Purpose. Our aim is to correlate the clinical condition of patients with COVID-19 infection with the 25-point CT severity score by Chang et al. (devised for assessment of ARDS in patients with SARS in 2005). Materials and Methods. Data of consecutive symptomatic patients who were suspected to have COVID-19 infection and presented to our hospital were collected from March to April 2020. All patients underwent two consecutive RT-PCR tests and had a noncontrast HRCT scan done at presentation. From the original cohort of 1062 patients, 160 patients were excluded leaving a total number of 902 patients. Results. The mean age was 44.2 ± 11.9 years (85.3% males, 14.7% females). CT severity score was found to be positively correlated with lymphopenia, increased serum CRP, d-dimer, and ferritin levels (p < 0.0001). The oxygen requirements and length of hospital stay were increasing with the increase in scan severity. Conclusion. The 25-point CT severity score correlates well with the COVID-19 clinical severity. Our data suggest that chest CT scoring system can aid in predicting COVID-19 disease outcome and significantly correlates with lab tests and oxygen requirements.

Kamal singh

Green computing is focusing on reducing the energy consumption, resource usage, carbon dioxide emission. It was found that Last year, Google used about 12.4 terawatt-hours of electricity. Energy consumption in data centers is reduced by decreasing the resource utilization that is by switching off or shifting the computing nodes to sleep mode. But when the servers are being used the energy consumption is minimized by using energy efficient scheduling and optimization techniques.In WNS the sensor nodes are deployed in remote areas, these sensors are powered by battery that decreases the lifetime, therefore by using energy efficient techniques can increase the uptime of the battery-operated devices in WNS. This work studied various energy efficient techniques that minimize energy consumption usage in Data Centers (DC) and the algorithms that increase the uptime of the battery-operated device in (WNS) Wireless Network Sensors.

Dr h shaheen

This paper proposes EPyNet, a deep learning architecture designed for energy reduced audio emotion recognition.In the domain of audio based emotion recognition, where discerning emotional cues from audio input is crucial, the integration of artificial intelligence techniques has sparked a transformative shift in accuracy and performance.Deep learning , renowned for its ability to decipher intricate patterns, spearheads this evolution. However, the energy efficiency of deep learning models, particularly in resource-constrained environments, remains a pressing concern. Convolutional operations serve as the cornerstone of deep learning systems. However, their extensive computational demands leading to energy-inefficient computations render them as not ideal for deployment in scenarios with limited resources. Addressing these challenges, researchers came up with one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN) array convolutions, offering an alternative to traditional two-dimensional CNNs, with reduced resource requirements. However , this array-based operation reduced the resource requirement, but the energy-consumption impact was not studied. To bridge this gap, we introduce EPyNet, a deep learning architecture crafted for energy efficiency with a particular emphasis on neuron reduction. Focusing on the task of audio emotion recognition, We evaluate EPyNet on five public audio corpora-RAVDESS, TESS, EMO DB, CREMA D, and SAVEE.We propose three versions of EPyNet, a lightweight neural network designed for efficient emotion recognition, each optimized for different trade-offs between accuracy and energy efficiency. Experimental results demonstrated that the 0.06M EPyNet reduced energy consumed by 76.5% while improving accuracy by 5% on RAVDESS, 25% on TESS, and 9.75% on SAVEE. The 0.2M and 0.9M models reduced energy consumed by 64.9% and 70.3%, respectively. Additionally, we compared our Proposed 0.06M system with the MobileNet models on the CIFAR-10 dataset and achieved significant improvements. The 1035 proposed system reduces energy by 86.2% and memory by 95.7% compared to MobileNet, with a slightly lower accuracy of 0.8%. Compared to MobileNetV2, it improves accuracy by 99.2% and reduces memory by 93.8%. When compared to MobileNetV3, it achieves 57.2% energy reduction, 85.1% memory reduction, and a 24.9% accuracy improvement. We further test the scalability and robustness of the proposed solution on different data dimensions and frameworks.

Jiby mariya jose

Konsep edutainment mencoba memadukan antara pendidikan dan hiburan, yang didalam konsep edutainment tersebut terdapat beberapa pendekatan yang lebih kita kenal sebagai SAVI (Somatik, Auditori, Visual dan Intelektual). Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Library research, yaitu jenis penelitian yang dilakukan dan difokuskan pada penelaahan, pengkajian dan pembahasan literature-literatur, baik klasik maupun modern. Literature berbahsa arab, inggris, Indonesia dan sebagainya yang ada kaitannya dengan persoalan ini. Penelitian ini bersifat analisis deskriptif. Sumber data penelitian ini yaitu: Sumber primer dari pemikiran Beby De Poter. Sumber skunder meliputi: buku, artikel atau esai yang membahas konsep edutainment, dan buku yang berkenaan dengan konsep psikologi belajar anak, serta buku pendidikan karakter, terutama karakter cinta tanah air. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: (1) Pembelajaran Edutainment Dalam Penanaman Karakter Cinta Tanah Air Bagi Anak Usia Dini Di Sekolah Dasar, yaitu: menumbuhkan karakter cinta tanah air, memunculkan emosi minat anak seperti rasa senang dan gembira dalam pembelajaran, guru dalam menyampaikan pembelajaran di kelas harus menunjukkan sikap kepedulian terhadap peserta didik. (2) Proses Penanaman Karakter Cinta Tanah Air Bagi Anak Usia Dini Di Sekolah Dasar, yaitu: proses pembelajaran interaksi antara siswa dan guru terbangun suasana menyenangkan, fleksibiltas guru dalam menyampaikan materi menyesuaikan dengan emosi peserta didik, hubungan keakraban dan persahabatan sebagaimana teman sendiri, dan guru memberikan kebabasan berexspresi kepada perserta didik pada saat proses pembelajaran.

Educare: journal of primary education

Autophagy is a self-digesting mechanism responsible for removal of damaged organelles, malformed proteins during biosynthesis, and nonfunctional long-lived proteins by lysosome. Autophagy has been divided into three general types depending on the mechanism by which intracellular materials are delivered into lysosome for degradation that is, microautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), and macroautophagy. In microautophagy cytoplasm material is sequestered through direct invagination to the lysosomal membrane. Whereas in CMA proteins flagged with pentapeptide motif (KFERQ) were selectively degraded through direct translocation into lysosome. Macroautophagy involves the formation of subcellular double-membrane-bound structures called autophagosomes that contain degradable contents of cytoplasm materials and deliver them into lysosomes for breakdown by lysosomal enzymes. The molecular mechanism of autophagy involves several conserved Atg (autophagy-related) proteins. Systems produce modified complexes Atg8-PE and Atg5-Atg12-Atg16 as autophagy regulators. Autophagy is activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions. For example, food deprivation, hyperthermia, and hypoxia are mediated by factors like insulin/IGF-1, m-TOR signaling, FOXO transcription factors, and chaperones. The perturbance in autophagy may lead to several types of cancers, myopathies, and neuromuscular disorders. Several autophagy inducers and inhibitors like 3-methyladenine (3-MA), bafilomycin A1, LY294002 (LY), and Velcade have been used to treat disease is an intense field of study.

Kamal singh

Conservation agricultural (CA) practices prove to be beneficial in terms of resource utilization and maintenance of soil health. Rice-Wheat cropping system (RWCS) is the majorcropping system in Indo-Gangetic plains of India. CA practices are becoming popular in this cropping system as sustainable agricultural management practices. Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are important primary nutrients and are required for crop growth. A field experiment was conducted during the period of 2015-2017 at Taraori village of Karnal district in Haryanato study the effects of conservation agricultural practices on P and K availability as well as uptake in rice-wheat cropping system. The experiment comprised of four treatments i.e. Transplanted rice + Conventionally tilled wheat (T1), Direct seeded rice + Zero tilled wheat with residue retention (T2), Transplanted rice + Zero tilled wheat (T3) and Transplanted rice + Zero tilled wheat with residue retention (T4). Results showed that P uptake was highest in T4 treatment in wheat crop. P uptake in rice was highest in T4 treatment while direct seeded rice (T2) showed lowest P uptake. CA practices also increased K uptake in both the crops. Practicing zero tillage in wheat increased the availability of soil phosphorus as compared to conventionally tilled treatment with highest value (34 kg ha-1) recorded in T3 treatment. But direct seeded rice soil showed lower values of soil available P. Similar to phosphorus, available potassium of soil also increased in all treatments. Highestvalue (341.5 kg ha-1) of available K was recorded in T4 treatment while it was minimum (307.2 kg ha-1) in T1. Residue incorporation in soil led to more availabilityof K in T2 and T4 treatment. This study features the significance of conservation agricultural practices over conventional practices in terms of increasing the uptake and availability phosphorus and potassium in soil. Key words : Conservation agriculture,

Dr.renu dhupper

The issue of deliberate forest fires that set illegally in Indonesia by plantation companies in their slashand-burn forests to clear lands for lucrative palm oil plantations and its caused transboundary haze became a hot issue for discussion. These fires have a negative influence on Indonesia and its neighbourhood countries, especially on their financial and human resources such as environment, economy, properties, and people. Using the right strategies in responding to any crisis determines the success of its management and coping with that crisis with minimal losses. This study aimed to examine the communication crisis response by Indonesia to this crisis by using image repair theory. Also, this study examined how image repair strategies were used by Indonesia. This study analysed the content of news stories from the website of the New Straits Times newspaper. The time frame of this study was from 2015 to 2019. A total of 87 news stories have pertained to Indonesian response, and 37 stories included image repair strategies. Among the strategies of image repair theory, corrective action strategy was the most dominant with 70%, followed by 10.8% for each shift the blame and attack accuser. The least used strategies were mortification and simple denial with 5.4% and 2.7% respectively.

Mohammed fadel arandas

Carica papaya leaves are a popular remedy to treat Dengue-induced thrombocytopenia. There have been reports of Carica papaya effects as antibacterial, anti-parasitic, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory. There is limited evidence documenting the effects of Carica papaya on increasing platelet count in relation to Dengue infection. Moreover, the mechanism by which Carica papaya increases the platelet counts has not been elucidated. Understanding how Carica papaya affects platelet function may have implications beyond Dengue fever management. This study aims to investigate the mechanism by which Carica papaya affects platelet count. The mechanism of thrombocytopenia in the aqueous and methanol extracts was elucidated by measuring reactive oxygen species in platelets using chemiluminescence. Both aqueous and methanol extracts of Carica papaya leaves were found to increase reactive oxygen species levels in vitro. This study is the first to try to demonstrate the mechanism by which Carica papaya increases platelet count. Carica papaya leaves may be developed into novel and useful therapeutic agents in the management of thrombocytopenia-related disorders and cardiovascular diseases.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

This research was conducted at Al-Baitul Amien Elementary School Jember which aims to answer the problem 1) How is the concept of prophetic education in shaping the character of students in Al-Baitul Amien Elementary School Jember? 2) How is the implementation of prophetic education in shaping the character of students in Al-Baitul Amien Jember Elementary School? 3) How is the evaluation of prophetic education in shaping the character of students at Al-Baitul Amien Elementary School Jember? The method used in this research is qualitative research methods. The approach used is a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate: (1) The concept of prophetic education in shaping the character of students at Al-Baitul Amien Elementary School Jember, namely: the formation of a distinctive curriculum based on the historical values ??of the mosque, religious habituation programs, and the commemoration of Islamic holidays. (2) Implementation of prophetic education in shaping the character of students in Al-Baitul Amien Jember Elementary School, namely: Dhuha Prayers, Dhuhr and Asr Prayers in Congregation, Asmaul Husna Habits, Tahfidz Qur'an, Juz 30 Hafalan Program, Tartil Qur'an, Tilawati Qur'an (Qiro'ah), Friday charity, Islamic Studies, Team of action / affection, Learning the Koran, PAI Subjects, Learning Arabic, Student Liaison and Achievement Books, Commemoration of Islamic Holidays, Sholawat and Hadrah, Nasyid, and Da'i Little. (3) Evacuation of prophetic education in shaping the character of students at Al-Baitul Amien Jember Elementary School, namely: a connecting book for reports on the implementation of student sunnah prayers, compulsory prayer services, student morals at home, and also letters from parents to teachers and vice versa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Sekolah Dasar Al-Baitul Amien Jember yang bertujuan untuk menjawab permasalahan, 1) Bagaimana konsep pendidikan profetik dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di Sekolah Dasar Al-BaitulAmien Jember? 2) Bagaimana implementasi pendidikan profetik dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di Sekolah Dasar Al-Baitul Amien Jember? 3) Bagaimana evaluasi pendidikan profetik dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di Sekolah Dasar Al-Baitul Amien Jember? Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Dan keabsahan datanya menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: (1) Konsep pendidikan profetik dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di Sekolah Dasar Al-Baitul Amien Jember yaitu: Kurikulum dibuat berdasarkan nilai historis masjid, program pembiasaan keagamaan, dan peringatan hari besar Islam. (2) Implementasi pendidikan profetik dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di Sekolah Dasar Al-Baitul Amien Jember yaitu: melalui kegiatan Sholat Dhuha, Sholat Dhuhur dan Ashar berjamaah, Pembiasaan Asmaul Husna, Tahfidz Qur’an, Program Hafalan Juz 30, Tartil Qur’an, Tilawati Qur’an (Qiro’ah), Jum’at beramal, Kajian Islami, Tim penindak/ afeksi, Pembelajaran Al-Qur’an, Mata pelajaran PAI, Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab, Buku Penghubung dan Prestasi Siswa, Peringatan Hari Besar Islam, Sholawat dan Hadrah, Nasyid, dan Da’i Cilik. (3) Evaluasi pendidikan profetik dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di Sekolah Dasar Al-Baitul Amien Jember yaitu: buku penghubung laporan mengenai pelaksanaan ibadah sholat sunnah siswa, ibadah sholat wajib, akhlak siswa dirumah, dan juga lembar surat dari orang tua kepada guru maupun sebaliknya.

Educare: journal of primary education

Lymphoma, the most common form of blood cancer, affects primarily the intricate network of tissues and organs known as the lymphatic system. Globally, it ranks among the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Although conventional therapies have led to significant advancements, they are accompanied by adverse side effects and present challenges in cases of multidrug resistance, refractory patients, and relapses. This highlights a pressing need for innovative treatment approaches. Extensive research on the anti-lymphoma properties of natural compounds has particularly focused on marine organisms as valuable sources for potential medicinal agents. Among these, anticancer peptides have garnered attention due to their multiple beneficial effects against cancer, coupled with reduced toxicity to normal cells. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-lymphoma effects of marine peptides, examining the diverse pathways through which these peptides impact physiological processes. Key effects include modulation of cell viability, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, antimitotic activity, immunotherapeutic properties, disruption of mitochondrial function and induction of oxidative stress, cancer cell membrane destruction, and interference with microtubule stability. The review also highlights the antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) derived from marine peptides and their synergistic effects with other anti-lymphoma medications. This knowledge should inspire future study and development of these prospective therapeutic modalities and hasten the investigation and creation of novel lymphoma remedies derived from marine sources.

Dr. salman ahmed

The current study explored the anti-emetic activity of six aromatic medicinal plants viz Carissa carandus L.. Cichorium intybus Cinnamomum tamala L.. Lallemantia royleana Benth. Matricaria chamomilla L., and Piper metysticum G. Forst . Anti-emetic activity was assessed using a chick as an anti-emetic model. The ethanol extracts of these plants were administered at 150 mg/kg BW orally. Lallemantia royleana and Piper metysticum showed a significant (P <0.001 ) decrease in retches induced by copper sulphate pentahydrate given orally at 50 mg/kg BW. Domperidone was given at 100 mg/kg as a reference drug.

Dr. salman ahmed

Regularly used toothbrushes can be heavily contaminated with microorganisms, while inappropriate storage may increase the microbial load on these toothbrushes. Toothbrushes Microbial contamination can help to transmit many diseases, especially for people with mouth and/or Gum problems. This study aims to find the easiest and most available way to sterile toothbrushes at home. 24 adult volunteers were divided into four groups, the first three groups were asked to sterilize their toothbrushes with Dettol, water salt and hot water, while the fourth group toothbrushes were a positive control. Results showed that toothbrushes sterilized with Dettol gave the least contamination rate of 12.5%, toothbrushes sterilized with salt came next with 37.5%, while toothbrushes sterilized with hot tap water were the next with 50%. The toothbrushes of the fourth group which was used as the positive control were totally contaminated with different types of bacteria. Six bacterial agents were isolated; they are Staphylococcus Sp., Streptococcus sp., Bacillus Sp., E.coli, Pseudomonas Sp., and Salmonella sp. It was concluded that the use of Dettol was very effective in reducing the number of contamination of toothbrushes but its unacceptable flavour limiting its use. Other volunteers were comfortable with the use of salt and hot water as it was almost effective. The research suggests a group of recommendations to avoid the transmission of pathogens through toothbrushes and ensure healthy usage.

Kamal singh

The COVID-19 was announced as pandemic by WHO on March 11th, 2020. Five days later, on March 16th, 2020 prevention measures to prevent the outbreaks had been taken by authorities in Libya. The health care institutes were working during the quarantine and until now. Pharmacists as health care professionals have a critical role in COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to access the levels of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of community pharmacists, hospital pharmacists and pharmacy assistants toward COVID-19 in Libya. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in period from November, 2020 to January, 2021. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square to measure the differences and association within socio-demographic variables. Pearson correlation was used to measure the relationship between KAP of pharmacists. A total of 205 responses were received. The majority of respondents were from the eastern part of Libya. The percent of good knowledge score was 61.5%, the percent of adequate attitude score was 59% and the percent of sufficient practice score was 56.6%. There was an association between knowledge score and respondent’s professional and educational level with P=0.008 and P=0.028, respectively. There was an association between score of attitudes and working setup, professional level and educational level with p = 0.003, 0.011 and 0.002, respectively. There was also an association between practice score with regard to gender, age educational level and work place with P=0.004, P=0.017, P=0.002 and P=0.027, respectively. There was a positive relationship between knowledge and attitude (P>0.05). In conclusion, the KAP of community pharmacists, hospital pharmacists and pharmacy assistants were low but acceptable. Therefore, KAP should be improved among pharmacists by implanting an effective health education programs in Libya.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental disorder that causes repeated unwanted thoughts or sensations, or do something over and over again. It is affecting all ages in the world. It is unusual for symptoms to begin after the age of 35 and half of people develop problems before 20. This making university students a target of OCD. This study investigates the prevalence of symptoms of OCD and identifies possible risk factors among pharmacy students of University of Tripoli, Libya. 80 pharmacy students registered in the final academic year 2019/2020 were enrolled in this study. All the participants were females ranging of 22 to 24 years old of a same environmental background. This study is based on a validated questionnaire for screening of OCD as mentioned by the American Psychiatric Association without modification. A total of 63 students have returned the questionnaire (response rate, 78.8%). The study shows that OCD symptom is relatively common among pharmacy students. The most common symptoms are losing something of importance (71%) and checking things over and over or repeat actions many times to be sure they are done properly (63%). Among OCD symptoms, the most common associated trigger factors were stress and phobia which representing 62% of the participated students. This study indicates that pharmacy students are at risk of being susceptible to getting OCD. OCD affects academic performance and quality of student life, therefore, a psychological and health services for university students should be implanted.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the second‑most common cancer among women in the developing world and approximately 500,000 cases are diagnosed each year. In developed countries, cervical cancer (CCa) accounts for only 3.6% of newly diagnosed cancers. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to identify the most effective barriers associated with CCa screening uptake in low and middle-income countries (L and MICs) and aid to adopt effective measures to overcome prevailing barriers to the attainment of CCa uptake in the community. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Health sciences electronic databases like MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar were searched for studies published until August 2017. Keywords used for the search were ("cervical cancer screening"), ("barriers"), AND ("low income countries" OR "Middle income countries"). Articles were reviewed and data were extracted by using Mendeley Desktop Software (V‑1.17.10). Income-level classification of countries was done as per the World Bank 2017 report. Statistical software like SPSS‑V.23 and Medical‑V.14 were used for the statistical application. RESULTS: A total of 31 studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 25,650 participants. The sample size of the included studies ranged from 97 to 5929 participants. Articles majorly reported data on participants from African region (51.6%) and minimally in the Western Pacific region (3.2%). Sampling methods among studies varied from convenience sampling‑12 (39.7%) to consecutive sampling‑1 (3.2%). Besides, two studies (6.5%) did not discuss their sampling procedures. It was observed that “Lack of information about CCa and its treatment” (Barrier of lack of knowledge and Awareness); “Embracement or shy” (Psychological Barrier); “Lack of time” (structural Barrier); and “Lack of family support” (Sociocultural and religious barrier) were the most commonly reported among all 22 barriers. CONCLUSION: There is a need of policies advancement of CCa screening programs by focusing on aspects of accessibility, affordability, CCa education, and the necessity of screening to improve screening uptake to control the CCa morbidity and mortality rate in L and MIC’s.

Nagarjuna narayanasetti

Dietary intake of contaminated food with heavy metals may cause severe risk for the human health. Heavy metals affect adversely a human health. The current study assessed the concentrations of heavy metals including Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) of urban and rural areas in Bangladesh. The experimental samples of fresh eggplant fruits were collected from six local markets in Jashore, Bangladesh, and the tissues were extracted with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Trace elements in eggplant fruits were estimated with atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Obtained result show that Heavy metal concentrations were high in the urban areas compared to rural areas. Heavy metals in the eggplant fruits of rural and urban areas were: Pb (2.74-18.64), Cu (10.20-67.16), Ni (46.63-148.46), and Zn (86.65-148.73) mg.kg-1 respectively. The concentrations of Pb, Ni and Zn in eggplant were at an excess of safe limits according to the Food and Agriculture and World Health Organizations. While, Cu was lower than the maximum safe limit. The present study concluded that growing eggplants in Jashore areas are heavily contaminated with Pb, Ni and Zn that would be hazardous for consumer’s health. The result of this study will be beneficial for the agricultural policy makers in Bangladesh to take appropriate action and reduce the heavy metal toxicity among fresh food products.

Arafat hassan razon

Adenoid Facies and its Management: An Orthodontic Perspective Adenoid facies is a disorder which refers to the open-mouthed face of children who have long faces with adenoid hypertrophy. Hypertrophy of the lymphoid tissues in the throat (the adenoids) is the most common cause of nasal obstruction in children. The mouth is always open because upper airway congestion/narrowing has made patients obligatory mouth breathers. Persistent mouth breathing is seen due to nasal obstruction in children and it may be associated with the development of craniofacial anomalies such as the adenoid facies (also called the “long face syndrome”). The most common symptoms are habitual mouth breathing and snoring. The most dangerous symptom is sleep apnea due to obstruction. This article discusses the orthodontic aspects of diagnosis and treatment of adenoid facies.

Kamal singh

Neuroblastoma is the most prevalent extracranial solid tumor in pediatric patients, originating from sympathetic nervous system cells. Metastasis can be observed in approximately 70% of individuals after diagnosis, and the prognosis is poor. The current care methods used, which include surgical removal as well as radio and chemotherapy, are largely unsuccessful, with high mortality and relapse rates. Therefore, attempts have been made to incorporate natural compounds as new alternative treatments. Marine cyanobacteria are a vital source of physiologically active metabolites, which have recently received attention owing to their anticancer potential. This review addresses cyanobacterial peptides' anticancer efficacy against neuroblastoma. Numerous prospective studies have been carried out with marine peptides for pharmaceutical development, including research on anticancer potential. Marine peptides possess several advantages over proteins or antibodies, including small size, simple manufacturing, cell membrane crossing capabilities, minimal drug-drug interactions, minimal changes in blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, selective targeting, chemical and biological diversities, and effects on liver and kidney functions. We discussed the significance of cyanobacterial peptides in generating cytotoxic effects and their potential to prevent cancer cell proliferation via apoptosis, the activation of caspases, cell cycle arrest, sodium channel blocking, autophagy, and anti-metastasis behavior.

Dr. salman ahmed

Background: Shilajit is a historically valued natural substance with promising but still preliminary scientific support for urinary and diabetic health, yet its growing popularity risks exploitation and exaggerated claims without rigorous human clinical validation. This study investigates the therapeutic effects of Yemeni Shilajit sourced from Dhamar, Ma’rib, and Raymah on hemolytic anemia experimentally induced in rabbits using phenylhydrazine. Methods: Twelve male rabbits were divided into four groups: a control group and three treatment groups, each receiving Shilajit from one of the three regions. Anemia was induced via subcutaneous injection of phenylhydrazine hydrochloride, and treatment was administered orally at a dose of 125 to 250 mg/kg twice daily. Hematological parameters—including packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cell (RBC) count, and glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) activity—were evaluated at various intervals. Results: showed that Shilajit from Dhamar and Raymah significantly increased PCV, Hb, RBC count, and G-6-PD enzyme activity (p < 0.05), suggesting notable anti-anemic effects and potential for restoring hematological parameters to near-normal levels. In contrast, Ma’rib Shilajit exhibited limited efficacy, with significant improvement only in hemoglobin levels. Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of essential amino acids and bioactive compounds, such as fulvic acid and dibenzo-α-pyrones, which likely contribute to Shilajit’s therapeutic action. Conclusions: The study concludes that purified Shilajit from Dhamar and Raymah holds promise as a natural remedy for hemolytic anemia, supporting its traditional use and warranting further investigation for pharmacological applications.

Karishma

The study of molluscan animals is called Malacology and the study of molluscan shell is called as conchology. The scaling of metabolic rates with body mass is one of the best known and most studied characteristics of aquatic animals. We studied here how body size is related to rate of oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and O: N ratio in Freshwater Bivalve Mollusc Lamellidens marginalis species in an attempt to know how body size specific changes affect their metabolism. The freshwater bivalve molluscs with specific body size i.e. small (76-79 mm in shell-length) and large (90-94 mm in shell-length) were chosen for experimental work from Bhima River at Siddhatek on April and May during summer. The adult bivalve molluscs with small body size reported high value in rate of oxygen consumption and O: N ratio but rate of ammonia excretion was low value in small body sized bivalves compared to large ones. The results are discussed in the flush of metabolic processes in fresh-water bivalve molluscs.

Dr. pritesh ramanlal gugale