This study investigated the practice of artificial fruit ripening among fruit vendors of banana, plantain, mango and pawpaw in Rivers State. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey design. Two objectives, corresponding research questions and null hypotheses guided the study. The population for the study comprised all the accessible 1,810 fruit vendors in Rivers East senatorial district. A sample size of 472 fruit vendors was drawn using multi-stage sampling procedure. A validated self-structured questionnaire titled ‘Practice of Artificial Fruit Ripening’ with inter-scale reliability co- efficient of 0.896 was used as instrument for data collection. The descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while inferential statistics of Z-test and One-Way Analysis of Variance were used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. It was found that fruit vendors in Rivers State sometimes practiced artificial fruit ripening using chemical and non-chemical methods. It was also discovered that regardless of their level of education and years of experience in the fruit business, the fruit vendors sometimes indulged in unhealthy practice of artificial fruit ripening. More so, the study revealed significant difference in practice among the fruit vendors in Rivers State based on level of education and years of experience. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the current practice of artificial fruit ripening in Rivers State is not in tandem with global best practices and therefore portend danger to the wellbeing of Rivers people and other Nigerians. The study therefore recommended among others that; community health workers should carry-out regular and effective health awareness campaigns concerning the dangers of using chemicals to ripen fruits. The Government of Rivers State through the Ministry of Agriculture should organise training programmes for fruit vendors on faster, safer, and economically feasible methods of fruits ripening and other post-harvest management techniques

Fxintegrity publishing

COVID-19 pandemic has spread all over the world and has caused psychological impacts. Medical students are known to be vulnerable population, experiencing higher levels of anxiety, depression and other psychological disorders compared to non-medical students. The nature of life changes like what happened and still happening during the pandemic have its impact on mental health of the students. The aim of this study was to identify the psychological impacts of COVID-19 on medical students among different universities to develop profiles to characterize students' anticipated levels of psychological impacts during the pandemic. Also, to search for potential risk factors that could make students more likely to experience these impacts. An online survey was filled by medical students (n = 100) at faculties of medicine, dentistry, pharmacy and medical sciences of different universities: University of Benghazi, Libyan International Medical University, Omar Almokhtar University, Cairo University and Alexandria University. The students were taken to the further analysis. Thus, 55% of the participants had psychological impacts due to the pandemic and 17% had severe effect. Some of these impacts were actually positive as a large number (58%) of the participants felt relaxed during the pandemic. Multiple stressors were identified that contributed to the increased levels of stress, anxiety and depression. These included concern about academic performance (80%), concern about self/dear-one’s health (90%), difficulty with concentration (46%), disruption to sleeping patterns (78%), increased social isolation (26%), disruption to eating patterns (48%), changing in the living environment (26%), financial difficulties (34%) increased class workload (20%) depressive thoughts (37%) and suicidal thoughts (07%). In conclusion, the study indicates that COVID-19 pandemic have positive and negative impacts on medical students. Thus, it is suggested that measures need to alleviate students’ stress, which might have harmful effects in different aspects.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

The study of diabetes is not only limited to particular symptoms, but it is consequently affects the pathological and functional changes in the metabolic pathways of human body system. In those symptomatic diseases various drugs are used to treat the diabetes such as biosimilar therapy including use of insulin and insulin analogues, oral hypoglycaemic agents and various other complementary medicines. In understanding of suggested potential antidiabetic, effect of M. charaantia Linn. on fasting blood sugar levels and its biochemical analysis in alloxan- induced diabetic rats were investigated. The extracts of M. charaantia Linn. Produced a significant antidiabetic activity at normal dose levels of their lethal doses. A comparison between the action of reduction in blood glucose level in different dose forms of M. charantia extract and Std. drug were seen. An oral glucose tolerance or oral tolerance test were performed with the use of glucose strip Accu-check meter. The different extract viz. ethanol extract + water, petroleum ether + Isopropyl alcohol extract were used for further dosing purpose. The ethanol + water extract were showed significant (P<0.001) antidiabetic activity. In alloxan induced rat model blood glucose level were as, 214.5±5 mg/dLfor std.drug and 216.5±5 mg/dL in comparison with diabetic control 225.5±5 mg/dL. An ANOVA was used for the statistical analysis and p-values less than 0.01 compared to normal group and 0.05 compared to diabetic control group were considered statistically significant. The extract of M.charantia Linn. from seed at the dose of 250 mg/kg, significantly shows the better result in reduction of blood glucose level as compared to the concentration of 500 mg/kg. The increased level of glucose due to the damage of pancreas showed regeneration of pancreatic enzymes by extract of M. charaantia Linn. Which were damaged by alloxan treatment. These solvent extract also balance the body weight loss in diabetic rat, hence the present extract shows the potential to act as antidiabetic drug.

Dr. wahul umesh b

Hypnea pannosa J. Agardh (a methanol extract of the whole alga) was subjected to antifungal screening. The extract showed good activity against Trichophyton longifusus, low activity against Candida glabrata, and inactivity against Fusarium solani.

Dr. salman ahmed

Vitamin C is associated with history of the cause of the ancient hemorrhagic disease scurvy. Vitamin C is an essential nutrient with important antioxidant properties. It is required by the body for normal physiological function. The body cannot synthesize vitamin C, it is present in nature through foods and other natural sources and it exists as a nutritional food supplement. The antioxidant activity of vitamin C protects the body from free radical damage. Vitamin C is essential for the development and maintenance of connective tissues. It is used as therapeutic agent in many diseases and disorders. Vitamin C plays an important role in several metabolic functions, as the conversion of the amino acid, tryptophan, to the neurotransmitter, serotonin, and the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids. Vitamin C supplementation resulted in a significant increase in vitamin C levels in populations; its high intake is associated with positive effects on cardiovascular risk factors. Vitamin C protects the immune system, reduces the severity of allergic reactions and helps to fight infections. It has an important role in bone formation, wound healing and the maintenance of healthy gums. There is profound beneficial effect of vitamin C in respect to human diseases as cancer, atherosclerosis, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease and many metal toxicities. Several vitamin C analogs have been produced as anticancer and antioxidant activity. Vitamin C is useful if it is used as adjuvant therapy for several chronic diseases. Thus, this review summarizes the importance of vitamin C in the body’s physiology and biochemistry, in addition, the different mechanisms that vitamin C is implicated to treat different acute and chronic diseases. Future exploration should pay attention to chronic disease management by vitamin C.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

The problem of chemical fertilizers and pesticides can be solved by the action of plant growth promoting fungi (PGPF). The indigenous fungal isolates obtained from the rhizosphere soil can be used as they are said to solubilize the insoluble zinc, phosphorous, potassium etc. They are known to control the different fungal pathogens and thus promoting the plant growth and health. In the present study, attempt was made to isolate soil beneficial fungi from the rhizosphere soil samples of important medicinal plants such as Aegle marmelos, Azardirachta indica and Citrus limon. A total of 22 fungal isolates was isolated and screened for their efficacy on phosphate and zinc solubilization and antagonistic potential against selected plant pathogenic fungi under in vitro condition and the isolates were identified up to species level.

Dr. saranya devi k

Social competence is often seen as a desirable trait during adolescence as it is considered as a protective factor in resilient individuals. It promotes personal and interpersonal effectiveness by enhancing skills needed for dealing with environmental challenges in daily life situations. Poor social competence has been associated with a number of psychosocial troubles during adolescence, including mental disorders, emotional and behavioral problems. Of the many skill building programs used to enhance adolescent social competence, Life Skills Education and Training have been significant ones. The present study investigates the utility of life skills training in enhancing social competency during adolescence. A pre- and post-test experimental design was used in the study to analyze the stated objectives. Adolescent Social Competency Scale was used to select the study sample. 160 adolescent students (mean age=16.44) who scored low on social competence participated in the study. These were randomly divided into the experimental and control group (n=80), consisting of equal number of male and female adolescents (n=40). Participants in the experimental group were trained on six of the ten core life skills, based on the module prepared by the researcher. The training lasted for 10 sessions following which post-test assessments were done. Data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics like mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics including independent sample t-test and repeated measures of ANOVA. The results of the study indicate a significant effect of life skills training in enhancing adolescent social competence, irrespective of gender.

Hita claudia rao

By January 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 has spread internationally to a pandemic that mainly targets the respiratory system. The relevant infectious disease has been identified as coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) by World Health Organization and declared as a global pandemic. In Libya, National Center for Disease Control reported the first case of coronavirus disease-2019 on 24th March, 2020. The authorities decided to close borders and activate designated treatment centers to deal with COVID-19 cases and contain the outbreak of SARS-COV-2. This study aimed to assess and evaluate the pharmaceutical situation of medications used in pharmacological management of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Tripoli, Libya. Three WHO availability indicators were selected to be studied and reported. A comprehensive list of medicines used in the management of hospitalized COVID-19 patients was constructed after reviewing and comparing seven national and international pharmacological management protocols and guidelines for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. This comparison revealed that nearly 50 medications are intended for use in COVID-19 inpatient pharmacological management. They all agreed about the use of three medications, representing one from each main class. This list was used to cross check their availability at the chosen designated COVID-19 treatment center. This study proved that local treatment center’s protocol is more in line with international guidelines than the national treatment guideline. The later was issued on March 2020. The Libyan National Essential Medicines’ List contained 25 out of 50 medications of the comprehensive list based on the last update in April 2019. This study recommends that national treatment guidelines and National Essential Medicines’ list require updating. Not all medications used in COVID-19 inpatient management were available in local treatment centers, although, the Emergency Management Department of Ministry of Health in Libya is responsible for the supply of the required medical supplies and medications to the COVID-19 treatment centers.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

The use of geo-morphometric variables to discriminate fish populations is one of the appropriate, effective and widely adopted approaches to study population dynamics. To determine intrinsic population variability in goldstripe ponyfish, Karalla daura sampled from Keti Bunder, Karachi Fish Harbour, Hawks Bay and Pasni along the coastal belt of Pakistan. Size frequency distribution based on normal distribution demonstrates that individuals of 13 cm total length were common in all groups. Some fifteen morphometric and six geometric variables were used to develop Principal Component Analysis (PCA) that revealed (76%, 13.9% and 9.8%) variation deduced from first three components. The population sampled from Karachi fish harbors showed significant taxonomic variability. An eigenvalue 7.251 and canonical correlation 0.937 among four groups was appraised from PCI whereas Wilks’ Lambda test of function λ = 0.27 was significant at P <0.05. The highest variance percentage was the most correlated among the groups defined by total length, girth, 2nd dorsal fin, pectoral fin rays, eye dia, snout to extended gill cover and head length parameters. PC-II accounted for 13.9% of the variance that are more correlated with standard length, snout to eye tip, eye tip to first dorsal fin, base of 1st dorsal fin, last fin ray to tip of caudal, anal fin ray to pelvic fin ray, chin to snout and pelvic fin to pectoral fin. PC-III showed 9.8% variance with fork length, total weight, anal fin rays, last anal fin ray to 1st dorsal fin, tip of caudal fin to last anal fin ray, last anal fin ray to 1st anal fin, first pelvic fin to chin, eye to chin, 1st dorsal fin to last anal fin ray and last dorsal ray to last anal fin ray. among the groups. Whereas PC-IV has 0.3 % variance denoted by total weight, tip caudal fin to last anal fin ray. The PCA displayed a clear discrimination by sampling site, especially specimen from Karachi fish harbor were distinct from other location. Keti Bandar specimen was not dispersing as much as by geographical discrimination. Overall, results revealed that different topographies and environmental conditions causing significant variation in populations of Karalla daura. Therefore, it is assumed that this species has ability to adopt different ecosystem for survival despite acquiring adverse impact on phenotypic characteristics.

Imtiaz kashani

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The requirements of stakeholders for the qualitative transformation of the approaches of industrial enterprises – environmental users to introduction of economic activities cause an increase in the role of environmental responsibility as their strategic priority for development. The purpose of the study is to improve the practical tools for calculating and developing strategies for the development of environmental responsibility of industrial enterprises. METHODS: In the study, tools for assessing the level of environmental initiative of an industrial enterprise as an integrated indicator of environmental initiative are suggested. It is expressed as the arithmetic mean of ten factors of environmentally proactive behavior of industrial enterprises. To achieve the objectives of the study, methods of criterion-qualitative assessment are suggested, such as expert assessment and survey. The assessment system includes ten factors rated on a 10-point scale and weighted by significance. The integrated indicator of the environmental initiative acquires values within, is a stimulant of environmental responsibility. FINDING: One justified a scientific and methodological approach to assessing the level of environmental responsibility or the industrial enterprise, including calculation of the corresponding taxonomic indicator with consideration of the quantitative factors of its environmental responsibility and the qualitative and quantitative factors of environmental initiative. This enables the possibility to assess the relevant state of environmental responsibility and determine the volumes for further correction of the ecological strategy for the development of the industrial enterprise. CONCLUSION: As a conclusion, practical recommendations are made for the implementation of organizational and economic support of environmental responsibility in the development strategy of an industrial enterprise taking into account the impact of its environmental initiative and environmental duty. The level of environmental responsibility of industrial enterprises taken into account when developing recommendations on adjustment of their environmental strategy of development is determined, which as a whole allowed to form organizational and economic support for environmental responsibility of the enterprises under study. Thus, an enterprise, which only ensures compliance with environmental emission standards (compensation strategy or sufficiency strategy) cannot be characterized by a high level of environmental responsibility. To ensure a high level of environmental responsibility, an industrial enterprise must rely on a proactive strategy or a strategy for sustainable use of nature.

Professor j. nouri

The purpose of this study is to describe the planning, implementation and evaluation of the tahfidzul Al-Qur'an program for students volume 5 at MI Muhammadiyah 02 Pontang Ambulu Jember. This study uses a qualitative approach and the technique of determining data sources using purposive sampling. Collecting data through observation, interviews and documentaries. Data analysis, descriptive qualitative with data reduction steps, data presentation, conclusion drawing/verification. To check the validity of the data using triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of the research show: (1) Planning the tahfidzul Al-Qur'an program for students volume 5 at MI Muhammadiyah 02 Pontang Ambulu Jember, namely: determining the goal of memorizing 2 letters Al-Insyiqaq and Al-Muthoffifin, instilling a love of the Qur'an since early, Content of material, determine method, Determination of media, Determination of evaluation. (2) The implementation of the tahfidzul Al-Qur'an program for students volume 5 at MI Muhammadiyah 02 Pontang Ambulu Jember, namely: students memorizing letters Al-Insyiqaq and Al-Muthoffifin, reading letters according to makhraj and tajwid, Submission of material by teachers, using tilawati method by listening, imitating, reading together and repeatedly, using Juz 'Amma, Al-Qur'an and murottal media. (3) Evaluation of the tahfidzul Al-Qur'an program for students volume 5 at MI Muhammadiyah 02 Pontang Ambulu Jember, namely: evaluation of objectives, evaluation of material based on the target of memorizing letters Al-Insyiqaq and Al-Muthoffifin and not experiencing difficulties, evaluation of methods, formative evaluation at the end of each lesson and letter increase.

Educare: journal of primary education

People management is a very significant facet for organizations to keep up with competition. At the sme level, talent management is not a smple human resource terminology that one comes across. The concept of talent management requires the human resource to hire, manage, develop, and retain a productive workforce. Indeed, companies that employ talent management stay competitive through systematic and consistent decisions about worker development. The study outlines the proposal’s hypothesis or questions, literary analysis relevant to the topic, theoretical frameworks, and advantages and disadvantages of the applicable frameworks.

Zamzam abdelazim

Pharmacists are expected to play major roles as members of diverse perioperative care teams besides implementing medication safety standards, pharmacist’s roles include optimizing drug therapy and other clinical interventions. Yet, developing general perioperative management as another crucial role operation room, pharmacists play and incorporating it into pharmaceutical education would be important. Enriching perioperative care provided by pharmacists can contribute toward improving the clinical competence of these professionals. Presently, there are no pharmacists in Zawia who participate in perioperative care. The objective of this study was to assess the pharmacist's knowledge of general anesthesia and drugs used to anesthetize patients who suffer from hypertension. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Zawia City, Tripoli in 2023. A self-designed questionnaire was distributed to 100 pharmacists. The study found that more than half of the pharmacists have humble knowledge about the drugs used in anesthesia, the findings indicated weakness in their information about drugs used to manage hypertension in surgery, and 36.0% know that sodium nitroprusside is used to control blood pressure during the operation. In conclusion, this study reported that some of the study's pharmacist participants had weak points that contributed to a high percentage of incorrect knowledge. These weak points may be attributable to poor educational preparation or a lack of training before the pharmacists began working in hospitals.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Gender Bias is an ambivalent issue all over the world. Understanding the values of being a man on women by one another may solve many consequences in future. Gender Bias will be dismissed by empowering women in the society. Because of the Gender Bias particularly women are in despaired state. UNO and many organizations have taken many decisions and efforts to empower women which will reduce the impacts of Gender Bias. Even though women are empowered we didn’t get remarkable result yet. Even our society is ridicule get ride from traditional customs but women themselves are opponent for accepting new rules and liberations. Empowering women is a mandated one; it is not implemented properly empower must bring the equal rights to women.

Priya darshini

This paper investigates the deep learning techniques to improve radio resource management (RRM) in vehicular communication network (VCN). In this paper, the deep learning algorithms are highlighted which are used for RRM. Deep learning technique in RRM is basically used to train the model using various algorithms of resource management including network data. Various machine learning tools will be helpful to get best solutions for resource allocation in a large cellular network.

Vartika agarwal

This study outlines the different kinds of information resources available, the current situation of digital preservation, the requests of librarians and users, and offers recommendations, although limited, for future research on storage mediums, transfers, conversions, and general management techniques. Libraries worldwide have had to address a number of concerns related to digital information preservation, including organizational, resource, legal, and technical ones. Despite the fact that libraries have been exploring a variety of preservation techniques, including emulation, migration, and technology preservation, there is still a need for a preservation approach that is both financially realistic and widely accepted. Digital content access is ensured over time through a combination of rules, strategies, and actions known as digital preservation. An information resource is any component of a computer system that is only partially available; an electronic resource is information that can be stored as electrical signals; and a web resource is a data source that is accessible over the World Wide Web. It is important to preserve information of long-term value so that future generations can access it. This is the goal of information source preservation. Formal preservation programs have been launched for conventional resources in document, microform, photographic, and, to a lesser extent, audio-visual formats by numerous large libraries, information centers, and archives in recent decades. The field of digital preservation is still quite experimental and fraught with the dangers of using unproven techniques. The introduction of digital preservation adds to the challenge facing documents and library services in maintaining a legacy of documents in traditional formats.

Dr. awadhesh singh gautam

Background: There is a lack of data on current tuberculosis (TB) burden in Shabwah Governorates in Yemen. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, epidemiology, and outcomes of TB disease in Shabwah Governorate, Yemen. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the National TB Program (NTP) Center in Ataq City, Shabwah Governorate, Yemen. The study involved TB patients of different ages who were notified at the center between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021. Results: We involved a total of 123 new active TB cases, including 86 (69.9%) with pulmonary TB (PTB) and 37 (30.1%) with extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). The total prevalence of TB disease during the year 2021 was 14.5 new TB cases per 100,000 population, while the median age of the study population was 34 years. The majority of the cases (23.6%) belonged to age group 15–24 years. There was a slightly higher preponderance of males 54.5% (n=67). EPTB was detected in 37 (30.1%) patients with lymph node TB being the most common manifestation [17 (46.0%)]. All patients received four-drug anti-TB therapies for 6–12 months. Most patients 111 (90.3%) were cured, and 2 (1.6%) patients died during the course of the disease, while 10 (8.1%) patients were lost during follow-up. Conclusion: The prevalence of TB in Shabwah Governorate was 14.5/100,000 population. Male patients and younger age groups were more affected, while the lymph nodes were the main extrapulmonary sites involved and the cure rate was 90.2%. The results of the study indicate the need to revise the notification form for active TB cases and to expand NTP activities to focus on targeted screening for active TB cases in high-risk groups to close the gap in unidentified TB cases.

Karishma

The skin provides an effective barrier and only limited number of drugs can penetrate in adequate amounts. This study aims to identify the relationship between the physicochemical properties and permeation across mouse skin of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in view of their feasibility to transdermal delivery. Biphenylacetic acid, diclofenac base, diclofenac sodium, indomethacin and piroxicam are the drugs studied. Number of physicochemical properties studies were performed. Drug permeation studies across hairless mouse skin were carried out using an in-vitro finite dosing diffusion cell. The relationship between physicochemical properties of the drugs studied and their percutaneous penetration was studied. Purity for the compounds studied ranged from 99.09% to 100% in which 99.89% purity was obtained for diclofenac base. At 7.4, the % ionized of piroxicam was found to be 95.12%, while for other drugs were in the range of 98.01% and 99.96%. The true partition coefficient values in the n-octanol/water system are in the range of 1.85 and 2.85, while in the n-octanol/phosphate system ranged from 2.14 to 3.70. Observed solubility in water, phosphate buffer and n-octanol ranged from 0.033 to 0.322, 0.202 to 0.329 mg per ml, and 2.19 to 16.10 mg per ml, respectively. A linear relationship was found between water solubility and melting point between steady-state rates of permeation across intact and viable skin, between n-octanol solubility and maximum predicted flux and between molecular volume and the ratio of maximum predicted flux. Predicted flux calculated was compared with the experimental data which resulted in a high correlation. Physicochemical criteria which were determined the feasibility of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs studied for transdermal delivery were identified. The relationships obtained in this study provide an essential physical and chemical properties that govern transport of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs across hairless mouse skin.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Increasing presence of women in economic pursuits like entrepreneurship activities is believed to be the result of development policies. This belief ignores the role of socioeconomic factors in the growth and development of women entrepreneurship. Many women entered the world of business and they have become successful entrepreneurs in various business activities. Women entrepreneurs in Dakshina Kannada district have set up business ventures in a range of industries. The study has been conducted to know the extent of problems faced in managing work and life by women entrepreneurs. Majority of the respondents started their business or service to become independent and to meet the financial needs of their family. From the study it has to be found that majority of the women find it difficult to manage their work and family and they are trying to overcome these difficulties by time management and with the help of their family members.

Thara s shetty

This study aims to determine the functional literacy acquisition of Alternative Learning System learners and make a sound basis for strategic planning and pedagogical intervention that will help promote and develop the said program. The descriptive-evaluative method of research was used in the study. The descriptive method was used to identify the respondents' profile based on (a) age, (b) gender, (c) civil status, and (d) employment status. The evaluative method was used to determine the respondents' functional literacy acquisition in (a) communication skills, (b) scientific and critical thinking skills, (c) mathematical and problem solving skills, (d) life and career skills, (e) understanding the self and society, and (f) digital citizenship (formerly digital literacy). Frequency Count and Percentage Technique was used to describe the functional literacy acquisition of the respondents. Meanwhile, a modified survey questionnaire based on the functional literacy, education and mass media survey ("National Profile of Adult Literacy and Numeracy Skills," 2004, p. 91) was used as the primary tool to gather the data. The respondents in this study were the students enrolled in ALS-Sipocot (North and South District), the school year 2019-2020. Due to COVID restrictions, other ALS learners from other municipalities were not covered as part of the study. Findings revealed that ALS learners do not yet manifest the complete acquisition of functional literacy needed to face the globalized world's challenges because their attainment of the required functional literacy skills is generally low. Moreover, the study disclosed that sex, age, civil status, and employment status affect the acquisition of functional literacy skills among ALS learners in Sipocot, Camarines Sur. Based on the results, the researcher developed an extension activity to help the ALS learners improve their functional literacy, particularly in the digital citizenship area, where they got the lowest score.

Darrel ocampo