Cet article montre l’analyse des erreurs dans l’enseignement/apprentissage du Français Langue Étrangère au Ghana. Il a pour objectif principal d’analyser les erreurs commises en production écrite par les étudiants de Français Langue Étrangère (FLE) à l’Université du Ghana. Le corpus a été constitué du lexique de 100 apprenants. Les instruments de collecte des données ont été les questionnaires et les rédactions/compositions. Ces derniers ont été rédigés par les étudiants des niveaux 300 et 400. Etant donné la nature de l’étude, l’approche quantitative et l’approche qualitative ont été utilisées comme mode d’investigation. L’approche qualitative porte sur le modèle de l’analyse des erreurs proposé par Corder (1967) et l’approche quantitative met en évidence des données observables et quantifiables. Les principales erreurs rencontrées dans les productions écrites des étudiants ont été celles de la morphosyntaxe. Ces erreurs commises ont été analysés. Les recommandations de notre étude ont pour but d’améliorer la production écrite en Français Langue Étrangère.

Assanvo

Background: Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) antibodies may be considered as biomarkers of typhoid fever, a severe febrile systemic illness caused by an invasive Gram-negative Bacterium S. typhi. Worldwide, about 21-26.9 million cases of typhoid fever and 200 000-215 000 deaths, occur annually. Between 2003 and 2005, statistics have shown a rising trend in the incidence of typhoid fever in Abia and Enugu States. The aim of the study was to determine the sero-prevalence of S. typhi antibodies in some rural communities of Abia and Enugu States as proxy indicators of prevalence typhoid fever (TF) in the two states. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of the sero-prevalence of S. typhi antibodies in ten rural communities of Umunneochi Local Government Area (LGA) of Abia State and Ezeagu LGA of Enugu State using 421 (200 in Abia and 221 in Enugu) blood samples for the Widal test to determine the titres of these antibodies. Results: In the Abia communities the mean sero-prevalence of S. typhi antibodies was 68.2%, while in Enugu it was 87.1%. Between the two states, difference in the sero-prevalence of S. typhi antibodies was significant (p=0.03). Conclusions: The sero-prevalence of S. typhi antibodies was higher (87.1%) in the Enugu communities, compared to the Abia communities (68.2%). To reduce the incidence and prevalence of TF in the communities, access to safe domestic water, improved sanitation and good food hygiene needs to be improved. Health-seeking behaviour also needs improvement.

Emmanuel umegbolu

The seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris are known as common beans or kidney beans. The dry seeds are eaten as pulse and are enriched with protein, fiber, starch, B vitamins (B1, B6, B9), iron, potassium and selenium. Beans also contain about 1-2 % of fixed oil. Phaseolus vulgaris is linked to anticancer, antihyperlipidemic, hypoglycemic, and antioxidant actions. The fixed oil of Phaseolus vulgaris (PVFO) seeds is extracted with hexane and used in this study to assess acute oral toxicity, analgesic (by acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate and tail flick tests in mice) and antiinflammatory (by carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats) actions. Four groups were made (n=6): Group-I: Normal Saline Control (2ml/kg), Group-II: PVFO (2ml/kg), Group-III: PVFO (4ml/kg) and Group-IV: Standard Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA 300 mg/kg). PVFO in 2ml/kg and 4ml/kg doses demonstrated analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, but in hot plate, results were unreliable as significant activity started after 90 minutes. A 5ml/kg dose was administered orally in mice for a toxicity test, and no toxicity symptoms were observed. Therefore, PVFO is safe for oral use up to 5ml/kg and may possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions.

Dr. salman ahmed

A mental and behavioral illness is described as a clinically significant illness with changes in thought, emotion, or behavior related to a personal situation. Objectives of the study: To assess the knowledge regarding mental health & illness and level of stress. 2. To determine the effectiveness of Educational Intervention on knowledge regarding mental health & illness and level of stress 3. To find out the association between pre-test knowledge level on mental health & illness and selected demographic variables. 4. To find out the association between pre-test stress level and selected demographic variables. 5. To find out relation between knowledge score of mental health & Illness with stress level. Methodology: Quantitative research approach with pre-experimental research design was used. Sampling: 300 samples was chosen with consecutive sampling technique. Result: In pretest mean score for knowledge and stress were 8.9 and 27.9 respectively and post-test were 19.7 and 17.45 which showed that education intervention improve the knowledge and decrease stress among adolescent. Improved knowledge reduces stress level. Conclusion: Educational intervention improve knowledge level which significantly reduce level of stress.

Dr k c yadav

The main objective of this study is to examine the relationship between globalization, resource conflicts and peace –building in Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigerian’s north-central geo-political zone. The wave of globalization that has swept across the world with its attendant socio-economic and political consequences lies at the heart of this study. The debate that is raging currently amongst intelligentsias, public analysts, and the international community point to the fact that the global system has suffered increasing setbacks occasioned by the impacts of globalization and contestation for scarce natural resource endowments. The changes that have emerged for several decades in both developed and developing nations, with the latter having a greater share of repercussions, have remained largely daunting. The multiplier effects of these changes have resulted in worsening crisis situations, with a fast growth rate of intra-state and/or trans-regionalized networked conflicts, which is why Africa and indeed Nigeria, has become a hotbed for contestations recently. This work adopts a qualitative approach as a method of investigation. This work relies on classic works of experts in the broader discipline of globalization and conflict resolutions, the essence of which is to clearly define ways of ensuring absolute peace in Nigeria’s north-central zone. The paper observes that guaranteeing peace-building requires the adoption of both vertical and horizontal approaches as templates for the realization of peace objectives.

Canice erunke

Background: Many individuals today use herbs as a drug alongside medicine and non-physician-recommended medications, as herbs are thought to be natural and safe. However, many herbs can potentially interact with other drugs, causing hazardous effects and diminished therapeutic effects of different prescriptions. Objective: It ought to be comprehended that herbal drugs contain multiple active compounds in different percentages, which can change the enzymatic frameworks, transporters, and physiological processes. Methods: Data on pharmacokinetic drug interactions with herbal products were searched using different search engines, such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. Results: This worldwide increment in herbal drug popularity has risen concerning HDIs. These PD or PK interactions are particularly significant for medications. Assessment of herbal drug interactions is complex because of inconsistency in herbal drug composition and frequently meagre information on active constituent pharmacokinetics. These restrictions are further bewildered by the differing points of view concerning herbal product regulation. Conclusion: It is concluded that a basic assessment of certain pharmacokinetic HDI is needed to settle on educated choices regarding patient safety. The expanding comprehension of HDPKI will direct more attention to potential interactions.

Dr. salman ahmed

Wilsons disease is a rare inherited disorder which is characterized by impaired copper excretion which leads to excessive deposition of copper in many tissues and organs like brain, liver, and eye. This is also characterized by Kaiser-Fleischer ring, low serum ceruloplasmin levels and elevated urinary copper excretion [1]. A 26year male patient came to the neurology department with chief complaints of involuntary tremors of both hands and difficulty in walking in the last one month associated with swaying to one side in the last 20 days. On examination the patient is having Kaiser-Fleisher ring positive and upon further investigation Magnetic resonance imaging brain was performed which revealed the features in favor of Wilson’s disease. And for this condition the patient is treated with chelating agents and benzodiazepines. Key words: Wilson’s Disease, Kaiser- Fleisher ring, Chelating agents

Dr venkata rama rao nallani

Objectives: Improper and inappropriate use of antibiotics is one of the possible factors affecting the transmission of antibiotic resistance is Because Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most serious pathogenic bacteria in hospital environments and resistant It is an antibiotic that causes problems in treatment. This study aims to determine multiple resistances Pseudomonas has been treated with antibiotics, arsenic and metals. Materials and Methods: In this study, 23 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from clinical specimens. for review Resistance of these bacteria to penicillin antibiotics was used by Kirby-Bauer method. The minimum concentration C.I.M. (and minimum lethal concentrations (C.B.M.) of antibiotics and heavy metals (cadmium, mercury) and arsenate Tubal dilution, agar and growth were performed in agar plate, respectively. Results: In this study, the highest and lowest MIC values obtained in Pseudomonas aeruginosa for metals, respectively. * 8 and 3 cadmiums (0.6 and 4.9 μg / ml), mercury (<0.12 and 4 μg / ml) and arsenate (10 × were 256 μg / ml). Of 23 strains, 84% to the antibiotic carbonicillin, 63% to piperacillin and 100% to 103 Arsenic and cadmium were resistant. Also, 82.6% of the strains were resistant to mercury. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains have multiple resistance to arsenic, metals and the antibiotics are car penicillin and piperacillin.

Amirhossein jahromi

The Quantum Teaching learning model is a modification of the various interactions that exist in and around the moment in learning. This study aims to find out more about how to apply Quantum Teaching in measuring students' abilities including cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects. This research method uses qualitative research methods with the type of research field research. Data collection techniques using observation techniques, interviews, and documentation. While the data analysis is a qualitative analysis model of Miles and Huberman and Saldana which consists of data collection, data condensation, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this study are: (1) Implementation of Quantum Teaching in Class V Thematic Learning at MI Mambaul Ulum Kandangrejo cognitive aspects, namely students are able to think more critically and broadly, students are able to do assignments or exercises and can understand learning well, students able to provide questions and answers properly and appropriately. (2) Implementation of Quantum Teaching in Class V Thematic Learning at MI Mambaul Ulum Kandangrejo aspects in the affective aspect, namely: the curiosity of students increases, students become more focused, students' attitudes become more confident and courageous. (3) Implementation of Quantum Teaching in Class V Thematic Learning at MI Mambaul Ulum Kandangrejo psychomotor aspects, namely: students are able to practice well the learning media is provided, students are able to name the names and parts of the circulatory organs, students are able to show the circulatory organs blood using the medium.

Educare: journal of primary education

Migratory behaviour in Littorina scabra (Linne 1758) was studied in a mangrove ecosystem and observations were made in their natural habitat or in situ observation in Tanjung Tiram, Ambon. Migratory speed and pattern of L. scabra of different sizes (small and large) particularly in mangrove Sonneratia alba were observed throughout of the February 19th to March 11th, 2019 during the day and night on incoming or outgoing tides and these are usually a 3 hours (270 minutes) observation. Marked snails were used to track the position to investigate their migratory direction and speed during advancing and receding tides. Those organisms migrate up and down the trees following the tidal cycles. This study indicates that small size organisms which live on leaves, branches or trunks move faster than the big organisms and they move faster during the incoming tide than outgoing tide. For a big size L. scabra, they move slower during the incoming tide than the outgoing tide. This behaviour indicates that they move faster to avoid immersion during incoming tide than during the outgoing tide when they move slower because they are searching for food. The migration trials showed different patterns for all sizes of L. scabra and this pattern seems to be influenced by the area of surface they occupy such as leaves, branches or trunks. They tend to move forward in one direction (almost straight line) when they are on a small surface such as trunks and on the larger surface such as leaves and braches most L. scabra of all sizes make different trial patterns such zig-zag.

Irma kesaulya

Introduction: Use of endotracheal tube (ETT) has many limitations. There is a need for an airway device with similar safety and good side effect profile. In this prospective observational study, the oxygenation and ventilation parameters between patients who were inserted Proseal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) or ETT for laparoscopic surgeries were compared. Materials and Methods: After ethical committee approval, informed consent was obtained from sixty patients (thirty in each group) posted for elective laparoscopic surgery. Following induction of general anaesthesia and paralysis, PLMA or ETT was inserted and pressure control mode was used for ventilation. The following parameters were measured: a. Oxygen saturation and changes in FiO2 needed to ensure a target SpO2> 95%, EtCO2 and changes in respiratory rate and inspiratory pressure needed to ensure a target EtCO2 between 35-45 mmHg. b. Insertion characteristics of airway device and gastric tube, hemodynamic responses, incidence of complications. Statistical Analysis: Chi-square test was used to analyze qualitative data. Independent t test was used to assess quantitative variables. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the outcome measures over time adjusted for duration of surgery and anaesthesia. P values<0> Results: Both groups were comparable with respect to age, gender and weight. Oxygenation and ventilation parameters achieved with both ETT and PLMA were comparable and satisfactory. Haemodynamic parameters increased significantly in ETT group compared to PLMA group during airway insertion and removal. Also, postoperative sore throat was comparatively less in the PLMA group. Conclusion: Hence we conclude that PLMA may be considered as an alternative to ETT in airway management of patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries with comparable oxygenation and ventilation parameters and improved side effect profile.

Kamal singh

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, most educational institutions have opted for online education rather than traditional modes of education to protect their employees and students. Online education has been gaining momentum in almost all countries around the world. This coincides with the recently introduced competency-based medical education in India which has embraced online education. This poses a new challenge for the institutions involved, the instructors or teachers, and the students since they must adapt quickly to the new mode of learning. Online education requires teachers to improve their competency in three major areas; pedagogy, technology, and content knowledge. Some of the challenges include; lack of technological skill, poor time management and lack of infrastructure. As technology rapidly advances, health care education systems must also advance in tandem. To implement the new competency-based system and online education, the institutions and the individuals must realize the importance of online education, identify the barriers and quickly work on solutions for success. Methods: This review was conducted based on various research papers on the topic of online medical education, the challenges faced by faculty members, and the opinion of students on this dilemma. Search terms included online medical education, COVID19, competency-based medical education. Conclusion: This review identified various challenges posed by online education on the current medical curriculum, faced by both faculty members and students, especially under the light of the Competency-Based Undergraduate Curriculum for Indian Graduates. Different solutions were proposed to overcome these challenges.

Nirav

The study identified the level of competencies and the extent of professional development needs of kindergarten teachers in the Sultan Kudarat Division, during the school year 2019 - 2020. The study employed a descriptive method. The study involved 54 kindergarten teachers in the division in accomplishing the 12-item self-assessment instrument. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results revealed that kindergarten teachers have a high level of competencies in content knowledge and pedagogy, learning environment and diversity of learners, curriculum and planning, and assessment and reporting. These indicate that they possess almost all of the competencies of efficient teachers. Results further revealed a very high extent of professional needs in content knowledge and pedagogy and the learning environment and diversity of learners, while they had a high extent of professional needs in the remaining domains. Since they reported very high priorities in content knowledge and pedagogy and the learning environment and diversity of learners, these areas would be the main considerations in the crafting of a professional development plan.

Manuel caingcoy

Nine fruit morphological traits were studied in ten stands of Jatropha curcas spread in eight forest divisions of Uttarakhand. Variation was examined at stand level as well as at tree level. Significant differences were found among stands for fruit length, fruit diameter, pericarp weight per fruit, seed: fruit weight ratio, kernel: fruit weight ratio and pericarp: fruit weight ratio traits while all morphological traits showed significant differences among trees within stands. The estimation of the variance components, however, revealed that the fruit traits, especially weight traits viz. fruit weight, total seed weight per fruit and total kernel weight per fruit have negligible contribution from stands and small contribution from trees. Maximum variation was found among fruits within trees (i.e. at fruit level or error). Pericarp weight per fruit and fruit ratio traits (i.e. seed: fruit weight ratio, kernel: fruit weight ratio and pericarp: fruit weight ratio) were affected to small extent by stand per se. The repeatability of all fruit traits at tree level were also low to moderate (0.105 to 0.278)

Kshitij malhotra

World Health Organization (WHO) estimation disclosed over 116 million girls (3.4%) area unit stricken by PCOS worldwide. The predisposing risk factors embrace genetic science, system, lifestyle/environment, fatness that contributes to the event of PCOS. it's calculable that between 5 to ten % of U.S. girls of childbearing age have PCOS. that is regarding five million girls, which makes the condition one among the foremost common secretion endocrine disorders among girls of generative age. A study to assess the prevalence of PCOS among adolescent women at hand-picked setting, Chennai. Objective: to assess the prevalence of PCOS among adolescent women. Methodology: A non-experimental descriptive analysis style was adopted during this study. The non-probability convenient sampling technique was accustomed choose the sample size of two hundred adolescent Girls. The assessment of the prevalence of PCOS was administrated employing a self-reported check list through a Googletype. A survey link was sent to the respondents, via email and WhatsApp& teams. knowledge was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: our Majority (36.5%) of the samples had gentle & moderate PCOS symptoms and twenty-sevenths had severe symptoms. relating to physical activity, the bulk (38%) of the samples had gentle physical activity, thirty-fourth had moderate physical activity and twenty-eighth had severe activity. There was a direct correlation between PCOS symptoms and Physical activity. There was a statistically vital relationship between PCOS symptoms with age, religion, academic standing, dietary habits, previous information, supply of data, the cycle of emission and BMI and there was a statistically vital relationship between physical activity with age, Religion, academic standing, monthly family financial gain, age at the time of start, previous information, supply of data, variety of family, Cycleof emission & BMI. Conclusion: PCOS among adolescents is a rising problem that wants careful assessment, timely intervention, and appropriate treatment. Diagnosis of PCOS in adolescence remains a challenge attributable to overlapping symptoms of PCOS with traditional time of life changes in adolescents. life-style modifications for weight reduction and dietary modifications and psychological content plays vital role in these young ladies for preventing long run complications. Keywords: Poly cystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), Prevalence, PCOS symptoms, Physical activity, Adolescent Girls.

Elsi queen

This research was conducted at Al-Baitul Amien Elementary School Jember which aims to answer the problem 1) How is the concept of prophetic education in shaping the character of students in Al-Baitul Amien Elementary School Jember? 2) How is the implementation of prophetic education in shaping the character of students in Al-Baitul Amien Jember Elementary School? 3) How is the evaluation of prophetic education in shaping the character of students at Al-Baitul Amien Elementary School Jember? The method used in this research is qualitative research methods. The approach used is a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate: (1) The concept of prophetic education in shaping the character of students at Al-Baitul Amien Elementary School Jember, namely: the formation of a distinctive curriculum based on the historical values ??of the mosque, religious habituation programs, and the commemoration of Islamic holidays. (2) Implementation of prophetic education in shaping the character of students in Al-Baitul Amien Jember Elementary School, namely: Dhuha Prayers, Dhuhr and Asr Prayers in Congregation, Asmaul Husna Habits, Tahfidz Qur'an, Juz 30 Hafalan Program, Tartil Qur'an, Tilawati Qur'an (Qiro'ah), Friday charity, Islamic Studies, Team of action / affection, Learning the Koran, PAI Subjects, Learning Arabic, Student Liaison and Achievement Books, Commemoration of Islamic Holidays, Sholawat and Hadrah, Nasyid, and Da'i Little. (3) Evacuation of prophetic education in shaping the character of students at Al-Baitul Amien Jember Elementary School, namely: a connecting book for reports on the implementation of student sunnah prayers, compulsory prayer services, student morals at home, and also letters from parents to teachers and vice versa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Sekolah Dasar Al-Baitul Amien Jember yang bertujuan untuk menjawab permasalahan, 1) Bagaimana konsep pendidikan profetik dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di Sekolah Dasar Al-BaitulAmien Jember? 2) Bagaimana implementasi pendidikan profetik dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di Sekolah Dasar Al-Baitul Amien Jember? 3) Bagaimana evaluasi pendidikan profetik dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di Sekolah Dasar Al-Baitul Amien Jember? Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Dan keabsahan datanya menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: (1) Konsep pendidikan profetik dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di Sekolah Dasar Al-Baitul Amien Jember yaitu: Kurikulum dibuat berdasarkan nilai historis masjid, program pembiasaan keagamaan, dan peringatan hari besar Islam. (2) Implementasi pendidikan profetik dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di Sekolah Dasar Al-Baitul Amien Jember yaitu: melalui kegiatan Sholat Dhuha, Sholat Dhuhur dan Ashar berjamaah, Pembiasaan Asmaul Husna, Tahfidz Qur’an, Program Hafalan Juz 30, Tartil Qur’an, Tilawati Qur’an (Qiro’ah), Jum’at beramal, Kajian Islami, Tim penindak/ afeksi, Pembelajaran Al-Qur’an, Mata pelajaran PAI, Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab, Buku Penghubung dan Prestasi Siswa, Peringatan Hari Besar Islam, Sholawat dan Hadrah, Nasyid, dan Da’i Cilik. (3) Evaluasi pendidikan profetik dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di Sekolah Dasar Al-Baitul Amien Jember yaitu: buku penghubung laporan mengenai pelaksanaan ibadah sholat sunnah siswa, ibadah sholat wajib, akhlak siswa dirumah, dan juga lembar surat dari orang tua kepada guru maupun sebaliknya.

Educare: journal of primary education

The study focuses on Library and Information Science (LIS) education in India. In India, traditional libraries and digital libraries currently coexist. India's LIS curriculum is still not adapting to the new positions. Students have not gained the crucial information technology-related knowledge and abilities from library institutions. Because of their expertise, Library and Information Science (LIS) professionals serve as a conduit between readers and information resources. The library follows the laws and regulations within the profession when acquiring and processing resources. Furthermore, there are drawbacks to these norms and restrictions. They are learned in the academic setting, where they are taught how to manage library information resources so that patrons can access them with ease. Cataloging, classification, indexing, inquiry work, user education training, facilitating, and assessment skills are among the fundamental abilities typically linked to library and information science. Depending on their library area, an information professional may have a range of these skills. Information technology skills, including word processing and spreadsheets, digitization, and internet search capabilities, as well as proficiency with loan systems, computer databases, managing content, and specially created programs and packages, are some crucial cross-sector competencies that are changing in the twenty-first century. Additionally, there are soft skills like time management, negotiation, and dispute resolution that are applicable to all encounters at work. Because of this, learners from LIS programs are not very competitive in the information industry. The paper talks about the difficulties of teaching LIS in India. It addresses the cooperation & resource sharing between institutions of librarianship as well as educating LIS professionals for managerial and leadership positions to promote India's economic and national development. Additionally, it covers job opportunities for LIS professionals, the abilities required, the influence of LIS education on graduates' work and careers, the recent emphasis on e-learning in LIS courses in India, and the ongoing professional growth of LIS professionals. It is essential for librarians to have the skills required to operate in a specialized job in the cutting-edge era of information technological advances, when client needs and equipment are changing quickly. Library and Information Science (LIS) education should therefore include contemporary information processing abilities to ensure the profession remains valid in the rapidly evolving 21st century.

Dr. awadhesh singh gautam

In this summary, the ideas used by the sales management to enhance the effective Selling of items to clients are addressed in detail. Overall, the report focuses on sales management, describing how the Marks and Spencer organisation's sales can be enhanced through the adoption of appropriate strategies and approaches that would aid in improving sales in the face of increasing market competition. The company modifies ongoing sales management techniques as well as sales organisation factors in an order to promote and retain competitiveness, highlight the significance of the sales organisation, and the necessity of such modifications appears to be stronger in the contemporary business environment.

Zamzam abdelazim

The primary cause of many fatalities is hypertension (high blood pressure). Many hypertensive patients are not even aware that they have the condition. As a result, hypertension is sometimes referred to as a silent killer. Until the harmful effects of high blood pressure, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, renal abnormalities, and vision problems, are identified, hypertension is typically asymptomatic. Without the use of herbs and dietary control, conventional medication therapy could not be enough to treat hypertension. The growing number of persons with high blood pressure can be effectively treated using alternative medicine. Numerous alternative therapies, such as diet, exercise, stress management, vitamins, and herbs, have been proven to be effective in lowering high blood pressure. There are several medications available to treat this disorder however popular antihypertensive medications typically have a long list of adverse effects. Numerous active ingredients with pharmacological and preventative qualities found in medicinal plants can be used to treat hypertension. This review discusses an overview of important medicinal plants and phytochemicals with hypotensive or antihypertensive effects.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

The problem of chemical fertilizers and pesticides can be solved by the action of plant growth promoting fungi (PGPF). The indigenous fungal isolates obtained from the rhizosphere soil can be used as they are said to solubilize the insoluble zinc, phosphorous, potassium etc. They are known to control the different fungal pathogens and thus promoting the plant growth and health. In the present study, attempt was made to isolate soil beneficial fungi from the rhizosphere soil samples of important medicinal plants such as Aegle marmelos, Azardirachta indica and Citrus limon. A total of 22 fungal isolates was isolated and screened for their efficacy on phosphate and zinc solubilization and antagonistic potential against selected plant pathogenic fungi under in vitro condition and the isolates were identified up to species level.

Dr. saranya devi k