Cet article montre l’analyse des erreurs dans l’enseignement/apprentissage du Français Langue Étrangère au Ghana. Il a pour objectif principal d’analyser les erreurs commises en production écrite par les étudiants de Français Langue Étrangère (FLE) à l’Université du Ghana. Le corpus a été constitué du lexique de 100 apprenants. Les instruments de collecte des données ont été les questionnaires et les rédactions/compositions. Ces derniers ont été rédigés par les étudiants des niveaux 300 et 400. Etant donné la nature de l’étude, l’approche quantitative et l’approche qualitative ont été utilisées comme mode d’investigation. L’approche qualitative porte sur le modèle de l’analyse des erreurs proposé par Corder (1967) et l’approche quantitative met en évidence des données observables et quantifiables. Les principales erreurs rencontrées dans les productions écrites des étudiants ont été celles de la morphosyntaxe. Ces erreurs commises ont été analysés. Les recommandations de notre étude ont pour but d’améliorer la production écrite en Français Langue Étrangère.

Assanvo

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex and chronic illness requiring continuous medical care. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is commonly associated with obesity, hypertension, and a tendency to develop thrombosis, and an increase risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Diabesity is a term used to indicate the coexistence of obesity and DM. Diabesity increases as obesity is an emerging epidemic in modern societies, the co-incidence with DM is also rising, so a joint plan of anti-obesity and anti-hyperglycemia for the management approaches. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on body weight and glycemic response in obese Libyan patients with T2D at the National Diabetes Centre in Tripoli, between July 2013 and May 2022. This prospective study included obese adults with T2D who were newly prescribed GLP-1RA therapy for six months with dulaglutide once weekly or liraglutide once daily. The study included 170 diabetic patients who were started on GLP1-RA as add on therapy to their treatment, with a regular follow-up with dietitian and their physicians to adjust their glucose-lowering medications, then comparing the effect of these agents on body weight and the level of glycated hemoglobin before and after 24 weeks of treatment. Most of the patients (n = 99, 58.23%) were in the age period from 54 to 74 years old and 101 of whom were female subjects (59.4%), with a mean duration of DM equal to 8.8 ± 7.3 years. The patients were divided randomly into two groups, the first group included 110 patients who received liraglutide pens showed a significant reduction in HbA1c from 9.6% (± 1.54) to 7.4% (± 1.03) by p < 0.001 and a significant weight loss from 88.3 kg (± 10.68) to 80.8 kg (± 11.83) by p < 0.001. The reported adverse events were in 23 cases of minor hypoglycemia due to gastrointestinal upset. The other group included 60 patients for dulaglutide pens and showed significant decrease in HbA1c = 9.6% (± 1.54) to 7.1% (± 1.2) by p < 0.05 and a significant reduction of bodyweight from 88.3 kg (± 10.68) to 83.8 kg (± 16.3) by p < 0.05. The reported adverse events were mild transient gastrointestinal distress for the initial week of a start and then subside with regular intake. Whereas, 115 patients (67.6%) with HbA1c above 10.0% before starting therapy, no patient with HbA1c above 10.0% after six months of both GLP-RA agents therapy. Thus, the uses of GLP-RA as add-on therapy for obese patients with T2D significantly improved glycaemic control with less hypoglycaemia, accordingly, reduce insulin requirement for blood glucose control and loss in body weight. It can thus be concluded that GLP-1RA therapy is an effective treatment option when used in obese patients with DM.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Adverse drug reactions have increased significantly in people as many new drugs have come to the market in the last two decades. This has not only economic consequences but also causes morbidity and mortality. In Bangladesh, some incidents happened related to drug problems and it took several lives. Spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions can primarily control this situation and healthcare professionals can play an immeasurable role. Therefore, this study was aimed to be conducted at seven different hospitals and diagnostic centers to find out the actual scenario of adverse drug reactions among the healthcare professionals in Bangladesh to make them aware of adverse drug reactions and the reporting system, and to know about their opinion towards adverse drug reactions. However, after evaluation of the questionnaires it was found that a large number of healthcare professionals were not aware of adverse drug reactions and pharmacovigilance, especially the nurses. It was found that 13.3% of nurses did not know about adverse drug reactions and 93.3% of them had not reported any reactions. Furthermore, many healthcare professionals did not show a positive attitude towards pharmacovigilance. If proper pharmacovigilance practice cannot be started, the nation will face serious economic and health-related problems.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Clinical microbiology serves as a partner to clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Antibiotics are prescribed empirically before the availability of antimicrobial susceptibility testing data, especially when the patient's medical status could deteriorate by suspending the treatment. To investigate the impact of antimicrobial susceptibility testing on the management of outpatients with suspected bacterial infection in Libyan patients, a cross-sectional prospective study concluded on microbial microdroplet culture by including outpatients with suspected bacterial infection, who have done antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Thus, 53 Libyan patients with urinary tract infections and 14 Libyan patients with skin infections were included in this study. Before the availability of antimicrobial susceptibility testing data, 25 patients were appropriately treated while 42 patients were inappropriately treated. After the availability of antimicrobial susceptibility testing data, the number of appropriately treated patients increased to 57 patients. Thus, antimicrobial susceptibility testing improved the management of 41 patients by discontinuing an unnecessary antibiotic in four patients, starting necessary antibiotic therapy in 18 patients, and changing to more appropriate antibiotic in 19 patients. However, the antimicrobial susceptibility testing has no impact on the management of 24 patients and has led to the worsening of the management of two patients. The effect of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of antibiotic de-escalation was assessed in 35 patients; however, antibiotic de-escalation occurred in six patients. Thus, data of antimicrobial susceptibility testing has improved the management of Libyan outpatients with bacterial infection but their role in antibiotic de-escalation was slight

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Unggulan Al-Islah Muncar Banyuwangi adalah sekolah swasta yang pada bulan Januari 2018 mulai menerapkan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler tari tradisional dengan alasan untuk mengembangkan salah satu potensi yang dimiliki peserta didik yaitu kecerdasan kinestetik. Fokus penelitian ini, yaitu: 1) Bagaimana pengembangan kecerdasan kinestetik peserta didik melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler unsur wiraga tari tradisional di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Unggulan Al-Islah Kecamatan Muncar Kabupaten Banyuwangi tahun pelajaran 2018/2019? 2) Bagaimana pengembangan kecerdasan kinestetik peserta didik melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler unsur wirama tari tradisional di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Unggulan Al-Islah Kecamatan Muncar Kabupaten Banyuwangi tahun pelajaran 2018/2019? 3) Bagaimana pengembangan kecerdasan kinestetik peserta didik melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler unsur wirasa tari tradisional di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Unggulan Al-Islah Kecamatan Muncar Kabupaten Banyuwangi tahun pelajaran 2018/2019? Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Meliputi, dengan pengenalan gerak dasar tari, pembiasaan senam pemanasan, latihan gerakan-gerakan tari tradisional dan perkembangannya dapat menguasai bagian-bagian tubuh ketika menari. 2)Meliputi, mengatur cepat lambatnya gerakan menggunakan hitungan dan perasaan, mengatur antara pergantian gerakan disaat musik yang tepat dengan menggunakan hitungan, mengatur keselarasan antara pukulan musik dengan gerakan-gerakan agar terdengar lebih mantap dengan menggunakan hitungan dan perasaan, dan perkembangannya dapat menyeimbangkan gerakan tari dengan alunan musik. 3) Dengan pembiasaan senam senyum selama beberapa menit agar terbiasa berkspresi tersenyum ketika menari, dan perkembangannya dapat terbiasa berekspresi tersenyum ketika menari.

Educare: journal of primary education

Indoor thermal comfort and air quality are essential for occupant well-being, while simultaneously optimizing energy consumption in buildings. Achieving a balance between these factors presents a significant challenge, as indoor environments are dynamic and energy demands fluctuate. By modifying ventilation rates in response to real-time data, demand-controlled ventilation systems can reduce energy consumption and enhance indoor comfort and air quality. However, optimizing these systems with advanced predictive models remains a complex task. To address this challenge, this publication proposes a Dual-Stream Multi-Dependency Graph Neural Network (DMGNN)-based energy-efficient ventilation management technique that maximizes indoor air quality and thermal comfort. The suggested method seeks to enhance thermal comfort and air quality by maximizing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) operations while reducing energy consumption. Initially data are collected from an Indoor Air Quality Monitoring Dataset. The DMGNN is employed to capture the complex dependencies between environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentrations, considering both temporal and spatial relationships. Implementing the proposed system and evaluating it through simulations in various building environments demonstrates notable improvements in thermal comfort, indoor air quality, and energy economy. The suggested system’s performance is contrasted with that of other current methods, showing superior energy efficiency and optimization of both indoor air quality and occupant comfort. This study presents an innovative, scalable framework for smart building management, promoting sustainable energy solutions.

Dr h shaheen

Étudier les phénomènes grammaticaux actuels sans s’interroger sur la longue trajectoire historique qui a servi de support et de canal au français moderne manquerait de pertinence. En effet, une telle étude permet une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes linguistiques contemporains. Ainsi, notre domaine de recherche, la linguistique diachronique, met l’accent sur les connaissances étymologiques de la langue. Il s’agira, pour les besoins de l’article, de rendre compte de l’évolution morphologique du présent de l’indicatif depuis le latin jusqu’au français moderne. Notre curiosité nous poussera à nous interroger sur les raisons qui expliquent l’écart morphologique du présent de l’indicatif entre le latin et le français moderne. En sus, l’étude des variations diachroniques du présent de l’indicatif renseigne sur les formes actuelles de ce temps verbal. Du latin au français moderne, le présent de l’indicatif subit des flottements aussi bien dans ses radicaux que dans ses désinences. Ceci met en chef l’écart formel existant entre le présent latin et celui du français actuel. Toutefois, les phonèmes subirent des transformations selon qu’ils étaient toniques ou atones, radicaux ou désinentiels. Certaines formes se sont maintenues avec modification ou non de sons; d’autres ont complètement disparues du système. Suivant un ordre chronologique et des lois phonétiques cohérentes, nous montrerons que les formes actuelles du temps le plus usuel du système, le présent, ne sont pas le fruit du hasard. De ce fait, la langue moderne gagnerait à revisiter la morphologie des temps verbaux depuis leur origine pour mieux asseoir les difficultés liées à la conjugaison et fournir une explication authentique sur les variations de forme jusque-là ignorées par certains.

Assanvo

The general meaning of a word is the representation of the type from it, in linguistic contexts and certain grammatical forms and this meaning is opposed to the individualized meaning, the separation of a unique item of the type, distinguishable from others. The general meaning seems like a grammatical meaning that is not formally sufficiently marked, but the indefinite articles and the suffixes, in addition to other grammatical meanings, can also express a general meaning in certain contexts. A definite meaning of the noun is generally considered the meaning of the noun in the definite form and indefinite meaning the one of the indefinite noun. But how does the general meaning relate to them? Nouns with general meaning, whether in the indefinite form or in the definite form are meaningfully definite. Both the speaker and the listener know the class that the general noun marks. Despite the formal indefiniteness / definiteness, nouns with a general meaning are semantically definite.

Anglisticum

Background: Scabies is characterized by the presence of burrows, erythematous papules, and generalized pruritus which is usually worse at night. Recently an upsurge in the incidence of scabies has been reported in many settings, including the area of the study. The study aimed to determine if there is a nexus between scabies and climate change as a risk factor. Methods: This was a case-control study carried out in a Cottage Hospital. Case files of 18, 000 patients who attended the hospital between 2016 and 2019 were reviewed. The diagnosis was mainly clinical, i.e. based on the presence of itching in the typical scabies locations, presence of scabies burrows and history of similar itching in the other members of the patient’s household. 112 cases of scabies were diagnosed within this period. Results: From 2016 to 2019, the incidence of scabies rose from 3 to 50. Prevalence among males was 59.8%, and in females 40.2%, although the difference was not significant (p=0.0.53). Compared to other age groups, prevalence was highest in the 6-17 years age group (37.5%), but the difference among the age groups was also not significant (p=0.84). Conclusions: Within four years (2016-2019), the incidence of scabies had risen from 3 to 50 in the area of the study, being higher in males (59.8%) than females (40.2%), and in children less than 18 years (37.5%). Community survey, prompt diagnosis, adequate treatment and avoidance of overcrowding might help to stem the observed rising incidence of the disease.

Emmanuel umegbolu

Digital governance has become a cornerstone of modern administrative systems, enabling governments to provide efficient and transparent services to citizens. Telangana, a state in southern India, has emerged as a pioneer in implementing various digital governance initiatives to enhance service delivery and promote inclusive development. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the digital governance initiatives undertaken by the Government of Telangana, highlighting their objectives, key features, and impact on governance. The paper begins by outlining the context of digital governance in Telangana, emphasizing the state government's commitment to leveraging technology for governance reforms. It then delves into specific initiatives across various sectors, including e-governance, digital infrastructure, citizen services, and smart city projects. Each initiative is analyzed in terms of its objectives, implementation strategies, technological components, and outcomes. Key initiatives such as the Telangana State Portal, T App Folio mobile app, MeeSeva portal for e-services, and the T-Fiber project for broadband connectivity are discussed in detail. Additionally, the paper examines the integration of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, blockchain, and Internet of Things (IoT) in governance processes to improve efficiency and transparency. Furthermore, the paper evaluates the impact of these initiatives on governance outcomes, including enhanced service delivery, increased transparency, and improved citizen engagement. It also identifies challenges faced in the implementation process and offers recommendations for overcoming them. Overall, this paper provides valuable insights into the digital governance landscape in Telangana, showcasing the state's efforts in harnessing technology to build a more efficient, responsive, and citizen-centric administration. By documenting the successes, challenges, and lessons learned, it aims to inform policymakers, researchers, and practitioners interested in digital governance and public administration reform.

Dr gedam kamalakar

Background and Objectives: Despite the controversies that prevail regarding the efficacy of episiotomy, it is still practiced widely around the world in various degrees of prevalence. This study aimed to identify and analyze the prevalence, clinical profile, and complications of episiotomy performed on women who delivered at the Asha’ab Obstetric Emergency Center. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that involved women who had undergone vaginal delivery at the Asha’ab Obstetric Emergency Center, in Aden city, Yemen, between October 1, 2021, and March 31, 2022. Permission to conduct the study was obtained from the center’s administrative office. Results: During the study period, 858 women delivered vaginally at our center. Out of these, 443 women had had an episiotomy, representing an episiotomy prevalence of approximately 51.6%. These 443 women were enrolled in this study. The episiotomy was more common among primigravida women (n=362, 81.7%), followed by multiparous women (n=42, 9.5%). The most commonly associated medical disorder was anemia (n=167, 37.7%), followed by hypertension (n=33, 7.4%). Perineal pain (n=51, 11.5%) was the most frequently reported post-episiotomy complication, followed by perineal discomfort (n=32, 7.2%), wound infection (n=27, 6.1%), perineal bleeding (n=18, 4.1), difficulty in walking (n=9, 2.0%), wound dehiscence (n=3, 0.7%), and difficulty in defecation (n=1, 0.2%). Conclusion: The prevalence of episiotomy among women who gave birth at the Asha’ab Obstetric Emergency Center, in Aden city, Yemen, was higher than the World Health Organization recommendation, which is around 10% or less with acceptable obstetric evidence indicating the need. Further prospective large-scale studies are recommended to confirm the findings of this study.

Karishma

The presented mathematical model is used to form machine cells, optimize costs of exceptional elements and design the shop floor layout for various demands of components. The complete similarity measure algorithm forms machine cells and part families in a refined form. Later, exceptional elements are eliminated in linear programming optimization model by using machine duplication and part subcontract. Then the shop floor layout is designed to have optimized material movements between cells and within a cell. The performance evaluation of cell formation algorithm is done on case studies of various batch sizes to give the process capability compared with other similar methods. The result from a linear programming optimization model is cost savings, machines duplicated, parts subcontracted, inter intra cellular movements. Finally, the output of inbound facility design is the floor layout which has machine cell clusters with optimized floor area.

S ramesh

The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of pranayama on type-2 diabetes on metropolitan people. In the present study researcher wants to observe the effect of pranayama on type 2 diabetes on metropolitan people and to develop a specific package for type 2 diabetes. For this purpose researcher collect 60 sample from nearest diabetic Clinic and Hospital in the city and it is randomly divided into two groups one is experimental and another is control group. In the study researcher used bio-chemistry lab tools. In the study research design used Pre-test, post-test control-experimental group and researcher used two variable type 2 diabetes as dependent and pranayama used as independent variable and in the study there was significant effect of yogic practices on type 2 diabetes.

Shekhar boro

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept with many definitions and practices. The way it is understood and implemented differs greatly for each company and country. Moreover, CSR is a very broad concept that addresses many and various topics such as human rights, corporate governance, health and safety, environmental effects, working conditions and contribution to economic development. Whatever the definition is, the purpose of CSR is to drive change towards sustainability. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is now seen as an integral part of corporate strategy. The main purpose of the study is to analyze the corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities carried out by Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL). An empirical and analytical study was undertaken whereby the corporate official websites of the companies were analyzed. The most preferred CSR activities were observed to be women empowerment, self-employment, health hygiene and environment. The challenge for the companies is to determine a strong and innovative CSR strategy which should deliver high performance in ethical, environmental and social areas and meet all the stakeholders’ objectives.

Thara s shetty

Bauhinia racemosa Lam. is a tall tree growing throughout Sri Lanka, China, India, and Pakistan. Various parts of the plant have great medicinal potential in folklore medicine and are used for diarrhoea, fever, skin diseases, cough, malaria, etc. Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antispasmodic, antiulcer, cytotoxicity and hypotensive activities of Bauhinia racemosa have been reported. Different parts of this plant contain β-amyrin, β-sitosterol, kaempferol, quercetin, scopoletin, scopolin and tannins

Dr. salman ahmed

Tracing graduates has become an imperative for higher education institutions much more during the pandemic. This tracer determined the employment and employability status of the 2019 BSE graduates and identified the competencies they adequately acquired and deemed vital for work. It used descriptive design, and data were collected from the 103 graduates through a Google form with open and closed-ended questions administered between November and December 2020. Results revealed that most of the graduates had been employed in teaching and teaching-related jobs but mostly in contractual arrangements within the first and second six months after graduation. Many had their first jobs with meager salaries from the private sector. Communication, pedagogy, information communication technology, time management, and flexibility were the top competencies they adequately acquired and were beneficial in work. The study concluded that these graduates had acquired 21st-century skills in their respective degree programs. These results have corresponding implications for future research in confirming the most employable skills in secondary teaching. As recommended, classroom instruction might emphasize the development of these skills. Eventually, these become the competitive advantage and employability capitals of future graduates. Administering the licensure examination and the release of its results can be done within the first three months after graduation to lessen the cost of waiting.

Manuel caingcoy

Oecophylla longinoda has some reported medicinal uses, including antimicrobial, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities. This study was designed to investigate the Oecophylla longinoda methanol extract to evaluate the toxicity profiles of its acute and sub-acute effects. The experiments were conducted to determine the oral median lethal dose (LD50) and other gross toxicological manifestations on an acute basis. In the first phase of the acute toxicity study, three per group were administered Oecophylla longinoda at single oral doses of 10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg body weight, and 1600, 2900, and 5000 mg/kg of Oecophylla longinoda in the second phase. In the sub-acute studies, the mice were orally administered 2.5 g/kg Oecophylla longinoda per day for 14 consecutive days. Rat body weight and fluid intake were recorded during the 14 days. The rat kidney, heart, liver, and blood sera were obtained for weight, histological, and biochemical markers including glucose, cholesterol, proteins, triglycerides, enzymes including ALT, AST, and ALP, as well as electrolytes (sodium and potassium) examinations. Results show that the methanol extract of Oecophylla longinoda is safe, and no significant changes in the biochemical markers that indicate harmful effects on the kidney and liver were observed in mice. However, the liver showed slight changes while the kidneys and heart remained healthy in mice exposed to Oecophylla longinoda. The no-observed-adverse-effect limit was 5000 mg/Kg body weight/day.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Menstruation is a normal physiological impact on each girl’s life. Menstruation is monthly uterine bleeding for 3-5 days after every 28 days from puberty till menopause. A change in mood, behaviour, appearance of some abnormal vague symptoms is often noticed in the second half of the cycle. Symptoms are severe enough to disturb the life cycle of a woman called premenstrual syndrome (PMS). The study aimed to assess the premenstrual symptoms and coping strategies among adolescent girls. The majority of the students suffered from premenstrual syndrome. Objective: to assess the premenstrual symptoms and coping strategies among adolescent girls. Methodology: A nonexperimental descriptive research design was adopted in this study. Non probability convenient sampling technique was used to select the sample size of 30 adolescent girls. The assessment of premenstrual symptoms and coping strategies was carried out using a self-reported Likert’s rating scale. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: Majority (93.3%) of the samples sometimes had physiological and psychological problems, 90% of them had behavioural symptoms. Majority (43.3%) of the samples always followed coping strategies and 16.7% of the samples sometimes followed coping strategies and 40% never followed any coping strategies. Conclusion: PMS was common among students at 18-24 years. The most common physical symptoms experienced by adolescent girls were headache, backache and lower abdominal pain. Adolescent girls used coping strategies as taking hot / cold drinks, do not express anger to others, and turn to study and forget things, hearing music and taking medications. Keywords: Premenstrual Symptoms, physiological, psychological & behavioural symptoms, Coping Strategies, Adolescent Girls.

Elsi queen

Internet of things describes the network of physical objects such as sensors, receivers, transmitters and other technologies which are used in VCN. In Vehicular communication network two or more vehicles are communicate with each other. VCN use advanced technologies to solve transportation related problems like long traffic delays, road accidents and air pollution. IOT based technologies make vehicular network smart. In this chapter we reviewed about network resource allocation security techniques, challenges and also discuss how we can make vehicular communication network smarter. We reviewed about different models and schemes for V2V communication. These schemes were developed to ensure a fair, efficient and transparent allocation of resource in an intelligent transportation system.

Vartika agarwal

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common genetic diseases worldwide, with very high prevalence rates in sub-Saharan Africa, especially Nigeria. Given the importanceand benefits of newborn screening (NBS), it is essential to assess awareness and acceptance of NBS for SCD and the factors influencing its acceptance in this region. Methods: This was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study that examined pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic for their first visit between August 1 and October 31, 2023. This antenatal clinic has an average annual attendance of 1,521 pregnant women who come for their first visit. The data obtained were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 20), and the results were presented in prose, tables, and figures as appropriate. A level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Three hundred and two (302) pregnant women were recruited for the study. Though there was low awareness (13.2%), there was a high acceptance rate (96.7%) of NBS for SCD amongst the women studied. However, the type of marriage (monogamous marriage, p = 0.029) was the only factor found to have a significant relationship with the respondents’ willingness to accept NBS for SCD. Conclusions: Community education, with an emphasis on married couples, women of reproductive age, and religious leaders, should be intensified. The monogamous marriage setting may reflect marital stability, social support, or correlated socioeconomic factors on health decision-making. However, this may have different implications in different societies.

Karishma