Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication is an advance application and thrust area of research. In the current research, the authors highlighted the technologies which are used in V2V communication systems. Advantage of such technology is that it helps to detect live location and tolling. It plays an important role if there are huge amount of traffic. The current research work can obtain more information about Li-Fi, RFID, VANET, and LORAWAN technology. Li-Fi is known as VLC communication system that uses visible light for high data transmission and reception. RFID technology helps the emergency vehicle to reach destination quickly by avoiding any kind of traffic. LORAWAN is a large-scale network technology with a long range and VANET with low power that allows to obtain accurate traffic information on each route and this saves time. The comparison between the different technologies is reviewed in order to obtain the optimized technology as per the applications.

Vartika agarwal

Frequent power outages arising from poor state of electricity infrastructure is hindering Nigeria’s socio-economic growth. Port Harcourt is one of the foremost cities in Nigeria where business and social activities are becoming rapidly more dependent on electricity. Any power outage, even of the shortest duration, in Port Harcourt City has severe socio-economic impacts and there is no likelihood that the phenomenon would abate even in the nearest future. This research investigated the causes of incessant power outages in Port Harcourt City and suggested remedial measures to reverse the trend. The researcher relied on datacollected from primary sources through personal observations, interviews and discussions with residents of the City and from secondary sources such as the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN) and current scholarly literature relating to this research, over a period of twelve months. The study used a descriptive and the non-parametric simple percentages technique in analysing the data so collected and in drawing conclusions. It was found that inadequate power generating capacity, shortage of gas, weak and dilapidated electrical transmission and distribution network, inadequate power infrastructure facilities, etc. are the chief causes of incessant power outages in the Port Harcourt metropolis. The paper recommends, among others, immediate upgrade of existing power infrastructure facilities, review of government policy on domestic gas supply and stiff statutory legislation on vandalism as measures to stabilise electricity supply in the Port Harcourt city.

Dr. hachimenum amadi

This paper examines the influence of empowerment on job satisfaction in five-star hotels in Jordan. The influence of empowerment on job satisfaction remains a relatively unexplored area. A 52-item questionnaire, measuring empowerment and job satisfaction, was distributed to 332 employees in 12 five-star hotels in Jordan with a 56% response rate. Principal components analysis determined the factor structure and regression analysis determined the influence of empowerment on job satisfaction. The results revealed both structural and psychological empowerment have significant individual influences on job satisfaction, but more significant when structural and psychological empowerment are combined. Most of previous studies were conducted in western economies and little in the Middle East generally and Jordan in particular. This research contributes to the literature by including both dimensions of empowerment where previous scholars used only one.

Mukhles m. al-ababneh

Vaccines avoid many illnesses and save many lives every year. As a result of common vaccine use, the smallpox virus has entirely been eradicated and the occurrence of measles, polio and other childhood diseases have considerably been abridged around the world. Classical vaccine strategies, for instance inactivated pathogen, live attenuated and subunit vaccines, offer strong protection against diversity of hazardous diseases. In spite of this achievement, there remain chief obstacles to vaccine development against a diversity of infectious pathogens, part-icularly those better able to avoid the adaptive immune response. Furthermore, for most emer-ging virus vaccines, the main barrier is not the efficiency of usual approaches but the requirements for more rapid development and large-scale use. Nucleic acid therapeutics have appeared as hopeful option to classical vaccine approaches.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Tobacco smoking negatively affects the quality of saliva and affects many biological parameters including salivary α-amylase enzyme activity. Salivary α-amylase enzyme is essential for the catabolism of carbohydrates. Forty- five healthy male volunteers aged between 18 and 69 years (40.0 ± 15.0) were divided into two groups, namely, the control group (n = 21) and the cigarette smoker group (n = 24). The effect of smoking on salivary α-amylase enzyme activity depends on the number of smoked cigarettes per day and the type of cigarettes as well as the period for how long the person smoking tobacco cigarettes was investigated. Different methods were used to analyze the activity of salivary α-amylase enzyme including the dinitrosalicylic acid method (standard colorimetric method). The results showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in salivary α-amylase activity in Libyan smokers compared to the non-smokers in the morning and night, also, the findings showed a significant decline in salivary α-amylase activity during the increasing smoking period. The activity of salivary α-amylase in the young age smokers group increases in morning and night compared to the non-smokers group. There is no change in the activity of salivary α-amylase in the middle and older adult groups in the morning and night compared to young smokers group. In conclusion, smoking for a long period time more than 20 cigarettes per day decreases the activity of salivary α-amylase in Libyan subjects.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Subcutaneous emphysema is defined as a trapped air in tissues under the skin. This entity most often occurs in the chest wall and neck but can infrequently happen in other parts of the body like the orbital area [1]. The main mechanism of subcutaneous emphysema is the traumatic damage of the anatomical air-filled cavities or canals. Most of the rare, reported cases of orbital and periorbital emphysema were described in adults as complications of several types of traumas, including direct trauma, recent or previous surgery [2,3], barotrauma secondary to non-invasive ventilation, such as continuous positive airway pressure therapy [4], and even post forceful noseblowing [5]. In this report, we described the first reported case of post-vomiting subcutaneous emphysema surrounding the medial canthus of the right eye in a 10-year-old boy.

Karishma

Crude methanol extracts of the leaves of Adenanthera pavonina L., Peltoforum roxburghii L, Prosopis cineraria L., and Prosopis juliflora DC., were evaluated for anti-emetic activity. Emesis was induced by the oral administration of copper sulphate 50mg/kg body weight to male chicks of four days age. The anti-emetic activity was determined by calculating the mean decrease in number of retching in contrast with those of control. All extracts (150 mg / kg body weight orally) showed anti-emetic activity when compared with standard drug Chlorpromazine at the same dose. Among all the extracts, Prosopis juliflora showed the highest (73.64%) and Adenanthera pavonina showed the lowest (50.17%) anti-emetic activity

Dr. salman ahmed

Newborn or neonate denotes to an infant in the first few days after birth. They are not small children when it comes to medicinal use and formulation development. Neonates include term, post-term and preterm babies. The neonatal period for preterm newborn infants is defined as the day of birth through to the expected date of delivery plus 27 days. The majority of drugs used in sick newborns receiving intensive care are unlicensed and off-label, exposing infants to a greater risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This study is extremely important due to the presence of a variety of drug information sources if used together lead to medication errors. From this point of view, this approach is suggested to eliminate or minimize these varieties. Where the most important challenges in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is proper and correct calculations and administration. Drug-related events in a hospital setting are the highest cause of recorded errors such as in the USA and UK

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Higher Education has an important role in the task of rebuilding a nation and it pavCes the way for overall development of a nation. The twentieth century has witnessed several revolutions like Green revolution, White revolution, I.T revolution, so on and so forth, taking human civilization to new heights. At the start of 21st century, we gave a lot of importance given to higher education. Every country realized the value of higher education and the benefits that accrue from it. “The social demands for higher education continue to increase. The inabilities of the state to support this growing demand result in new financing arrangements for higher education. The recent reforms in this area could be broadly divided into two categories: the privatization of public institutions and the establishment of private institutions of higher education. Privatization implies the application of market principles in the operation of public institutions, while ownership rests within the public domain. Promotion of the private sector implies the growth and expansion of the non-state sector in higher education, and very often this sector does not rely on state funding for its growth and expansion. Both of these measures have paved the way for market operations in higher education

Dr gedam kamalakar

Brain tumors (BTs) are deadly diseases that can strike people of every age, all over the world. Every year, thousands of people die of brain tumors. Brain-related diagnoses require caution, and even the smallest error in diagnosis can have negative repercussions. Medical errors in brain tumor diagnosis are common and frequently result in higher patient mortality rates. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used for tumor evaluation and detection. However, MRI generates large amounts of data, making manual segmentation difficult and laborious work, limiting the use of accurate measurements in clinical practice. As a result, automated and dependable segmentation methods are required. Automatic segmentation and early detection of brain tumors are difficult tasks in computer vision due to their high spatial and structural variability. Therefore, early diagnosis or detection and treatment are critical. Various traditional Machine learning (ML) techniques have been used to detect various types of brain tumors. The main issue with these models is that the features were manually extracted. To address the aforementioned insightful issues, this paper presents a hybrid deep transfer learning (GN-AlexNet) model of BT tri-classification (pituitary, meningioma, and glioma). The proposed model combines GoogleNet architecture with the AlexNet model by removing the five layers of GoogleNet and adding ten layers of the AlexNet model, which extracts features and classifies them automatically. On the same CE-MRI dataset, the proposed model was compared to transfer learning techniques (VGG-16, AlexNet, SqeezNet, ResNet, and MobileNet-V2) and ML/DL. The proposed model outperformed the current methods in terms of accuracy and sensitivity (accuracy of 99.51% and sensitivity of 98.90%).

Mehdhar s. a. m. al-gaashani

Industrial waste is one of the most essential sources of contamination in the environment. Chromium (Cr) is a toxic heavy metal, a major contaminant in tannery wastes and its accumulation in soil and water is a major environmental concern today. In the present study, an attempt was made and investigated the status of different beneficial microbes particularly plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from tannery sludge samples collected from tannery effluent treatment plant at Dindugal, Tamil Nadu, India. Experiments were conducted and evaluated their chromium heavy metal tolerance abilities and plant growth promoting activities under in-vitro. Based on molecular analysis, the PGPRs were identified as Achromobacter xylosoxidans (LK391696), Azotobacter vinelandii (LK391702) and. The production of IAA was found to be high by Achromobacter xylosoxidans (46μg/ml) followed by Azospirillum lipoferum (30μg/ml). Phosphate solublization activity was also found to be positive in all these PGPR isolates. Significance of these results revealed that there is a possibility of using these potential PGPRs for bioremediation of chromium contaminated sites and also as good plant growth promoter.

Dr. saranya devi k

Cloud computing is used to achieve sustainability in terms of computing. It reduces energy and resource consumption. Most of the companies have been moving their applications to the cloud to reduce power, energy re-source, and carbon emission. Today's computing landscape is rapidly shifting toward creating applications to leverage Cloud platforms to have necessary features such as elasticity, virtualization, low cost, and pay-per-use. Cloud computing's rising demand and versatility are achieving acceptance in the research community as a means of implementing large-scale electronic systems in the format of workflows (set of tasks). One of the most important objectives of this effort is to trim down makespan which is the total period taken by the resources to complete all workflow activities. Another foremost objective of this work is to satiate all the user-delineated time constraints while scheduling workflow activities.

Mohd haroon

This article explores how telemedicine, especially with the help of artificial intelligence (AI), is transforming healthcare. It covers its applications in monitoring patients, managing chronic diseases like diabetes, and improving cardiovascular care. The importance of wearable devices and non-invasive blood glucose monitoring is highlighted. The article emphasizes how AI-driven remote patient monitoring can enhance healthcare by providing early intervention, reducing hospitalizations, and offering personalized care.

Dhruvitkumar talati

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is defined as a blood pressure (BP) ≥140/90 mm Hg. The prevalence and mortality from HTN, globally and locally, have been on the increase since the 1980s. This study aimed to detect young adults (18-40 years) in Enugu State who are hypertensive, in order to raise the awareness that HTN is also common in young adults. Its early diagnosis and management could help to reverse the trend in the number of cases of HTN in Nigeria which had been predicted could hit 39.1 million by 2030 if the present trend is allowed to continue. Methods: Participants were administered with structured questionnaire. Their BPs, heights and weights were measured using sphygmomanometer, stadiometer and scale balance respectively. Data were analyzed as proportions, Pearson product moment correlations and Chi square tests using MaxStat (version 3.60) statistical software. Results: The overall prevalence of HTN was 21.3%; 20.7% in the 18-29 years age group; 25.9% in the 30-40 years age group; 24.3%, in males; and 20.3% in females. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient r between age and HTN=0.462, between sex and HTN=0.328, between family history and HTN = 0.513, between salt intake and HTN=0.613, between BMI and HTN=0.152, between physical activity and HTN=0.293, between smoking and HTN=0.308. Conclusions: HTN in young adults is more common than previously thought and if unmanaged in early life usually progresses to HTN later in life.

Emmanuel umegbolu

The rate of aging is rapidly increasing and the term of geriatric refers to offer a medical care to elderly people. Drug consumption study on geriatric population is a vital issue since this group is totally neglected in Libya. The aim of this study was to assess drug utilization pattern among elderly patients in terms of world health organization core prescribing indicators and to evaluate the treatment cost. A total of 106 prescriptions were randomly collected from different community pharmacies located in Tripoli during the summer 2019, and were evaluated (total number of prescribed drugs is 359) for their clinical efficacy and safety. The findings revealed that 60 drugs acting on GIT (16.7%), 50 antimicrobial drugs (13.9%), 31 antihypertensive drugs (8.6%) and 30 drugs for respiratory diseases (8.4%) were prescribed to patients who are 65 years old or more. With regard to disease pattern in the elderly Libyan patients, 27 drugs were prescribed for diabetes mellitus (7.5%), 24 drugs for cardiovascular drugs (6.7%) and 14 drugs for anti-hyperlipidemia (3.9%). According to the WHO core drug use indicator pattern, the average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 3.3. Prescription by generic name was low (41.5%). Antibiotics were 36.8% while injections were 26.6%. Thus, this study suggest that geriatric medicine and rational drug use should strongly be implanted in medical schools and teaching hospitals. Besides, a drug pattern use of the Libyan community is urgently required to avoid drug prescribing errors.

Fathi m. sherif

Araucaria columnaris is one of the ornamental plants of all over the world. It is commonly known as Christmas tree. In the present study tree exudates – resin from the bark of the Araucaria columnaris belonging to the family Araucariaceae were investigated for phytochemical and antibacterial activity. The resin was separately extracted with different solvents based on its polarity, water, methanol, ethyl acetate and benzene. The extracts were screened for phyto-chemical analysis, the result shows that methanolic extract involved in extraction of large number of phytochemicals when compared with other extracts and subjected to antibacterial assay against major human pathogens. Methanolic extract act as good inhibitory agent against major microorganisms. This finding revealed that methanolic resin extract of Araucaria columnaris had significant potential for the control of dreadful diseases causing human pathogens.

Dr. saranya devi k

Background: Pandemics are known to cause poor mental well-being and an increased risk of mental disorders. The foremost concern emerging from different aspects of COVID-19 is its impact on mental health. There were many surveys conducted on the general population related to the effect of COVID-19 and few studies on its psychological impact but there is sparse literature on how the containment measures affected the psychiatric patients. Objective of the study was to investigate whether the COVID-19 related lockdown affected the subjective mood and behavior of psychiatric patients and their caregivers. The secondary purpose is to assess the difficulties encountered in procuring medicines and the effect of non-availability of homoeopathic medicines if any. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on mentally ill patients and their care-givers in the Outpatient Department of Psychiatry in National Homoeopathy Research Institute in Mental Health (NHRIMH), Kottayam. Respondents were evaluated with a specially framed questionnaire containing 22 questions to assess the effect of lockdown on psychiatric patients and their caregivers, who attended the OPD after the COVID-19 related lockdown. The data generated through the study are analysed and presented in this article. Results: Out of the total 548 participants (M-65.9%, F-34.1%) who responded to the survey, 290 (53%) cases expressed that they were distressed to be under lockdown. 26.5% of the clients reported worsening of mental health conditions during lockdown compared to pre-lockdown. 54.2% of the patients found difficulty in procuring homoeopathic medicines during Lockdown. Conclusions: Authorities should consider the ways of limiting the effects of confinement on mentally ill patients and their caregivers by developing strategies to mitigate the adverse consequence of the pandemic.

Dr deepthi gilla

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common, disabling neuro-degenerative disorders. The disease has a significant clinical impact on patients, families, and caregivers through its progressive degenerative effects on mobility and muscle control. Available treatments for PD have varied results. Although there are anecdotal reports of improvement with Homoeopathy, there is a dearth of literature concerning usefulness in management of PD Objectives: To assess the usefulness of ultrahigh dilution of Zinc in the management of PD. Methods: A case of PD under standard care and refractory to treatment visited Out- Patient Department and was assessed with and Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). As per the classical Homoeopathic guidelines Zincum metallicum 200 was prescribed after Repertorization. Results: UPDRS total score of 112 at baseline turned to 40 at the end of 1 year and 7 at the end of two years, in spite of reduction in the conventional medicines. Patient was on Stage 3 of Modified Hoehn and Yahr staging at the baseline and turned to Stage O in duration of 21 months. SEADL score has turned from 40% to 100%. Conclusion: Homoeopathic medicine Zincum met. is a valuable adjuvant in the management of Parkinson’s disease.

Dr deepthi gilla

Background: Hospital acquired infections (HAIs) are infections that patients acquire while receiving treatments for other conditions. Studies have shown that stethoscopes and sphygmomanometers can act as potential sources of these infections in patients accessing treatment in healthcare facilities. This study aimed to increase awareness among health workers in Nigeria of the potentials of stethoscopes and sphygmomanometers to transmit HAIs. Methods: Moist swab sticks were used to collect samples from 38 randomly selected stethoscopes and sphygmomanometers from some departments of four district hospitals. Collected samples were cultured using standard microbiological techniques. In addition, self-designed questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and practice of doctors and nurses on the roles of stethoscopes and sphygmomanometers in HAIs. Results: About 83.8% of the health workers demonstrated some awareness of the roles of stethoscopes and sphygmomanometers in HAIs. 42.5% cleaned their stethoscopes, while 5% their sphygmomanometers. Staphylococcus aureus, (65.9% of stethoscopes), proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (67.6% of sphygmomanometers), Streptococcus and Coliform species were isolated. There was no significant difference between the contamination of stethoscopes and sphygmomanometers by the isolates, except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (t=3.49, p=0.04). Conclusions: Awareness did not match practice in cleaning the stethoscopes and sphygmomanometers in the four facilities. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the two most common organisms isolated with a significant difference (t=3.49, p=0.04) between stethoscopes and sphygmomanometers in isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. To curb HAIs, health workers need to improve on their practice of cleaning stethoscopes and sphygmomanometers.

Emmanuel umegbolu

Water contamination has become a global challenge which must be tackled. This study examined the contamination level of water in four locations at Ogbete area Enugu state. Carters street had the highest pH of 5.23 which is below the WHO standards limits for drinking water. The conductivities ranged from the highest conductivity 1445 μs/cm, which is below the WHO limits (8-10,000 μs/cm), TDS (1000 mg/l., TSS (WHO (500 mg/l). For alkalinity, the four locations were all below the (150 mg/l) standard set by World Health Organisation. Results showed that most of the physicochemical, biological and heavy metals parameters considered in this study were significantly above the permissible or allowed by WHO. It is therefore recommended that the water should be treated before use.

Okechukwu obed chukwuemeka