Although, antibiotics play a fundamental role in control of infectious diseases still the injudicious prescription of antibacterial agents and antibiotic resistance are a global problem. This study aims to assess prescribing pattern of antibiotics and to provide a baseline data about behaviors of physicians prescribing antibiotics during pediatric consultations. In this study, a total of 316 pediatric patients of both genders were receiving different antimicrobial therapy were evaluated during 2021 in pediatric health care services in Bayda, Libya. Data revealed that the average of drugs prescribed was 4.10 per patient while the average of antimicrobials was 2.30 per prescription. Most of the antibiotics were prescribed for the respiratory tract infections (34.0%) and followed by the urinary tract infections (29.0%). Cephalosporins and penicillins were the most common antibiotics prescribed in this study. In conclusion, these findings show the presence of polypharmacy and inappropriate prescribing pattern. To improve and minimize the unnecessary prescribing of antimicrobial agents, a continuous training program for physicians, as well as engaged pharmacists in health care services are needed.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Whewellite crystals are most commonly found in the kidneys, ureter and urinary bladder, causing urolithiasis. The present in vitro study aimed to observe the possible growth patterns and morphology of whewellite crystals. The study was carried out in U-shaped test tubes. Bow shape, donuts and their aggregates, dumbbell, platy, prismatic, rosette, styloid, X-shape and tetragonal bipyramidal crystals were observed. Energy Dispersive X-ray, Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopies and Scanning Electron Microscopy were used to characterize the crystals. This study will be helpful in determining the promotion, modulation, and inhibition of the crystals, as well as evaluating risk factors and prophylactic management of urinary stones.

Dr. salman ahmed

In the world of yoga there are ―Eight limbs path‖ which helps in different aspects like coordination of body and mind and helps to create positivity of mind and help the body healthy and fit by which the functioning of the body improves. In today‘s modern life various type of disease and deformity takes place most of the things takes place due to unbalanced food, & other. The mind is always wondering and being rebellious, never focusing on the moment. It is the mind job to think, it is relentlessly interpreting everything. That is seen, perceived and experienced and this pattern of habit goes through change to behavior and attitude. Many people who practice yoga do so to maintain their health and well-being, improve physical fitness, relieve stress, and enhance quality of life. In addition, they may be addressing specific health conditions, such as back pain, neck pain, arthritis, and anxiety. Basically yoga has been more effective than control and waitlist control conditions, although not always more effective than treatment comparison groups such as other forms of exercise. More randomized controlled studies are needed in which yoga is compared to active exercise groups. Having established the physical and mental health benefits of yoga makes it ethically questionable to assign participants to inactive control groups. Shorter sessions should be investigated for cost-effectiveness and for daily practice.

Yatendra sharma

cASUARINA EQUSITIFOLA IS A FAST GROWING EVERGREEN TREE GROWN BY FARMERS UNDER AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS IN tAMILNADU state of Southern India

Dr. saranya devi k

The goal of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms that underlie heart andskeletal muscle damage in male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g in response to a 3-h exposure to 180 mm Hg(5% O2) in the model of severe hypobaric hypoxia. It has been demonstrated that the level of the cardiac bio-marker troponin I in the blood plasma of rats exposed to severe hypobaric hypoxia for 3 h increased signifi-cantly compared to the control group, indicating myocardial injury. At the same time, the administration ofthe HIF-1α transcription factor inhibitor did not affect the plasma level of troponin I. In contrast, the releaseof the non-specific biomarker myoglobin into the bloodstream did not increase in response to hypoxia com-pared to the control animals. In addition, 24 h after the exposure to severe hypobaric hypoxia the serum myo-globin level was significantly lower in animals administered with the HIF-1α inhibitor topotecan than in ratsthat did not receive topotecan. Therefore, it may be assumed that the inhibition of the HIF-1α transcriptionfactor 10 min before exposure to severe hypobaric hypoxia reduces skeletal muscle damage. The mechanismsthat affect the adaptation of heart and skeletal muscles to hypoxia are discussed.

Даниил Федоров

Kompetensi pedagogik merupakan kemampuan yang harus dimiliki guru dalam mengelola pembelajaran. Berkaitan dengan pengelolaan Pembelajaran Tematik fakta di sekolah menunjukkan banyak guru belum sepenuhnya mampu mengimplementasikan pembelajaran yang memiliki prinsip mengintegrasikan banyak materi. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan guru: 1) Memahami peserta didik dalam melaksanakan Pembelajaran Tematik di MI Miftahul Hidayah Tegalsari Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. 2) Merencanakan pembelajaran dalam melaksanakan Pembelajaran Tematik di MI Miftahul Hidayah Tegalsari Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. 3) Melaksanakan pembelajaran pada Pembelajaran Tematik di MI Miftahul Hidayah Tegalsari Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. 4) Mengevaluasi hasil belajar dalam melaksanakan Pembelajaran Tematik di MI Miftahul Hidayah Tegalsari Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Kemampuan guru memahami peserta didik sudah sesuai indikator kompetensi pedagogik. 2) Kemampuan guru merencanakan pembelajaran sudah sesuai dengan indikator kompetensi pedagogik. 3) Kemampuan guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran ada satu indikator yang perlu diperbaiki. 4) Kemampuan dalam mengevaluasi hasil belajar sudah sesuai dengan indikator kompetensi pedagogik.

Educare: journal of primary education

Recent reports showed an association between bariatric surgery and the development of acute pancreatitis. This report presents a case of acute pancreatitis following a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in a 24-year-old Indian female patient, who presented to the Emergency Department at Hamad General Hospital, Qatar, with severe epigastric pain and persistent vomiting 13 days after LSG. She was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis based on a high level of lipase greater than three times the upper limit of normal, and a computed tomography scan of the abdomen, which was consistent with acute pancreatitis. The patient was treated conservatively with a significant improvement in her symptoms and laboratory tests throughout her admission and consequently was discharged.

Karishma

The purpose of this study is to look at development trends and patterns of structural change in India's rural and labour markets. The rural labour strength have been moving from agricultural sector to non-agricultural sector for a living, after a long period of change (due to pain and growth-induced motives). Although the manufacturing sector lags, the building industry is a significant growing sector that employs rural people. Some improvements in rural areas have been made since the implementation of the MGNREGA rural employment development programme, but it has its own set of problems that experts are discussing. Furthermore, the rural labour market is plagued by high unemployment as a result of both the agricultural and non-farm sectors' failure to absorb rural employees. Nonetheless, the continuing COVID-19 epidemic has worsened its situation by causing a job-loss catastrophe. The rural labour market's future will become more unclear as a consequence of Covid pandemic-induced opposite migration of city workers to their villages, which has worsened food security and poverty issues in rural regions.

Dr. amarjeet singh

Family businesses must harness the full potential of their human resources and maintain employee loyalty to achieve the companies’ objectives effectively. This study examines the influence of transformational leadership on employee commitment through work-life balance and workplace social support. The research was conducted from August to December 2023 using an online questionnaire distributed to employees in a family firm in Medan, Indonesia. The data were then analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results show that transformational leadership significantly effects employee commitment, work-life balance, and workplace social support. However, although workplace social support mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and employee commitment, work-life balance fails to do so. It was also found that work-life balance has no direct influence on employee commitment. Using an IPMA analysis, this study highlights the importance of transformational leadership and workplace social support in the family business environment. Transformational leadership has also been shown to have the best performance and effect on employee commitment. Managers should prioritize these aspects to reduce employees’ stress levels, improve psychological well-being, and increase job satisfaction, leading to a more committed, high-performance workforce.

L

India holds a crucial place in the worldwide leadership of sustainable development since it is the largest democracy in the world and has one of the nations with the greatest economic growth. With innovation, inclusivity, and sustainability at its core, Viksit Bharat @2047 symbolizes India's ambition to become a fully developed country by the century of its independence. Emerging technologies are increasing productivity, boosting global competitiveness, and spurring innovation in various industries. By providing tailored financial assistance & investment suggestions, artificial intelligence-powered chatbots & robo-advisors are democratizing the provision of financial planning services. Decentralized finance (DeFi) systems and other blockchain-based solutions are simplifying trade finance procedures, lowering operating costs, and facilitating safe and transparent cross-border transactions. This chapter examines how innovation and technology are essential to achieving this lofty goal. It provides a thorough examination of India's contemporary digital infrastructure, the country's ascent in international innovation rankings, & the use of cutting-edge technologies including biotechnology, renewable energy, artificial intelligence, and space research. The story highlights government programs such as Start-up India, Digital India, and the National AI & Green Hydrogen Missions. Furthermore, the story underscores the importance of inclusive growth, which encompasses youth empowerment, women-led innovation, and rural digitization. Alongside strategic advice, issues like cybersecurity concerns, low investment in research and growth, and the digital divide are also discussed. India is positioned to emerge as a worldwide leader in technology, not simply a consumer, by cultivating a strong innovation ecosystem and utilizing partnerships between university, industry, and the private sector. This chapter provides a comprehensive plan for a tech-powered, inclusive, and sustainable Viksit Bharat before 2047. Higher education is one of the areas that must use developing technology, especially artificial intelligence (AI), to achieve Viksit Bharat 2047 (the Developed India 2047). Outside of higher education, artificial intelligence influences technology and economic progress. Young minds will realize this transformative vision as soon as they actively interact with AI. AI literacy empowers students in higher education to investigate, produce, and innovate. Students may do research, find solutions to real-world issues, and alter the course of history as they learn AI.

Dr. awadhesh singh gautam

The gold standard anesthesiologic procedure for urgent femur fracture surgery is Spinal Anesthesia. It is not always feasible because of patients' severe comorbidities and difficulties in optimizing drug therapy in the appropriate time frame such as discontinuation of anticoagulant drugs. The use of four peripheral nerve blocks (tetra-block) can be a winning weapon when all seems lost. We present, in this case series, three Caucasian adult femur fractures (an 83-year-old woman, a 73-year-old man, and a 68-year-old woman) with different and major comorbidities (cardiac or circulatory disorders on anticoagulants therapy that were not discontinued on time; breast cancer and others) underwent the same anesthesiologic approach in the urgent setting. Ultrasound peripheral nerve blocks, that is femoral, lateral femoral cutaneous, obturator, and sciatic with parasacral approach were successfully performed in all patients who underwent intramedullary nailing for intertrochanteric fracture. We evaluated the adequacy of the anesthesia plane, postoperative pain control with the VAS scale, and the incidence of postoperative side effects. Four peripheral nerve blocks (Tetra-block) can be alternative anesthesiologic management in urgent settings, in patients where drug therapy cannot be optimized, as in antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy.

Dario cirillo

Purpose Noise pollution is a common health hazard worldwide which is emitted along with chemical air pollutants, simultaneously from many sources. Some studies have been conducted to control these pollutants, simultaneously with promising results being achieved. Dielectric beads have been used in air pollution control technologies, successfully and probable effectiveness of them in noise reduction can be promising in dual use of them in the exhausts emitting noise and air pollution, simultaneously. Methods In order to investigate the effectiveness of dielectric beads in noise reduction, two types of them; namely glass and ceramic beads, were placed separately inside the connecting tube of a double-expansion chamber muffler. Then the transmission loss (TL) of muffler was examined using impedance tube. A factorial design was used to evaluate and optimize the effect of noise related parameters on TL of such a system. Results Results show that the presence of dielectric beads has significant effect on TL of muffler. The maximum TL was obtained as 74.76 dB for muffler with ceramic beads, under the optimal condition of 5250 Hz and 120 dB. Measurement of TL and sound absorption coefficient (SAC) of glass and ceramic beads showed that the noise reduction in muffler with ceramic and glass beads is probably due to SAC in ceramic beads and noise reflections in glass beads, respectively. Conclusion These results promise the dual use of dielectric beads in the exhausts emitting noise and air pollution simultaneously.

Niloofar

The National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) is an organization set up by the Nigerian government to involve the country’s graduate yearly in the development of the country. The one year service period has three weeks orientation period when the corps members are trained in paramilitary training. During this period, the corps members use the manual approach to supply their personal information. The manual method of information system used by the corps members is very tedious, time-consuming, prone to errors, and information modification and retrieval are practically impossible. To solve these problems, an online NYSC orientation camp information system is proposed. The proposed system is analyzed, designed and developed using Entity-Relationship Model (ERM) with an entity-relationship diagram as a defector. The architecture model is implemented using PHP and MySQL programming languages. The results showed that the researchers have developed an interactive online NYSC orientation camp information that can handle updates and modification of data more efficiently and can be accessed anywhere and anytime than the manual methods of information system. The researchers hereby recommended the developed software to the National Youth Services Corps headquarters for efficient database analysis of the corps members’ information system

Ogala justin onyarin

This brief inspects the situation with research in Indian advanced education and offers an outline of the idea of undergrad (UG) research as a method for change. The article endeavors a short survey of the public authority endeavors to further develop advanced education examination, and underlines the restrictions of their degree just as their ramifications. Through a sweeping audit of existing experimental and subjective investigations, this concise shows the advantages and effects of UG research on improvement of insightful characteristics in understudies also its impact on foundations. At last, it suggests methods of drafting this idea in the current arrangement of undergrad schooling in India, in view of remedies by the Chamber on Undergrad Exploration

Dr gedam kamalakar

Background In 2016, the Tanzanian government shifted the vaccine supply chain responsibilities from the Medical Store Department (MSD) to the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) to reduce costs. However, cost estimates that informed the decision were based on invoice value of vaccines and related supplies, rather than a proper economic evaluation study. Therefore, this study aims to compare the actual storage and distribution costs of vaccines and related supplies between MSD to EPI. Method Micro-costing approach was used to estimate resource use at MSD and EPI for the year 2018. Data were collected through a review of documents, warehouse databases, and interviews with key staff at MSD and EPI. We included both capital and recurrent costs. Microsoft Excel® was used for analysis with input data from the UNICEF forecasting tool, WHOs vaccine volume and capacity estimation tool, diesel generator calculator, and supply chain service fee estimator version 1.02. Results The total vaccine storage and distribution costs were estimated to be USD 1,996,286 at MSD and USD 543,648 at EPI. Distribution and program management costs represented 41% (USD 819,288) and 38% (USD 762,968) of the total costs at MSD, while storage and distribution costs represented 43% (USD 234,423) and 34% (USD 184,620) of the total costs at EPI, respectively. The cost drivers at MSD were fuel and transport (21%), receiving and dispatch (19%) and, program management personnel cost (14%), while at EPI were storage space (20%), program management personnel cost (18%) and fuel and transport (15%). Conclusion The storage and distribution of vaccines in Tanzania via the EPI reduced the vaccine supply chain cost to about 27% of the program costs at MSD.

Dr. omary swallehe

Dans notre système éducatif, l’accès à la formation pédagogique pour l’enseignement primaire est accessible aux personnes dotées du certificat de l’école primaire. Or, le système éducatif les plus performants organisent un dis- positif de pré-sélection afin de former les meilleurs pour assurer un enseigne- ment de qualité. Le recours à la théorie des intelligences multiples, est salutaire pour le recrutement des futurs enseignants dans notre système éducatif. A partir de cette théorie, la formation initiale des enseignants et leurs recrutements sont spécifiquement bordés de trois axes à savoir : interpersonnel, linguistique et lo- gique/mathématique, pourquoi mettre de côté les autres formes d’intelligences ? Or l’enseignant du primaire doit bénéficier aujourd’hui d’une formation totale.

Assanvo

Business nowadays has no boundaries of time, place, or information, so any firm must evaluate its performance regularly to ensure long-term viability. This study aims to determine the impact of employees’ motivation and job training on company performance in a family business called PT Anugrah Mandiri. It is an automotive spare parts distribution company in Medan, Indonesia established in 2010. As a family business run by many family members, PT Anugrah Mandiri tends to undervalue the importance of providing motivation and delivering practical training to its employees. This results in most employees being overwhelmed, and the business performance is decreasing. As this study's quantitative research method shows, motivated and skilled employees are the keys to a successful firm. The instruments used to collect data are questionnaires about employees’ motivation, job training, and company performance, and then processed using SPSS. Saturation sampling is used as the sampling method by administering the questionnaires to 50 employees of PT Anugrah Mandiri. The data analysis tool in this study is a multiple linear regression by carrying out a classic assumption test continued by testing the partial hypothesis or t-test, the simultaneous hypothesis test or the F test, and the calculation of the coefficient of determination. The statistical result shows that company performance increases by 0.422 and 0.384 when employees’ motivation and job training increase by 1 unit. All hypotheses in this research are accepted, and it can be concluded that employees’ motivation and job training influence company performance.

L

We pose various congruences on the integers of form 6^n+1,n∈Z_+, which may encourage younger number theorists to research number theory and settle new dimensions in this field. We observed that there are only three prime numbers, namely 7,37, and 1297 of form 6^n+1,n∈Z_+, and no one Fermat numbers attains this form. Moreover, these integers end with 7, like Fermat numbers F_n,n≥2. Also, we discussed some congruences with number theoretic functions σ,φ and Möbious function μ.

Rajiv kumar

The potential use of composite flours for the production of bakery products to increase and improve the protein content is one of the areas of research interest nowadays. In this study, suitability of wheat, soybean and unripe plantain composite flour blends was investigated for the development of cookies. Six blends of flour recipes were prepared by mixing different proportions of wheat flour (WF), soybean flour (SF) and unripe plantain flour (PF) and 100% WF served as control to produce cookies. The flour ratios were; A= (100 % wheat flour/control), B= (90:5:5), C= (80:15:5), D= (70:20:10), E= (60:25:15) and F= (50:30:20). The proximate composition varied from 7.48 - 14.01 %, 7.17 - 17.21 %, 1.65 – 5.22 %, 2.67 – 5.18 %, 1.55 – 5.88 % and 57.30 - 72.02 %, for moisture, protein, fat, crude fibre, ash and carbohydrate contents, respectively. The mineral contents ranged from 87.82 to 143.59 mg/100g, 44.35 to 78.15 mg/100g, 1.23-4.15 mg/100g, 1.27 to 2.18 mg/100g, 87.67 to 112.27 mg/100g and 67.98 to 157.22 mg/100g for potassium, calcium, iron, zinc and magnesium, respectively. The result of the mineral analysis revealed that the calcium and iron were the predominant mineral elements in the cookies samples and the mineral composition increased with level of plantain addition. This showed the viability of producing nutritious cookies with desirable nutritional qualities from wheat, soybean and unripe plantain.

Okechukwu obed chukwuemeka

Gaucher Disease (GD) is the most common lysosomal storage disorder. The prevalence of GD is approximately 1/100,000, and type III GD accounts for 5% of cases. [1] It is an autosomal recessive disease due to a GBA gene mutation, leading to glucocerebrosidase enzyme deficiency. [1,2] Gaucher disease (GD) is categorized into three types according to clinical presentation: [3] Type I, which is non-neuronopathic and most common, particularly among Ashkenazi Jews; Type II, which is acute neuronopathic and marked by significant neurological involvement and high mortality rates; and Type III, which is subacute neuronopathic, exhibiting both systemic and neurological symptoms. In this report, we discuss a 24-year-old man from Libya diagnosed with GD type III. His diagnosis was established at the age of one due to symptoms including pallor, poor appetite, and hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory tests indicated a hemoglobin level of 5.6 g/dL, chitotriosidase activity of 18,742 μmol/L, and an angiotensin-converting enzyme level of 251 UI/L. Genetic analysis confirmed a homozygous L444P mutation. He underwent splenectomy at the age of three, and enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) was administered intermittently with regular follow-ups until 2011. In December 2023, the patient experienced two weeks of abdominal pain, distension, and fatigue. A physical examination revealed ascites, dilated abdominal veins, and an enlarged liver and spleen.

Karishma