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Parkinson’s disease is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease. It is characterized by psychological disturbances and other symptoms that vary with the severity of the condition. Common mental health issues include anxiety, mood fluctuations, hallucinations, psychosis, depression, and cognitive decline. These psychiatric conditions should be taken into account when diagnosing Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis before initiating treatment is essential, as overlooking these psychological aspects can lead to suboptimal care.
Climate variability also has the potential to worsen existing vulnerabilities such as Malaria, HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis. This study examined the effects of poverty diseases and adaptive capacities to climate change on farm income along river Niger in Edo and Kogi States, Nigeria. Questionnaires were collected from 358 respondents using multistage sampling techniques from Edo and Kogi States. Descriptive statistics and different functional forms of ordinary least squares (OLS) were used as analytical tools. The results revealed that increase in farm size and age will lead to 1.27% and 1.83% increase in farmers’ income respectively. The major constraints identified by the respondents were lack of funds and credit challenge (94.40%), distance to health centres (93.90%) and access to freshwater supplies (82.70%). It was concluded that the majority 83.80% of respondents had malaria diseases. The study recommends that to reduce the effect of poverty disease, there is a need for policy makers to engage communities when making decisions relating to their health.
This exploratory case study employed Appreciative Inquiry Framework in answering the following questions: 1) What are the expectations set by the following to the student homosexuals; a) Self, b) Parents and c) Teachers; 2. What are the positive and negative effects of these expectations to the student homosexuals? and 3) How do these expectations affect the process of identity development of the student homosexuals?. The participants are five college students who identified themselves as homosexual. Written consent was secured to ensure that the research abides to the ethical standards. The data was triangulated through analysing the point of view of the student participants, their parents and their teachers. Results revealed that expectations set by the student homosexuals, their parent and teachers are all contributory factors that affect the identity development of student homosexuals. Moreover, it was revealed that those who have problems in their identity development experienced difficulties in their performance in school. Positive and negative effects of expectations were also noted as the participants shared their stories. With the results, it was recommended that teachers must treat all their students equally regardless of their gender preferences in life. Activities that support the holistic personalities of students must be given emphasis. The parents must support their children in whatever endeavour they take and provide them guidance to be successful in their academic pursuits. Lastly, a model of counselling procedure for student homosexuals was proposed.
The aim of the study is to: assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on prevention of selected postoperative complications among 300 patients undergoing abdominal surgeries in selected hospitals. A pre-experimental research design and convenient sampling technique was adopted study. Data were collected by using structured interview schedule and structured questionnaire was used to assess the existing knowledge regarding prevention of selected post operative complications. Shows that majority (42.70%) subjects had inadequate knowledge and (18.30%) had moderate knowledge in pre test. In post test majority 44 (73.3%) had adequate knowledge and 16 (26.7) had moderate knowledge. The pre test mean score was 16.15 with the standard deviation of 4.65, whereas in post test the mean score was 30.7 with the standard deviation of 5.387 which indicates that structured teaching programme is statistically significant at P<0.01 level. There was significant difference between the pre test and post test knowledge scores t=20.56, P<0.01 level. There was a significant association between pre test knowledge scores with their education and no association between age, gender, religion, occupation, marital status, type of family, place of domicile, dietary pattern, personal habits and source of health information at P<0.01 level. Author concluded that that post test knowledge scores was improved after structured teaching programme. So structured teaching programme was effective in increasing the knowledge level regarding prevention on selected post operative complications among patients undergoing abdominal surgeries.
Industry 5.0 is still a developing concept, but it is expected to leverage a range of advanced technologies to facilitate human-machine collaboration and enable more customized and sustainable manufacturing.This research paper tried to discuss the opportunities and challenges in the implementation of Industry 5.0. It primarily explored the need to transform from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0. The research paper further studied the technologies needed for the implementation on Industry 5.0 and also the principles of Industry 5.0.
The present study deals with the phytochemical analysis and evaluation of antibacterial activity of hydroalcohol, acetone, and hexane extracts of the leaves of Psidium guajava. The antimicrobial activity was measured by the agar well diffusion method. Gastric volume, pH, total and free acidity and the ulcerative index was also measured in hydroalcoholic extract of Psidium guajava on gastric ulcer pyloric ligation in rat. Glycosides, terpenoids, and tannins are only present in the hydro alcohol extract. The extracts are tested against gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) bacterial strains. The zone of inhibition against microorganisms is direct proportional to the concentration of extract. Maximum zone of inhibition (24mm) against Staphylococcus aureus except hexane extract was seen. Psidium guajava leaves show maximum phytochemicals compounds and inhibition of microorganisms in hydroalcoholic extract. So the hydroalcoholic extraction was used for anti-ulcer activity. The present study was performed in pylorus ligation induced gastric ulcer model in albino rats in which the ability of hydroalcoholic extracts of Psidium guajava was tested at a dose level of 400 mg/kg body weight orally and compared with Ranitidine (10 mg/kg) as standard. From the results it is concluded hydro alcohol leaf extracts of Psidium guajava 400 mg/kg dose level showed significant anti-ulcer activity when compared to that of standard drug.
The space-time dynamics of chlorophyll a concentration and seawater excess viscosity has been investigated in the hydrographically contrasting inshore and offshore water masses of the eastern English Channel. This was done during the phytoplankton spring bloom dominated by Phaeocystis globosa before and after the very large-scale formation of foam induced by an increase in wind-driven turbulence and the related wave breakings. The results suggest that the dynamics of chlorophyll a concentration and seawater excess viscosity are differentially controlled by the formation of foam through the intensity of the spring bloom and wind-generated turbulence.
An online travel agent is one of the platforms that has evolved throughout this digital era, including Tiket.com. Unfortunately, when the Covid-19 pandemic hit, online travel agents were affected the most. Now it is time for Tiket.com to evaluate its marketing strategies to increase the customers' purchase decisions. This research aims to analyze which strategies among Perceived Trust, E-Service Quality, Online Rating, and Online Review have the biggest influence on customer’s Purchase Decision on Tiket.com. This study is conducted from September to December 2022, using a quantitative method with purposive sampling by distributing an online questionnaire to 50 customers of Tiket.com. The data is analyzed for multiple regression analysis to find the influence of each independent variable on the dependent variable. Results show that E-Service Quality, Online Rating, and Online Review have a positive and significant influence on Purchase Decision while Perceived Trust has a positive but insignificant influence on Purchase Decision. Further, Online Rating is found to have the biggest influence on Purchase Decision. Thus, it is important for Tiket.com to pay attention to its Online Rating and Review, E-service Quality, and Perceived Trust.
The purpose of this meta-methods study (i.e., involving the full[er] integration of multiple methods research approaches and mixed methods research approaches) was to examine challenges experienced by students at Stellenbosch University that hinder their ability successfully to learn online during the emergency remote teaching that began in April 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, 1,932 students completed an online questionnaire. Analyses of the open-ended responses via WordStat 8.0.29 topic modeling (i.e., crossover mixed analysis) led to the identification of seven (challenge) themes that categorised the students’ challenges. In turn, via a principal component analysis of the themes (i.e., crossover mixed analysis), these seven themes were collapsed into four dimensions (i.e., meta-themes). A latent class analysis (i.e., qualitizing) yielded seven profiles of students. Disaggregating the themes by demographic and location variables led to the identification of subgroups who are most at risk for experiencing each challenge type. Implications of these and other findings are discussed.
Liposomes are a novel drug delivery system (NDDS), they are vesicular structures consisting of bilalyers which form spontaneously when phospholipids are dispersed in water. They are microscopic vesicles in which an aqueous volume is entirely enclosed by a membrane composed of lipid bilayers. NDDS aims to deliver the drug at a rate directed by the needs of the body during the period of treatment and direct the place of action. Liposomes are colloidal spheres of cholesterol non-toxic surfactants, sphingolipids, glycolipids, long chain fatty acids and even membrane proteins and drug molecules or it is also called vesicular system. It differs in size, composition and charge and drug carrier loaded with variety of molecules such as small drug molecules, proteins, nucleotides or plasmids etc. Few drugs are formulated as liposomes to improve their therapeutic index. Hence a number of vesicular drug delivery systems such as liposomes, niosomes, transfersomes and pharmacosomes are developed. The focus of this chapter is to the various method of preparation, characterization of liposomes, advantages and applications, etc. Liposomes for Drug Delivery - liposomes
Social competence is often seen as a desirable trait during adolescence as it is considered as a protective factor in resilient individuals. It promotes personal and interpersonal effectiveness by enhancing skills needed for dealing with environmental challenges in daily life situations. Poor social competence has been associated with a number of psychosocial troubles during adolescence, including mental disorders, emotional and behavioral problems. Of the many skill building programs used to enhance adolescent social competence, Life Skills Education and Training have been significant ones. The present study investigates the utility of life skills training in enhancing social competency during adolescence. A pre- and post-test experimental design was used in the study to analyze the stated objectives. Adolescent Social Competency Scale was used to select the study sample. 160 adolescent students (mean age=16.44) who scored low on social competence participated in the study. These were randomly divided into the experimental and control group (n=80), consisting of equal number of male and female adolescents (n=40). Participants in the experimental group were trained on six of the ten core life skills, based on the module prepared by the researcher. The training lasted for 10 sessions following which post-test assessments were done. Data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics like mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics including independent sample t-test and repeated measures of ANOVA. The results of the study indicate a significant effect of life skills training in enhancing adolescent social competence, irrespective of gender.
Garcinia cambogia, commonly known as Asam Gelugur, has entrenched itself as a traditional herbal medicine, renowned for its applications in treating obesity and its integration into global nutraceutical formulations. The bioactive compounds within, particularly hydroxy citric acid, mediate various effects. This study aims to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity of Taxol, a cytotoxic drug used as a control, and the aqueous extract from Garcinia cambogia against the Vero cell line - a kidney-like cell. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimetyl-2-2thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The assay relies on mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase's potential to reduce MTT, providing a colorimetric indication of cell viability. The results revealed an IC50 value exceeding 500 µg/mL for the aqueous extract from Garcinia cambogia significantly higher than Taxol's 0.0581 µg/mL. This higher IC50 value implies lower toxicity, positioning the Garcinia cambogia extract as a safe component in nutraceuticals and herbal supplements. The aqueous extract of Garcinia cambogia demonstrates low cytotoxicity, reinforcing its safety profile for use in nutraceuticals, which contributes valuable insights into the safety considerations of incorporating Garcinia cambogia into herbal supplements.
Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences
Étudier les phénomènes grammaticaux actuels sans s’interroger sur la longue trajectoire historique qui a servi de support et de canal au français moderne manquerait de pertinence. En effet, une telle étude permet une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes linguistiques contemporains. Ainsi, notre domaine de recherche, la linguistique diachronique, met l’accent sur les connaissances étymologiques de la langue. Il s’agira, pour les besoins de l’article, de rendre compte de l’évolution morphologique du présent de l’indicatif depuis le latin jusqu’au français moderne. Notre curiosité nous poussera à nous interroger sur les raisons qui expliquent l’écart morphologique du présent de l’indicatif entre le latin et le français moderne. En sus, l’étude des variations diachroniques du présent de l’indicatif renseigne sur les formes actuelles de ce temps verbal. Du latin au français moderne, le présent de l’indicatif subit des flottements aussi bien dans ses radicaux que dans ses désinences. Ceci met en chef l’écart formel existant entre le présent latin et celui du français actuel. Toutefois, les phonèmes subirent des transformations selon qu’ils étaient toniques ou atones, radicaux ou désinentiels. Certaines formes se sont maintenues avec modification ou non de sons; d’autres ont complètement disparues du système. Suivant un ordre chronologique et des lois phonétiques cohérentes, nous montrerons que les formes actuelles du temps le plus usuel du système, le présent, ne sont pas le fruit du hasard. De ce fait, la langue moderne gagnerait à revisiter la morphologie des temps verbaux depuis leur origine pour mieux asseoir les difficultés liées à la conjugaison et fournir une explication authentique sur les variations de forme jusque-là ignorées par certains.
Toxicity of different insecticides was evaluated against 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of Helicoverpa armigera under laboratory conditions by leaf dipping method. The insecticides viz., thiodicarb 75WP, novaluron 10EC, spinetroam 11.7EC, indoxacarb 15.8EC, quinalphos 25EC, rynaxypyr 18.5SC, emamectin benzoate 5SG and cypermethrin 25EC were tested. Spinetoram was found most effective in managing the 2nd instar larvae of H. armigera and it was followed by novaluron 10EC and indoxacarb 15.8EC as compared to cypermethrin 25EC. Emamectin benzoate 5SG @ 1 x 10-7 to 1 x 10-9 per cent concentrations recorded 100% mortality against 2nd instar larvae and LC50 values for 3rd instar larvae was 0.00000000045%. Insecticides novaluron 10EC, spinetoram 11.7EC and cypermethrin 25EC did not show promising and consistent results against 3rd instar larvae of H. armigera at 24 hrs. The LT50 of novaluron 10EC at 0.00005% concentration was 19.861 hrs and it was 28.144 hrs at 0.000001% against 2nd instar larvae of H. armigera
In this research study, the mechanical properties of several Polymer matrix composites are investigated. These composites are multi-phase materials in which reinforcing materials are properly mixed with a polymer matrix. More precisely, Nylon 6 reinforced with 5, 15 and 25 wt. % of silicon carbide (SiC) and Nylon 6 reinforced with 5, 15 and 25 wt. % of boron carbide (B4C), prepared by means of an injection moulding process at three different injection pressures are considered. Specific attention is paid to the tensile and impact strength of these composites. The Taguchi technique is used to optimize the process parameters such as reinforcement material, its percentage and the injection pressure. It is observed that the specimens 5% SiC with 80 MPa injection pressure display a better tensile strength and similarly the specimen 5% B4C with 90 MPa injection pressure have a superior impact strength.
Considering the site (habitat) specific variations in the metabolic activities in the freshwater bivalves, we reported here the changes in the rate of oxygen consumption, rate of ammonia excretion and O: N ratio in the freshwater bivalve mollusc, Lamellidens marginalis (Lamark) from lotic and lentic water habitats on April-May during summer season. The adult freshwater bivalves, Lamellidens marginalis (82-84 mm shell length) from lotic and lentic water near Jayakwadi dam on Godavari river was selected for determination of rate of oxygen consumption, rate of ammonia excretion and O: N ratio. The adult bivalves from lotic water habitat showed high rate of oxygen consumption and low rate of ammonia excretion. The O: N ratio showed higher values in bivalves collected from lotic water than lentic water during summer season. The results of study are discussed in the light of possible physiological processes in freshwater bivalve molluscs.
It is not possible to imagine the modern world without the product of innovation and the new evolutionary development that they bring. Many researchers believe that innovation is now the driving force behind economic and social development. In this regard, the main objective of this research is to identify the factors based on the use of the international experience that shapes the economic model of innovative development and make recommendations for the economy of Uzbekistan, to ensure the timely and high-quality performance of certain types of human society, and also study of the affective impact of high technologies as a solution and consumption on management decisions, to critically assess existing problems, to make scientific predictions for prospects. This is because the macroeconomic indicators of many leading countries in the field of innovation development, the effective functioning of financial networks, the quality and level of living of the population are inextricably linked to innovative decisions.
Background: The goal of nursing profession is to prepare the nurses to meet diverse needs of the patients, delivering holistic care to the patients. It is the need of the hour for the Nursing students to utilize their knowledge, skills, and technologies to practice independently and collaboratively with all health professionals. Any type of negligence in their work may result in dire consequences. Method: Descriptive Survey Research design was adopted for a study to assess the Academic Procrastination factors for General Nursing students at selected Schools of Nursing, Bhopal, with Sample size of 50 General Nursing students. Result: Result revealed that majority, 35 nursing students were male whereas 15 were females, majority of students (18) were in age group of 22-23 years, 32 students were in GNM 3rd year, mostly (43) resided in Urban area, majority (44) belongs to nuclear family, and 28 mothers as compared to 41 fathers of students were educated. Out of 50 respondents who were the subjects of research on the causes of academic procrastination, namely: 12 respondents (24%) said that it was caused by habit, 15 respondents (30%) answered Poor time management, 23 respondents (46%) said it was due to Tiredness, 28 respondents (56%) said it was due to peer pressure, 22 respondents (44%) due to Low motivation, 14 respondents (28%) answered unclear tasks, and 36 (72 %) said it was due to Deadlines for submission. Majority of nursing students 38 (76%) were moderately affected by Personal factors, and by Environmental factors only 26 (52%) students were moderately affected as compared to academic factors at 12 (24%) students who were moderately affected. Conclusion: The study concluded that personal and environmental factors have more effects on academic procrastination as compared to academic factors
Purpose. Our aim is to correlate the clinical condition of patients with COVID-19 infection with the 25-point CT severity score by Chang et al. (devised for assessment of ARDS in patients with SARS in 2005). Materials and Methods. Data of consecutive symptomatic patients who were suspected to have COVID-19 infection and presented to our hospital were collected from March to April 2020. All patients underwent two consecutive RT-PCR tests and had a noncontrast HRCT scan done at presentation. From the original cohort of 1062 patients, 160 patients were excluded leaving a total number of 902 patients. Results. The mean age was 44.2 ± 11.9 years (85.3% males, 14.7% females). CT severity score was found to be positively correlated with lymphopenia, increased serum CRP, d-dimer, and ferritin levels (p < 0.0001). The oxygen requirements and length of hospital stay were increasing with the increase in scan severity. Conclusion. The 25-point CT severity score correlates well with the COVID-19 clinical severity. Our data suggest that chest CT scoring system can aid in predicting COVID-19 disease outcome and significantly correlates with lab tests and oxygen requirements.