monitoring siswa, monitoring tingkah laku dan pembiasaan siswa, penetapan capaian dari Quality Insurence.

Educare: journal of primary education

Effective crisis communication response through using the proper strategies is critical to cope with crises and to protect the reputation and existence of the involved parties. Usually, aviation accidents receive great attention from the media and the public. Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 (MH17) which was shot down over eastern Ukraine on 17 July 2014 during its scheduled flight from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur received global attention. This attention was due to the involvement of several countries either at the level of the countries of victims or the countries accused of the attack. Image repair theory proposed by William Benoit, the widely used in crisis communication response was implemented in this study. The Russian response to the international accusation, especially from the Western world on supporting the attackers of MH17 has been examined in this study. This study implemented both quantitative and qualitative content analysis to achieve its aims. A total of 306 news stories from the online New Straits Times newspaper Website from the years 2014 to 2019 were analysed. A total of 191 strategies were included in 123 news stories since some stories combined more than a strategy. Out of 191 strategies, 43.5% were simple denial, followed by shift the blame and attack accuser with 35.1% and 21.5% respectively. The results revealed that the image repair effort by Russia was effective and successful.

Mohammed fadel arandas

The problem of chemical fertilizers and pesticides can be solved by the action of plant growth promoting fungi (PGPF). The indigenous fungal isolates obtained from the rhizosphere soil can be used as they are said to solubilize the insoluble zinc, phosphorous, potassium etc. They are known to control the different fungal pathogens and thus promoting the plant growth and health. In the present study, attempt was made to isolate soil beneficial fungi from the rhizosphere soil samples of important medicinal plants such as Aegle marmelos, Azardirachta indica and Citrus limon. A total of 22 fungal isolates was isolated and screened for their efficacy on phosphate and zinc solubilization and antagonistic potential against selected plant pathogenic fungi under in vitro condition and the isolates were identified up to species level.

Dr. saranya devi k

Pets need special care and tracking system to track their path in case of lost. Due to our busy life style, this task is not simple as it used to be. The aim of this work is to design and implement smart pet house and tracking system. The objective of this paper is to allow pets owners to automate simple things like monitoring and tracking of the path of pets. Also lighting, feeding and air-conditioning controls. The proposed work addresses the implementation and analysis of a wireless sensor networks based pet location monitoring system for domestic scenarios. These systems describes, finding the path of lost pet using fitbit flex scale device and also using GPS tracker. Pet begin moving before you get a GPS signal, the tracker will calculate distance using steps and stride length as described above until a GPS signal is found.

Dr h shaheen

Trace elements are minerals present in living tissues in small amounts. Some of them are known to be nutritionally essential, others may be essential, and the remainder are considered to be nonessential. Trace elements such as zinc, copper, selenium, iron, chromium and, others are essential elements for growth and body health. They form an integral part of many enzymes and bioactive centers that are responsible for biochemical reactions such as metabolism, protein and, DNA synthesis. They are said to contribute to the development of cancer based on epidemiologic evidence. The blood level of trace elements in the human body is affected by cancer and drug treatment. The low trace elements level is a sign of leukemia patients, where cancer cells consume body nutrients and essential elements for growth. The Libyan patients were divided into four age groups and were either newly or old diagnosed with leukemia, including patients with acute leukocyte leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and aplastic anemia. The samples were tested for direct aspiration onto inductively coupled plasma spectrometry at specific wave lengths. The findings showed the blood level of trace elements in leukemia patients is lower than in the healthy individuals. A negative correlation between copper and zinc levels in leukemia patients was found. The copper level increases in leukemia patients as they get older.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

The valuable effects of regular exercise for promotion of health and therapy of diseases were obviously evaluated. The notion that exercise can be considered as a medication has been hypothesized. The growing problems of obesity and non-communicable diseases have placed a great burden on public health experts to promote physical literacy and physical activity among the modern day population. Physical literacy and physical activity have become the cornerstones of women’s health. Women have certain special needs that includes reproductive health. Increased physical activity and maintaining normal body image and body weight will help a woman attain physical, mental and spiritual development. With the growing number of women with obesity and the implication of obesity as one of the main risk factors for non-communicable diseases like diabetes, hypertension, stroke and osteoarthritis, a knowledge and awareness about physical activity is essential. Thus, physical activity is a fundamental aspect of the improvement of motor skills and work performance, allowing a better healthy lifestyle. Physical exercise is effective to be measured as a drug, however, more care should be considered to the dosing and individual variations between genders.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

The emergence of big data has caused various challenges to data management lifecycle including storage, processing, sharing, and applications. During the same time frame, the fast development in cloud computing provides increased efficiency in computing support that address these challenges. However, there are issues in big data and cloud computing management which include security concerns, data fragmented, and distrust in using clouds that could become the roadblock to e-government services success. Although ensuring data management has been the responsibility of providers in the public sector, this issue seems to be unavoidable. In such circumstances, initiatives from the public sector agencies are crucial to ensure data is effectively managed. This research in progress aims to investigate how the public sector agencies in Terengganu manage data to improve the e-government performance. The research uses the interpretive research paradigm and adopts the qualitative research methodology using a case study design. A single case of a public sector which utilizes big data and cloud computing within the e-government platform is selected as the case for this research. The findings of this research are expected to be used in developing a framework of big data and cloud computing management which will assist in providing reliable and accurate information to citizens within the e-government environment.

Asyraf afthanorhan